Network properties and causal mechanisms of distractor-resistant working memory

抗干扰工作记忆的网络特性和因果机制

• 批准号: 9395666
• 负责人: Anastasia Kiyonaga
• 金额: $ 0.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9395666
• 关键词: Address; Age-associated memory impairment; Aptitude; Architecture; Area; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Clinical; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Consumption; Data Analyses; Environment; Face; Fellowship; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Impairment; Information Distribution; Intelligence; Interruption; Lateral; Life; Light; Maintenance; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Mind; Neurobiology; Parietal; Pattern; Performance; Play; Predisposition; Process; Property; Psyche structure; Research; Resistance; Role; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Source; Stimulus; Task Performances; Taxes; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Translating; Traumatic Brain Injury; Visual; attentional control; base; cognitive control; cognitive function; cost; data acquisition; distraction; experience; experimental study; flexibility; graph theory; grasp; indexing; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; novel strategies; prevent; relating to nervous system; response; tool; visual stimulus

Project Summary All of us are taxed with juggling our inner mental lives and immediate external task demands. The temporary maintenance of task-relevant internal information in working memory is a vital cognitive function, but it is vulnerable to disruption by irrelevant perceptual input and competing attention demands. We lack a clear characterization, however, of the conditions under which distraction will be most disruptive, as well as a neurobiological explanation for how we successfully resist its impact. The current proposal uses converging neuroimaging and causal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) methods, as well as advanced brain network connectivity analysis techniques, to shed light on the neural processes that promote and prevent distraction during working memory. The experiments employ a novel behavioral task that combines levels of distraction from two primary sources—perceptual interference and attention demand—to look at their unique and interacting effects on maintenance of information in working memory. Aim 1 measures the reconfiguration of functional connectivity patterns between brain networks that control and represent working memory information in response to distraction demands. Aim 2 manipulates neural activity with TMS to a) test the causal contribution of particular brain nodes to WM behavior and b) probe the distraction-dependent effects of that stimulation on activity and connectivity in interacting brain networks. The proposed cutting-edge data acquisition and analysis techniques represent novel strategies for addressing perplexing inconsistencies in our understanding of distraction effects, as well as invaluable fellowship training goals. The application of a non- invasive neurostimulation technique, in particular, will allow a precise and directional delineation of the neural components of distractor-resistant working memory, unachievable with common correlational (i.e., neuroimaging) techniques alone. The proposed studies will mark both a conceptual and methodological advance in understanding the persistence of working memory despite the interruptions and diversions that are so common in daily life.

项目概要 我们所有人都需要兼顾内心的精神生活和眼前的外部任务要求。 在工作记忆中维护与任务相关的内部信息是一项重要的认知功能，但它 我们很容易受到不相关的知觉输入和相互竞争的注意力需求的干扰。 然而，描述了在什么情况下分心最具破坏性，以及 我们如何成功抵抗其影响的神经生物学解释当前的提议使用收敛。 神经影像和因果经颅磁刺激（TMS）方法，以及先进的大脑网络 连接分析技术，揭示促进和防止分心的神经过程 实验采用了一种新颖的行为任务，该任务结合了分心程度。 从两个主要来源——感知干扰和注意力需求——来审视他们独特和 目标 1 衡量重新配置 控制和表示工作记忆信息的大脑网络之间的功能连接模式 目标 2 通过 TMS 操纵神经活动来 a) 测试因果关系。 b) 探究特定脑节点对 WM 行为的贡献以及分心依赖性效应 刺激交互大脑网络的活动和连接性。 采集和分析技术代表了解决我们的研究中令人困惑的不一致问题的新策略。 了解分心效应，以及宝贵的奖学金培训目标。 特别是侵入性神经刺激技术将能够精确、定向地描绘神经 抗干扰工作记忆的组成部分，是普通相关性无法实现的（即 所提出的研究将标志着概念和方法论的发展。 尽管存在干扰和转移，但在理解工作记忆的持久性方面取得了进展 在日常生活中如此常见。