Online modulation of auditory brainstem responses to speech

听觉脑干对言语反应的在线调制

• 批准号: 9040920
• 负责人: Bharath Chandrasekaran
• 金额: $ 41.91万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9040920
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Adult; Age; Algorithms; Animal Model; Auditory; Auditory Brainstem Responses; Auditory area; Auditory system; Bayesian Modeling; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain Stem; Categories; Cell Nucleus; Chinese People; Clinical; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Dependence; Development; Electroencephalography; Exhibits; Feedback; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Health; Human; Inferior Colliculus; Knowledge; Language; Learning; Linguistics; Link; Measures; Medial geniculate body; Mediating; Methods; Midbrain structure; Modeling; Modification; Monitor; Nature; Neurobiology; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phase; Population; Probability; Procedures; Process; Research; Resolution; Role; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Stimulus; Stream; Testing; Theoretical model; Training; Work; auditory pathway; base; case control; design; deviant; experience; imaging modality; innovation; insight; language training; neural model; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; prediction algorithm; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sound; speech processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to use multimodal (functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG)) neuroimaging methods to examine the nature of linguistic and non-linguistic influences on brainstem encoding of speech signals in adults. In direct conflict with the concept of auditory brainstem nuclei as passive relay stations for behaviorally-relevant signals, recent studies have demonstrated active transformation of the signal, as represented in the auditory midbrain and brainstem. However, the mechanisms underlying such early sensory plasticity are unclear. In this proposal, an integrative model of subcortical auditory plasticity is posited (predictive tunin), which argues for a continuous, online modulation of bottom-up signals via corticofugal pathways, based on an algorithm that constantly anticipates incoming stimulus regularities, thereby transforming representation in the auditory pathway. This proposal utilizes cross-language and case-control designs and innovative EEG methods to directly address the role of brainstem circuitry in dynamic encoding of speech and test competing neural models (local modulation vs. predictive tuning). Causal influences (top-down vs. bottom-up) during speech processing will be tested using fMRI effective connectivity analyses. The proposed experiments will provide a comprehensive examination of mechanisms underlying brainstem plasticity and expand the understanding of the neurobiology of speech perception beyond the current corticocentric focus. Recent studies show that a number of clinical populations exhibit speech-encoding deficits at the level of the brainstem. The design and analysis methods developed in this proposal can be used to evaluate the locus (bottom-up versus top-down) of such encoding deficits.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是使用多模态（功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和脑电图（EEG））神经成像方法来检查语言和非语言对语音信号脑干编码的影响的本质。成年人。与听觉脑干核作为行为相关信号的被动中继站的概念直接冲突，最近的研究证明了信号的主动转换，如听觉中脑和脑干所代表的那样。然而，这种早期感觉可塑性的机制尚不清楚。在该提案中，提出了皮质下听觉可塑性的综合模型（预测性调节神经元），该模型主张通过皮质通路对自下而上的信号进行连续、在线的调制，基于一种不断预测传入刺激规律的算法，从而改变听觉表征听觉通路。该提案利用跨语言和病例对照设计以及创新的脑电图方法来直接解决脑干电路在语音动态编码中的作用并测试竞争神经模型（局部调制与预测调谐）。语音处理过程中的因果影响（自上而下与自下而上）将使用功能磁共振成像有效连接分析进行测试。拟议的实验将对脑干可塑性的潜在机制进行全面检查，并将对言语感知神经生物学的理解扩展到当前皮质中心焦点之外。最近的研究表明，许多临床人群在脑干水平上表现出语音编码缺陷。本提案中开发的设计和分析方法可用于评估此类编码缺陷的轨迹（自下而上与自上而下）。