On-line Measurement of the Capacity of Airborne Particulate Matter to Generate Reactive Oxygen Species

在线测量空气中颗粒物产生活性氧的能力

• 批准号: 9256228
• 负责人: Arantzazu Eiguren Fernandez
• 金额: $ 51.9万
• 依托单位: AEROSOL DYNAMICS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-01 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9256228
• 关键词: Address; Aerosols; Air Pollution; Airborne Particulate Matter; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animal Model; Area; Asthma; Atherosclerosis; Biological Assay; Breathing; Chemicals; Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease; Collection; Computer software; Country; Coupled; Custom; Data; Data Set; Detection; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Dithiothreitol; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Generations; Growth; Health; Hour; Human Biology; In Vitro; Laboratories; Lead; Link; Liquid substance; Measurement; Measures; Metals; Methods; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Oxidative Stress; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Performance; Phase; Physical condensation; Play; Procedures; Process; Protocols documentation; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reagent; Reporting; Reproducibility; Resolution; Sampling; Spottings; Suspensions; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Water; adverse outcome; ambient particle; base; biological adaptation to stress; chemical standard; cost; environmental agent; epidemiology study; field study; improved; in vitro Assay; in vivo; innovation; nervous system disorder; operation; particle; portability; prototype; response; sample collection

Project summary The oxidative capacity of airborne particulate matter has been correlated with the generation of oxidative stress both in-vitro and in-vivo. In recent years, epidemiological studies have associated damaged caused by cellular oxidative stress with several common diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Alzheimer's and other neurological diseases. Even though recent studies have identified short-term peaks in particulate matter exposures as important factors in health threat, currently available chemical and in- vitro assays to determine the oxidative capacity of ambient particles require large samples, and hence long sampling periods, typically 24 to 48 hours. Proposed is the development of an on-line monitor of the oxidative capacity of aerosols to provide on-line, time-resolved assessment of the capacity of airborne particles to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our approach combines a chemical module optimized in Phase I for on-line measurement of the oxidative capacity of aerosol, and our firm's new particle growth technology to collect particles directly into small volumes of liquid. The aerosol collector uses the water condensational growth technology that allows collection of particles as small as 10 nm into concentrated water suspensions with efficiencies >90%. The oxidative potential of the collected particles will be measured using the chemical assay commonly known as the DTT (dithiothreitol) assay. Our approach efficiently collects both soluble and insoluble constituents of particulate matter directly into a small volume of water, and analyzes this sample in-field to provide immediate, time-resolved analysis. The direct collection and rapid analysis also reduces artifacts associated with long filter collection periods and extraction. The ability to characterize the oxidative potential of aerosols accurately and in a time-resolved manner will provide a more complete data set for better assessing possible adverse outcomes related to oxidative stress responses resulting from exposure to ambient particulate matter. In Phase I, we demonstrated our approach by developing a laboratory prototype that was validated in the laboratory for reproducibility and sensitivity, and that successfully ran unattended for 3 days, providing 3-hour time resolution of the ROS capacity of ambient particulate matter. In Phase II, we will make a portable, robust and fully automated system for unattended field operation. Specific aims are: i) development of a compact and more sensitive version of our Phase I chemical module; ii) integration of this chemical module with an improved version of the commercially available Liquid Spot Sampler; iii) extension of analysis capability to distinguish the contribution of metals and organics to particle oxidative capacity; iv) demonstration of the system performance under field conditions.

项目摘要 空气颗粒物的氧化能力与氧化的产生有关 强调体外和体内的强调。近年来，流行病学研究已与 细胞氧化应激，有几种常见疾病，例如哮喘，慢性阻塞性肺疾病 （COPD），阿尔茨海默氏症和其他神经系统疾病。即使最近的研究已经确定了短期 颗粒物的峰值暴露是健康威胁的重要因素，目前可用的化学和内部。 体外测定确定环境颗粒的氧化能力需要大样品，因此很长 采样期，通常为24至48小时。 提出的是对气溶胶在线提供在线氧化能力的在线监视器的开发。 空气颗粒产生活性氧的能力的时间分辨评估 （ROS）。我们的方法结合了在I期中优化的化学模块，用于在线测量 气溶胶的氧化能力，以及我们公司的新颗粒生长技术，将颗粒直接收集到 少量液体。气溶胶收集器使用水冷凝生长技术，该技术允许 颗粒的收集至10 nm的颗粒效率> 90％。这 将使用通常称为的化学测定法测量收集到的颗粒的氧化潜力 DTT（Dithiothreitol）分析。我们的方法有效地收集了可溶性和不溶性的成分 颗粒物直接到一小撮水中，并分析该样品现场，以提供立即的现场 时间分辨分析。直接收集和快速分析还减少了与长滤器相关的伪影 收集期和提取。精确表征气溶胶的氧化潜力的能力和 以时间分辨的方式将提供更完整的数据集，以更好地评估可能的不利 与环境颗粒物有关的氧化应激反应有关的结果。 在第一阶段，我们通过开发一个实验室原型来证明我们的方法，该原型已在 可重现性和敏感性实验室，并成功运行了3天，提供了3天 环境颗粒物质的ROS容量的时间分辨率。在第二阶段，我们将制作一个便携式，健壮的 和全自动系统用于无人值守的现场操作。具体目的是：i）制定紧凑型和 我们的I期化学模块更敏感的版本； ii）将该化学模块与改进的整合 商业上可用的液态点采样器的版本； iii）扩展分析能力以区分 金属和有机物对颗粒氧化能力的贡献； iv）演示系统性能 在现场条件下。