Behavioral Economics in MR/DD and Behavior Disorders

MR/DD 和行为障碍的行为经济学

基本信息

批准号：
8438419
负责人：
ISER DELEON
金额：
$ 20.46万
依托单位：
HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-05-01 至 2015-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8438419
关键词：
Adopted Attention Behavior Behavior Disorders Behavior Therapy Behavioral Budgets Caregivers Caring Child Child Behavior Child Behavior Disorders Choice Behavior Clinical Trials Communities Consumption Data Developmental Disabilities Economics Educational process of instructing Effectiveness of Interventions Elasticity Ensure Environment Funding Grant Home environment Individual Intervention Investigation Laboratories Laboratory Study Life Modeling Motivation Outcome Persons Positive Reinforcements Price Problem behavior Progress Reports Psychological reinforcement Research Rest Savings Schedule Sorting - Cell Movement Source Stimulus Therapeutic Therapeutic Effect Therapeutic Intervention Treatment Efficacy base clinical effect cost functional outcomes intellectual and developmental disability interest operation psychologic public health relevance reinforcer research study response standard of care therapy design translational approach treatment effect

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Assessments of severe behavior disorders of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have revealed that behavior problems are often maintained by their functional outcomes (or reinforcers). For example, children may gain caregiver attention or escape instructional demands via their problem behavior. Behavioral interventions built upon this framework comprise the current standard of psychological care. These interventions typically involve teaching or otherwise promoting appropriate, alternative behaviors that produce identical or similar reinforcers as the problem behavior, to displace the problem behavior. Numerous studies have validated the effectiveness of these interventions under initial conditions, but others have revealed that their therapeutic effects sometimes wane as the ratio of responses to reinforcers is increased (or "thinned") to make the interventions practical in natural environments (e.g., classrooms). We previously proposed that principles from the field of behavioral economics, including stimulus substitutability and demand elasticity, can help to determine the conditions under which behavioral interventions may be expected to maintain their effects across changes in intervention schedules. In the initial budget period, we conducted investigations that demonstrated that a) the choice behavior of children with IDD and behavior disorders is systematically sensitive to behavioral economic manipulations involving stimulus substitutability and demand elasticity, and b) behavioral interventions based on these principles can often produce clinical effects that are more durable than what is often prescribed under the current standard of care. In the current proposal, we again adopt a translational approach to extend our analysis of behavioral economic principles, and their relevance to problem behavior, through both laboratory and clinical investigations. Six studies are proposed that a) further explore concepts of substitutability and demand elasticity to enhance treatment effects, b) employ concepts related to open vs. closed economies to both understand the influence of extraneous sources of reinforcement on response allocation and decrease motivation for problem behavior, and c) employ concepts related to "penalty" and "interest" to model how response allocation can be shifted away from problem behavior and towards appropriate behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：对智力和发育障碍儿童（IDD）的严重行为障碍的评估表明，行为问题通常是由其功能结果（或强化物）维持的。例如，儿童可能会通过他们的问题行为获得看护者的关注或逃避教学要求。建立在这一框架之上的行为干预构成了当前的心理护理标准。这些干预措施通常涉及教导或以其他方式促进适当的替代行为，这些行为产生与问题行为相同或相似的强化物，以取代问题行为。许多研究已经验证了这些干预措施在初始条件下的有效性，但其他研究表明，随着对强化物的反应比例增加（或“变薄”）以使干预措施在自然环境（例如教室）中实用，它们的治疗效果有时会减弱。）。我们之前提出，行为经济学领域的原理，包括刺激替代性和需求弹性，可以帮助确定行为干预在干预计划变化时保持其效果的条件。在最初的预算期间，我们进行的调查表明，a）患有 IDD 和行为障碍的儿童的选择行为对涉及刺激可替代性和需求弹性的行为经济操纵系统敏感，b）基于这些原则的行为干预通常可以产生临床效果比当前护理标准下通常规定的效果更持久。在当前的提案中，我们再次采用转化方法，通过实验室和临床研究来扩展我们对行为经济学原理及其与问题行为的相关性的分析。提出了六项研究：a）进一步探索可替代性和需求弹性的概念，以增强治疗效果；b）采用与开放经济和封闭经济相关的概念来理解外部强化来源对响应分配的影响，并减少问题行为的动机，以及 c) 采用与“惩罚”和“利益”相关的概念来模拟响应分配如何从问题行为转向适当行为。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（15）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Teaching generatively: Learning about disorders and disabilities.

生成式教学：了解疾病和残疾。

DOI：
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Alter, Margaret M;Borrero, John C
通讯作者：
Borrero, John C

Differential reinforcement of other behavior increases untargeted behavior.

其他行为的差异强化会增加非目标行为。

DOI：
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Jessel, Joshua;Borrero, John C;Becraft, Jessica L
通讯作者：
Becraft, Jessica L

Does preference rank predict substitution for the reinforcer for problem behavior? a behavioral economic analysis.

偏好等级是否可以预测问题行为强化物的替代？

DOI：
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Frank;Castillo, Mariana I;DeLeon, Iser G
通讯作者：
DeLeon, Iser G

The aesthetics of intervention in defense of the esoteric.

捍卫深奥的干预美学。

DOI：
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Deleon; Iser G
通讯作者：
Iser G

Distributed and accumulated reinforcement arrangements: evaluations of efficacy and preference.

分布式和累积强化安排：功效和偏好评估。

DOI：
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
DeLeon, Iser G;Chase, Julie A;Frank;Carreau;Triggs, Mandy M;Bullock, Christopher E;Jennett, Heather K
通讯作者：
Jennett, Heather K