Motion-Robust Methods for Rapid Pediatric MRI without Sedation

无需镇静即可进行快速儿科 MRI 的运动稳健方法

• 批准号: 9336314
• 负责人: CRAIG H MEYER
• 金额: $ 22.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9336314
• 关键词: Abdomen; Acclimatization; Adult; Age; Algorithm Design; Algorithms; Anesthesia procedures; Breathing; Cancer Patient; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Research; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Dose; Environment; Estimation Techniques; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Financial compensation; Frequencies; Goals; High-LET Radiation; Image; Infant; Ionizing radiation; Length; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Malignant Childhood Neoplasm; Maps; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Patient Schedules; Patients; Physiologic pulse; Pilot Projects; Population; Problem Formulations; Process; Protocols documentation; Radiation; Research Personnel; Resolution; Risk; Sampling; Scanning; Schedule; Sedation procedure; Solid Neoplasm; Techniques; Testing; Time; X-Ray Computed Tomography; base; cancer risk; clinical application; clinical imaging; computerized data processing; cost; data acquisition; data space; density; distraction; image reconstruction; imaging modality; improved; novel; parental involvement; pediatric patients; performance tests; prevent; rapid technique; reconstruction; respiratory; solution hybridization; spatiotemporal; volunteer

Project Summary/Abstract The need for sedation is a significant concern for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of young children. This challenge arises because the typically long durations of volumetric imaging used in clinical applications are too long for infants and young children to remain still voluntarily. Without anesthesia, the motion during a scan would distort images, obscuring critical features needed for diagnosis. Breathing-related motion further reduces image quality, and breath-holds may be unrealistic for young children. This project aims to eliminate the use of sedation from the majority of pediatric MRIs using novel acquisition and reconstruction methods that accelerate the imaging process and track and compensate for motion. A pediatric MRI paradigm performed without any sedation would enable broader application of clinical MRI in young children. Other benefits include a shorter, less costly exam, which is easier to schedule absent anesthesiologist support. These benefits should make MRI a more attractive option for pediatric imaging versus an alternative such as X-ray computed tomography (CT), which is unattractive due to its high radiation dose. This distinction becomes even more important when repeated imaging is necessary, such as the monitoring of solid tumors in pediatric cancer patients. Conventional MRI data acquisition for volumetric imaging relies on a “spin warp” approach, requiring thousands or even tens of thousands of readouts to reconstruct a volume, depending on the desired field of view and spatial resolution. In total, an entire volume can take several minutes to acquire, and multiple volumes with different contrasts are generally prescribed in a typical imaging session. Patient motion during this process can distort or blur the reconstruction, rendering the images unusable. Respiratory gating techniques can reduce the effects of breathing-related motion, but such methods do not extend to patient motion. Distraction, acclimation, and parental involvement also can help young children to behave cooperatively in the scanner environment, but the typical process for acquiring diagnostic-quality MRI of young children remains sedation or partial sedation during scanning. This proposal merges complementary pulse sequence and image reconstruction algorithm design to introduce a hybrid solution to the challenging problem of fast imaging with motion. We hypothesize that combining a variable-density inter- leaved spiral acquisition (Aim 1) with self-navigating motion-compensated model-based reconstruction (Aim 2) will greatly reduce scan times and mitigate patient motion sufficiently to enable diagnostically useful pediatric clinical imaging without any sedation, and introduce a low-risk alternative for the diagnosis and regular treatment monitoring of solid tumors in infants and young children (Aim 3).

项目概要/摘要 镇静的需要是幼儿磁共振成像 (MRI) 的一个重要问题。 之所以出现这种情况，是因为临床应用中使用的体积成像通常持续时间较长，对于婴儿和婴儿来说太长了。 小孩子自愿保持静止，如果没有麻醉，扫描过程中的运动会扭曲图像，模糊不清。 诊断所需的关键特征是与呼吸相关的进一步运动会降低图像质量，并且屏气可能会影响图像质量。 该项目旨在消除大多数儿科 MRI 中使用镇静剂的情况。 新颖的采集和重建方法可加速成像过程并跟踪和补偿运动。 在没有任何镇静的情况下进行的儿科 MRI 范式将使临床 MRI 在幼儿中得到更广泛的应用。 其他好处包括检查时间更短、成本更低，更容易安排缺席麻醉师的支持。 与 X 射线计算等替代方案相比，MRI 的优点应该使 MRI 成为儿科成像更具吸引力的选择 断层扫描（CT）由于其高辐射剂量而没有吸引力，这种区别在以下情况下变得更加重要。 重复成像是必要的，例如监测儿科癌症患者的实体瘤。 用于体积成像的传统 MRI 数据采集依赖于“旋转扭曲”方法，需要数千甚至 根据所需的视野和空间分辨率，需要数以万计的读数来重建体积。 总的来说，获取整个体积可能需要几分钟的时间，并且通常会采集具有不同对比度的多个体积 在此过程中的典型成像过程中规定的患者运动可能会扭曲或模糊重建、渲染。 呼吸门控技术可以减少与呼吸相关的运动的影响，但此类方法不可用。 不要延伸到患者的动作 分散注意力、适应环境和父母的参与也可以帮助幼儿表现得更好。 在扫描仪环境中合作，但获取幼儿诊断质量 MRI 的典型过程 扫描期间保持镇静或部分镇静。 该提案融合了互补脉冲序列和图像重建算法设计，引入了一种混合 解决快速成像与运动这一具有挑战性的问题，我们勇敢地结合了可变密度交互。 左螺旋采集（目标 1）与自导航运动补偿基于模型的重建（目标 2）将极大地 减少扫描时间并充分减轻患者运动，以实现诊断有用的儿科临床成像，而无需 任何镇静剂，并为实体瘤的诊断和定期治疗监测引入低风险替代方案 婴儿和幼儿（目标 3）。