Motion-Robust Methods for Rapid Pediatric MRI without Sedation

无需镇静即可进行快速儿科 MRI 的运动稳健方法

• 批准号: 9336314
• 负责人: CRAIG H MEYER
• 金额: $ 22.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9336314
• 关键词: Abdomen; Acclimatization; Adult; Age; Algorithm Design; Algorithms; Anesthesia procedures; Breathing; Cancer Patient; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Research; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Dose; Environment; Estimation Techniques; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Financial compensation; Frequencies; Goals; High-LET Radiation; Image; Infant; Ionizing radiation; Length; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Malignant Childhood Neoplasm; Maps; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Patient Schedules; Patients; Physiologic pulse; Pilot Projects; Population; Problem Formulations; Process; Protocols documentation; Radiation; Research Personnel; Resolution; Risk; Sampling; Scanning; Schedule; Sedation procedure; Solid Neoplasm; Techniques; Testing; Time; X-Ray Computed Tomography; base; cancer risk; clinical application; clinical imaging; computerized data processing; cost; data acquisition; data space; density; distraction; image reconstruction; imaging modality; improved; novel; parental involvement; pediatric patients; performance tests; prevent; rapid technique; reconstruction; respiratory; solution hybridization; spatiotemporal; volunteer

Project Summary/Abstract The need for sedation is a significant concern for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of young children. This challenge arises because the typically long durations of volumetric imaging used in clinical applications are too long for infants and young children to remain still voluntarily. Without anesthesia, the motion during a scan would distort images, obscuring critical features needed for diagnosis. Breathing-related motion further reduces image quality, and breath-holds may be unrealistic for young children. This project aims to eliminate the use of sedation from the majority of pediatric MRIs using novel acquisition and reconstruction methods that accelerate the imaging process and track and compensate for motion. A pediatric MRI paradigm performed without any sedation would enable broader application of clinical MRI in young children. Other benefits include a shorter, less costly exam, which is easier to schedule absent anesthesiologist support. These benefits should make MRI a more attractive option for pediatric imaging versus an alternative such as X-ray computed tomography (CT), which is unattractive due to its high radiation dose. This distinction becomes even more important when repeated imaging is necessary, such as the monitoring of solid tumors in pediatric cancer patients. Conventional MRI data acquisition for volumetric imaging relies on a “spin warp” approach, requiring thousands or even tens of thousands of readouts to reconstruct a volume, depending on the desired field of view and spatial resolution. In total, an entire volume can take several minutes to acquire, and multiple volumes with different contrasts are generally prescribed in a typical imaging session. Patient motion during this process can distort or blur the reconstruction, rendering the images unusable. Respiratory gating techniques can reduce the effects of breathing-related motion, but such methods do not extend to patient motion. Distraction, acclimation, and parental involvement also can help young children to behave cooperatively in the scanner environment, but the typical process for acquiring diagnostic-quality MRI of young children remains sedation or partial sedation during scanning. This proposal merges complementary pulse sequence and image reconstruction algorithm design to introduce a hybrid solution to the challenging problem of fast imaging with motion. We hypothesize that combining a variable-density inter- leaved spiral acquisition (Aim 1) with self-navigating motion-compensated model-based reconstruction (Aim 2) will greatly reduce scan times and mitigate patient motion sufficiently to enable diagnostically useful pediatric clinical imaging without any sedation, and introduce a low-risk alternative for the diagnosis and regular treatment monitoring of solid tumors in infants and young children (Aim 3).

项目摘要/摘要 镇静的需求是对幼儿的磁共振成像（MRI）的重要关注点。这个挑战 之所以出现，是因为在临床应用中使用的容量的持续时间很长，对于婴儿来说太长了 幼儿保持自愿。没有麻醉，扫描过程中的运动会扭曲图像，遮盖 诊断所需的关键特征。与呼吸有关的运动进一步降低了图像质量，呼吸可能是 对于幼儿来说是不现实的。该项目旨在消除大多数儿科MRI的镇静使用 新颖的采集和重建方法加速了成像过程，跟踪并补偿运动。一个 在没有任何镇静的情况下进行的小儿MRI范式可以使幼儿更广泛地应用临床MRI。 其他好处包括一项较短，较低的考试，更容易安排缺乏麻醉师的支持。这些 利益应使MRI成为儿科成像的更具吸引力的选择，而不是计算X射线的替代方案 断层扫描（CT），由于其高辐射剂量而没有吸引力。当这种区别在 重复成像是必要的，例如对小儿癌患者实体瘤的监测。 用于体积成像的常规MRI数据获取依赖于“旋转扭曲”方法，需要数千甚至数千个方法 取决于所需的视图和空间分辨率，数以万计的读数来重建卷。在 总计，整个卷可能需要几分钟才能获取，并且多卷具有不同的对比度 在典型的成像会话中规定。在此过程中的患者运动会扭曲或模糊重建，渲染 图像无法使用。呼吸门控技术可以减少与呼吸有关的运动的影响，但是这种方法 不要扩展到患者运动。分心，适应和父母的参与也可以帮助幼儿表现 在扫描仪环境中合作，但典型的诊断质量MRI的典型过程 在扫描过程中仍然是镇静或部分镇静。 该建议合并完整的脉冲序列和图像重建算法设计，以引入混合动力 解决动作快速成像的挑战问题。我们假设将可变密度之间的间 左螺旋获取（AIM 1）具有自动化运动的基于运动的模型重建（AIM 2）将极大地 减少扫描时间并减轻患者运动，以实现诊断有用的小儿临床成像 任何镇静，并引入了低风险替代方案，以诊断和定期治疗实体瘤监测 婴儿和幼儿（目标3）。