Bench Scale Studies of Novel In-situ Aquifer Remediation of Recalcitrant Fluorinated Organic Compounds at Superfund Sites

超级基金地点顽固氟化有机化合物新型原位含水层修复的实验室规模研究

基本信息

批准号：
9409532
负责人：
Raymond G. Ball
金额：
$ 14.93万
依托单位：
ENCHEM ENGINEERING, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2019-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9409532
关键词：
Achievement Adsorption Aerobic Air Amendment Anaerobic Bacteria Area Biodegradation Carbon Chemicals Chemistry Complex Data Department of Defense Diffuse Engineering Environment Excision Film Fire - disasters Flushing Formulation Funding Gases Goals Health High temperature of physical object Hydrolysis In Situ Incineration Infusion procedures Injection of therapeutic agent Laboratories Legal patent Methods Military Personnel Mission Natural regeneration Oxidants Ozone Periodicity Phase Principal Investigator Process Property Pump Reagent Research Resistance Site Small Business Innovation Research Grant Soil Source Superfund Surface Surface Tension System Technology Testing Time Training United States Environmental Protection Agency Water Water Supply Work alkalinity anthropogenesis aqueous base combat commercialization cost cost effective cost efficient design drinking water experimental study global health health organization innovation new technology novel phase 1 study photolysis pollutant process optimization programs remediation residence sugar superfund site

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract: Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in soil and groundwater are currently remediated by extracting the contaminated groundwater for ex-situ treatment via adsorption onto granular activated carbon (GAC) or other sorbents which only transfers contaminants to another media that still needs to be treated. This is a very long-term and expensive process because 1) it takes decades for the sorbed PFAS on soil to be extracted via groundwater pump and treat (P&T), and 2) the carbon must be changed frequently and 3) treatment (by high temperature regeneration or incineration) is costly. In addition, P&T technology may never achieve EPA Health Advisory concentrations in the aquifer. PFAS are fluorinated anthropogenic pollutants that the USEPA and global health organizations have identified as toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative and highly recalcitrant, being largely resistant to hydrolysis, photolysis, and biodegradation. PFAS were used in many products, including aqueous film- forming foams to combat chemical fires. The use of these foams at military and civilian fire training areas represents a common source of PFAS to the environment. They have been identified in surface waters and they persist in groundwater years after use and are mobile in the subsurface, contaminating and threatening drinking water supplies. As of 2014, the U.S. Department of Defense alone has identified 664 fire/crash/training sites alone that potentially have PFAS contamination. Thus, there is a critical need for a more cost-effective and in-situ remediation approach for remediating PFAS contaminated sites that will only increase in the coming years. Our team will further develop and demonstrate an innovative combined in-situ / ex-situ technology to cost-effectively expedite treatment of PFAS at Superfund sites. The proposed treatment train combines 1) a non-toxic cyclic sugar (CS) to flush sorbed PFAS from the in-situ soil, 2) extraction of the CS-PFAS complex with groundwater and treatment in a high efficiency (99+ % removal) ex-situ reactor that simultaneously degrades, removes, and concentrates (100-1000 times) the PFAS, 3) ultimate on-site destruction by alkaline ozonation (99+% removal), and 4) returns the treated water with low concentration CS amendment to injection wells for continued flushing. The ex-situ treatment reactor can also be used as pre-treatment to existing GAC. Bench scale tests will be used to evaluate those parameters needed to optimize PFAS desorption from soil, destruction of the extracted CS-PFAS complex in the ex-situ reactor, and ultimate destruction of the PFAS concentrate by alkaline ozonation. Batch soil column and small scale multi- staged diffused gas reactor experiments are planned. Test conditions include varying CS and oxidant concentrations, flowrates, pH, residence time, and PFAS removal rates. Design of a site-specific field pilot test for PFAS treatment with estimated costs will be prepared. 1

项目概要/摘要：土壤和地下水中的多氟烷基物质和全氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 目前的修复方法是提取受污染的地下水，通过吸附进行异位处理吸附到颗粒活性炭 (GAC) 或其他吸附剂上，仅将污染物转移到另一个吸附剂上仍需要处理的媒体。这是一个非常长期且昂贵的过程，因为 1) 通过地下水泵和处理 (P&T) 提取土壤上吸附的 PFAS 需要数十年的时间，以及 2) 必须经常更换碳和3）处理（通过高温再生或焚烧）成本高昂。此外，P&T 技术可能永远不会达到 EPA 健康建议浓度含水层。 PFAS 是 USEPA 和全球卫生组织认定的氟化人为污染物已被确定为有毒、持久性、生物累积性和高度顽固性，对水解、光解和生物降解。 PFAS 用于许多产品，包括水性薄膜- 形成泡沫来扑灭化学火灾。这些泡沫在军事和民用消防训练中的使用地区是环境中 PFAS 的常见来源。它们已在表面被识别它们在使用多年后仍然存在于地下水中，并在地下移动，污染并威胁饮用水供应。截至 2014 年，仅美国国防部就已仅识别出 664 个可能受到 PFAS 污染的火灾/坠机/培训地点。因此，有一个迫切需要一种更具成本效益的原位修复方法来修复 PFAS 受污染的地点在未来几年只会增加。我们的团队将进一步发展和展示创新的原位/异位组合技术，以经济有效地加快治疗速度超级基金站点的 PFAS。拟议的治疗系列结合了 1) 无毒环糖 (CS) 从原位土壤中冲洗掉吸附的 PFAS，2) 用地下水提取 CS-PFAS 复合物，在高效（去除率超过 99%）异位反应器中进行处理，同时降解、去除、并浓缩（100-1000倍）PFAS，3）通过碱性臭氧氧化最终进行现场破坏（99+% 去除率），4) 将含有低浓度 CS 改良剂的处理水返回注射液用于持续冲洗的井。异位处理反应器也可作为现有技术的预处理。广汽集团。实验室规模测试将用于评估优化 PFAS 所需的参数从土壤中解吸，在异位反应器中提取的 CS-PFAS 复合物被破坏，最终通过碱性臭氧氧化破坏 PFAS 浓缩物。批量土柱和小规模多计划进行分阶段扩散气体反应堆实验。测试条件包括不同的CS和氧化剂浓度、流速、pH、停留时间和 PFAS 去除率。特定场地的设计将准备 PFAS 处理试点测试并估算费用。 1