Network properties and causal mechanisms of distractor-resistant working memory

抗干扰工作记忆的网络特性和因果机制

• 批准号: 9395666
• 负责人: Anastasia Kiyonaga
• 金额: $ 0.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9395666
• 关键词: Address; Age-associated memory impairment; Aptitude; Architecture; Area; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Clinical; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Consumption; Data Analyses; Environment; Face; Fellowship; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Impairment; Information Distribution; Intelligence; Interruption; Lateral; Life; Light; Maintenance; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Mind; Neurobiology; Parietal; Pattern; Performance; Play; Predisposition; Process; Property; Psyche structure; Research; Resistance; Role; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Source; Stimulus; Task Performances; Taxes; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Translating; Traumatic Brain Injury; Visual; attentional control; base; cognitive control; cognitive function; cost; data acquisition; distraction; experience; experimental study; flexibility; graph theory; grasp; indexing; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; novel strategies; prevent; relating to nervous system; response; tool; visual stimulus

Project Summary All of us are taxed with juggling our inner mental lives and immediate external task demands. The temporary maintenance of task-relevant internal information in working memory is a vital cognitive function, but it is vulnerable to disruption by irrelevant perceptual input and competing attention demands. We lack a clear characterization, however, of the conditions under which distraction will be most disruptive, as well as a neurobiological explanation for how we successfully resist its impact. The current proposal uses converging neuroimaging and causal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) methods, as well as advanced brain network connectivity analysis techniques, to shed light on the neural processes that promote and prevent distraction during working memory. The experiments employ a novel behavioral task that combines levels of distraction from two primary sources—perceptual interference and attention demand—to look at their unique and interacting effects on maintenance of information in working memory. Aim 1 measures the reconfiguration of functional connectivity patterns between brain networks that control and represent working memory information in response to distraction demands. Aim 2 manipulates neural activity with TMS to a) test the causal contribution of particular brain nodes to WM behavior and b) probe the distraction-dependent effects of that stimulation on activity and connectivity in interacting brain networks. The proposed cutting-edge data acquisition and analysis techniques represent novel strategies for addressing perplexing inconsistencies in our understanding of distraction effects, as well as invaluable fellowship training goals. The application of a non- invasive neurostimulation technique, in particular, will allow a precise and directional delineation of the neural components of distractor-resistant working memory, unachievable with common correlational (i.e., neuroimaging) techniques alone. The proposed studies will mark both a conceptual and methodological advance in understanding the persistence of working memory despite the interruptions and diversions that are so common in daily life.

项目摘要 我们所有人都征收兼顾我们内心的心理生活和直接的外部任务需求。临时 在工作记忆中维护与任务相关的内部信息是重要的认知功能，但它是 很容易受到无关的感知输入和竞争性关注要求的破坏。我们缺乏清晰的 但是，表征分散注意力最具破坏性的条件以及 神经生物学解释我们如何成功抵抗其影响。当前建议使用融合 神经影像学和因果trancranial磁刺激（TMS）方法以及先进的大脑网络 连接分析技术，以阐明促进和防止注意力的神经过程 在工作记忆中。实验员工一项新的行为任务，结合了分心的水平 从两个主要来源（感知干扰和关注需求）来查看它们的独特和 对工作记忆中信息维护的互动影响。 AIM 1衡量重新配置 控制和表示工作记忆信息的大脑网络之间的功能连接模式 应对分心的需求。 AIM 2用TMS操纵神经活动以a）测试因果关系 特定大脑节点对WM行为的贡献，b）探测分散注意力依赖性的影响 相互作用的大脑网络中的活动和连通性刺激。提出的尖端数据 获取和分析技术代表了解决我们的困惑不一致的新型策略 了解分心效应以及宝贵的奖学金培训目标。非 - 特别是侵入性神经刺激技术，将允许对神经元进行精确和定向描述 耐距离的工作记忆的组成部分，无法实现，具有共同的相关性（即 单独使用神经影像学技术。拟议的研究将标志着概念和方法论 在理解工作记忆目的地的持久性方面的发展中断和转移 在日常生活中如此普遍。