Development of a benchtop x-ray fluorescence tomography system using a novel geom

使用新型几何体开发台式 X 射线荧光断层扫描系统

• 批准号: 9039591
• 负责人: Patrick Jean La Riviere
• 金额: $ 45.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9039591
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Algorithms; Alzheimer' s Disease; Biological; Brain; Cadmium; Calibration; Catalysis; Cells; Collimator; Compton radiation; Copper; Coupled; Data; Detection; Development; Devices; Discipline; Disease; Dose; Elements; Fluorescence; Genomics; Geometry; Goals; Health; Hepatolenticular Degeneration; Hour; Image; Imaging Techniques; Inborn Genetic Diseases; Individual; Ions; Iron; Kidney; Laboratories; Lead; Lighting; Liver; Maps; Measurement; Mercury; Metabolism; Metals; Methods; Monte Carlo Method; Mus; Noise; Organ; Parkinson Disease; Performance; Photons; Physics; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Radiation; Reaction; Resolution; Roentgen Rays; Role; Rotation; Sampling; Scanning; Scheme; Signal Transduction; Source; Specimen; Staging; Synchrotrons; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Tissue Sample; Trace Elements; Trace metal; Translations; Tube; X-Ray Computed Tomography; Zinc; attenuation; base; design; detector; flexibility; imaging system; improved; in vivo; instrument; interest; novel; operation; quantitative imaging; quantum; synchrotron radiation; tomography; tool; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this proposal is to construct, optimize, and test a bench top x-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) system based on a promising new geometry we have recently developed and validated using synchrotron radiation. The novel geometry involves pencil-beam x-ray illumination of the sample coupled with slit collimation of a position- and energy-sensitive fluorescence x-ray detector. This allows for direct acquisition of the distribution of elements along the illuminated line without solving an ill-posed inverse problem. While the technology has the potential to be used in vivo, our aim in this proposal is to perform very high quality ex-vivo imaging of trace metals in biological samples. Many endogenous metals and metal ions, such as iron, copper, and zinc, play critical roles in signal transduction and reaction catalysis, while others, such as mercury, cadmium, and lead, are quite toxic even in trace quantities. In the post-genomic era, the new disciplines of metallogenomics, metalloproteomics, and metallomics are emerging for the systematic study of endogenous metals. These disciplines would benefit greatly from the spatially resolved maps of trace-element distribution and speciation provided by the methods being explored in the proposal. We seek to construct a system that can image sub-centimeter specimens (such as mouse organs) at 100 micron spatial resolution, with reasonable imaging times (~ 1-4 hours) and at radiation doses below damage threshold. The specific aims of the proposal are: Aim 1: The system design will be optimized for sensitivity using analytic and Monte Carlo-based tools Aim 2: A benchtop XFCT system will be fabricated Aim 3: Calibration procedures and image formation algorithms will be developed Aim 4: The system will be tested on phantoms and samples of biological interest

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案的目标是构建、优化和测试台式 X 射线荧光计算机断层扫描 (XFCT) 系统，该系统基于我们最近使用同步加速器辐射开发和验证的有前途的新几何结构。新颖的几何结构涉及样品的笔形束 X 射线照明以及位置和能量敏感荧光 X 射线探测器的狭缝准直。这允许直接 获取沿照明线的元素分布，无需解决不适定问题 逆问题。虽然该技术具有在体内使用的潜力，但我们本提案的目标是对生物样品中的痕量金属进行非常高质量的离体成像。 许多内源性金属和金属离子，如铁、铜和锌，在信号转导和反应催化中发挥着关键作用，而其他金属和金属离子，如汞、镉和铅，即使是微量也具有相当的毒性。后基因组时代，用于系统研究内源金属的金属基因组学、金属蛋白质组学和金属组学等新学科正在兴起。这些学科将从提案中探索的方法提供的痕量元素分布和形态形成的空间解析图中受益匪浅。 我们寻求构建一个能够以 100 微米空间分辨率、合理的成像时间（约 1-4 小时）和低于损伤阈值的辐射剂量对亚厘米样本（例如小鼠器官）进行成像的系统。该提案的具体目标是： 目标 1：将使用分析和基于蒙特卡罗的工具优化系统设计的灵敏度 目标 2：将制造台式 XFCT 系统 目标 3：将开发校准程序和图像形成算法 目标4：系统将在具有生物学意义的模型和样本上进行测试