Social-Structural Stressors, Resilience and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Black Men

黑人男性的社会结构压力、弹性和性风险行为

• 批准号: 9320641
• 负责人: Ingrid Alisa Bowleg
• 金额: $ 48.48万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-12 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9320641
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Advocacy; Age; Censuses; Communities; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Economic Factors; Epidemic; Focus Groups; Gender; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health; Imprisonment; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Philadelphia; Political Factor; Population; Population Intervention; Poverty; Prevention Research; Probability Samples; Process; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Recruitment Activity; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Sex Orientation; Sexual Partners; Societies; Socioeconomic Status; Structural Models; Testing; Trauma; Unemployment; Violence; Woman; base; black men who have sex with men; data visualization; health disparity; housing instability; innovation; male; men; men who have sex with men; multidisciplinary; multilevel analysis; protective behavior; psychologic; public health priorities; racial discrimination; resilience; sex; sex risk; social; stressor; theories; AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Advocacy; Age; Censuses; Communities; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Economic Factors; Epidemic; Focus Groups; Gender; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health; Imprisonment; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Philadelphia; Political Factor; Population; Population Intervention; Poverty; Prevention Research; Probability Samples; Process; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Recruitment Activity; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Sex Orientation; Sexual Partners; Societies; Socioeconomic Status; Structural Models; Testing; Trauma; Unemployment; Violence; Woman; base; black men who have sex with men; data visualization; health disparity; housing instability; innovation; male; men; men who have sex with men; multidisciplinary; multilevel analysis; protective behavior; psychologic; public health priorities; racial discrimination; resilience; sex; sex risk; social; stressor; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to exact a severe toll on Black men in the U.S. Although they represent just 14% of the male population, Black men accounted for 47% of HIV cases among men in 2009. The association between disproportionately high rates of HIV/AIDS in Black communities and social-structural factors such as poverty, neighborhood instability, and incarceration are well documented. Despite increasing advocacy for more social-structural approaches to HIV prevention however, considerable gaps in knowledge exist about how social structural stressors at the population-level and sociodemographic stressors at the individual-level (e.g., individual socioeconomic status, perceptions of racial discrimination) are associated with Black men's sexual HIV risk behaviors. There is also a dearth of knowledge about how resilience at both the neighborhood and individual-level may protect against Black men's sexual HIV risk behaviors. We propose a 5-year cross-sectional multiphase mixed methods study in Philadelphia, PA, in which we use geospatial analysis, qualitative methods, and multilevel quantitative modeling to refine and test a conceptual model of neighborhood-level social-structural stressors, individual-level sociodemographic stressors, psychological risk factors, neighborhood-level and individual-level resilience, and Black men's sexual HIV risk and protective behaviors. The study has 3 phases. Phase I includes focus groups to explore neighborhood-level social- structural stressors and resilience and to inform spatial data analyses of social-structural stressors (e.g., neighborhood poverty, neighborhood instability, crime) that may be associated with Black men's sexual HIV risk behaviors. Phase II involves the multilevel modeling of social-structural and sociodemographic stressors (e.g., individual SES), psychological risk factors, resilience, and sexual HIV risk and protective behaviors with a probability sample of 700 Black men between the ages of 18 and 44, of all sexual orientations, recruited from 100 Census block-groups. Phase III involves the integration of the study's results with spatial data visualization and culturally grounded explanations based on interviews with 30 Black men, followed by focus groups to confirm the study's interpretations. The expected outcome of this innovative study is that it will guide the development of structural interventions to reduce HIV incidence in Black men and their sexual partners regardless of the partners' gender. The overall positive impact of the research is that it will advance empirical knowledge about the multilevel social-structural stressors and resilience of Black men's lives with implications for reducing HIV incidence and other health disparities prevalent among Black men. The proposed study is highly responsive to the National HIV/AIDS Strategy's stated goals of reducing HIV incidence in Black men and women.

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to exact a severe toll on Black men in the U.S. Although they represent just 14% of the male population, Black men accounted for 47% of HIV cases among men in 2009. The association between disproportionately high rates of HIV/AIDS in Black communities and social-structural factors such as poverty, neighborhood instability, and incarceration are well documented.尽管越来越多地倡导对艾滋病毒预防的更社会结构的方法，但知识上存在相当大的差距，这些差距是关于人口水平和社会人口统计学压力源如何在个人级别的社会结构压力源（例如，个人社会经济地位，对种族歧视的个人看法）与黑人男性性HIV风险行为相关联。关于邻里和个人级别的韧性如何防止黑人的性艾滋病毒风险行为，也缺乏知识。我们在宾夕法尼亚州费城提出了一项为期5年的横截面多相混合方法研究，其中我们使用地理空间分析，定性方法和多层次定量建模来完善和测试社区级别社会结构压力的概念模型，个人级别的社会语言压力压力，社交风险因素，心理风险和个人级别的男性级别的兄弟级别和黑人级别的兄弟级别和黑人兄弟式，兄弟级别和黑人。该研究有3个阶段。第一阶段包括焦点小组，以探索社区级别的社会结构压力和韧性，并为可能与黑人男性性HIV风险行为相关的社会结构压力源（例如，邻里贫困，邻里不稳定，犯罪）的空间数据分析提供信息。第二阶段涉及社会结构和社会人口统计学压力源（例如个体SES），心理风险因素，韧性和性HIV风险以及保护行为的多层次建模，其概率样本为18和44岁之间的700名黑人男性，在所有性取向之间，在所有性取向中，从100个审查中招募了100个人口普计组。第三阶段涉及将研究结果与空间数据可视化的整合，并根据对30名黑人男性的访谈进行了文化扎根的解释，其次是焦点小组以确认研究的解释。这项创新研究的预期结果是，它将指导结构性干预措施的发展，以减少黑人及其性伴侣的艾滋病毒发病率，而不论伴侣的性别如何。这项研究的总体积极影响是，它将提高有关多层次的社会结构压力源和黑人生活的韧性的经验知识，对降低黑人男性普遍存在的艾滋病毒发病率和其他健康差异的影响。拟议的研究对国家艾滋病毒/艾滋病策略的既定目标都对减少黑人男性和女性的艾滋病毒发病率的目标有很高的反应。