Development of a benchtop x-ray fluorescence tomography system using a novel geom

使用新型几何体开发台式 X 射线荧光断层扫描系统

• 批准号: 9039591
• 负责人: Patrick Jean La Riviere
• 金额: $ 45.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9039591
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Algorithms; Alzheimer' s Disease; Biological; Brain; Cadmium; Calibration; Catalysis; Cells; Collimator; Compton radiation; Copper; Coupled; Data; Detection; Development; Devices; Discipline; Disease; Dose; Elements; Fluorescence; Genomics; Geometry; Goals; Health; Hepatolenticular Degeneration; Hour; Image; Imaging Techniques; Inborn Genetic Diseases; Individual; Ions; Iron; Kidney; Laboratories; Lead; Lighting; Liver; Maps; Measurement; Mercury; Metabolism; Metals; Methods; Monte Carlo Method; Mus; Noise; Organ; Parkinson Disease; Performance; Photons; Physics; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Radiation; Reaction; Resolution; Roentgen Rays; Role; Rotation; Sampling; Scanning; Scheme; Signal Transduction; Source; Specimen; Staging; Synchrotrons; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Tissue Sample; Trace Elements; Trace metal; Translations; Tube; X-Ray Computed Tomography; Zinc; attenuation; base; design; detector; flexibility; imaging system; improved; in vivo; instrument; interest; novel; operation; quantitative imaging; quantum; synchrotron radiation; tomography; tool; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this proposal is to construct, optimize, and test a bench top x-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) system based on a promising new geometry we have recently developed and validated using synchrotron radiation. The novel geometry involves pencil-beam x-ray illumination of the sample coupled with slit collimation of a position- and energy-sensitive fluorescence x-ray detector. This allows for direct acquisition of the distribution of elements along the illuminated line without solving an ill-posed inverse problem. While the technology has the potential to be used in vivo, our aim in this proposal is to perform very high quality ex-vivo imaging of trace metals in biological samples. Many endogenous metals and metal ions, such as iron, copper, and zinc, play critical roles in signal transduction and reaction catalysis, while others, such as mercury, cadmium, and lead, are quite toxic even in trace quantities. In the post-genomic era, the new disciplines of metallogenomics, metalloproteomics, and metallomics are emerging for the systematic study of endogenous metals. These disciplines would benefit greatly from the spatially resolved maps of trace-element distribution and speciation provided by the methods being explored in the proposal. We seek to construct a system that can image sub-centimeter specimens (such as mouse organs) at 100 micron spatial resolution, with reasonable imaging times (~ 1-4 hours) and at radiation doses below damage threshold. The specific aims of the proposal are: Aim 1: The system design will be optimized for sensitivity using analytic and Monte Carlo-based tools Aim 2: A benchtop XFCT system will be fabricated Aim 3: Calibration procedures and image formation algorithms will be developed Aim 4: The system will be tested on phantoms and samples of biological interest

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的目的是基于我们最近使用Synchrotron辐射开发和验证的有希望的新几何形状，构建，优化和测试台式X射线X射线荧光计算机断层扫描（XFCT）系统。新颖的几何形状涉及样品的铅笔梁X射线照明，并与位置和能量敏感的荧光X射线检测器的缝隙准直缝相结合。这允许直接 在未解决的情况下，沿发光线的分布获取元素的分布 逆问题。尽管该技术有可能在体内使用，但我们在该提案中的目的是对生物样品中的微量金属进行非常高质量的前体成像。 许多内源性金属和金属离子（例如铁，铜和锌）在信号转导和反应催化中起关键作用，而其他汞，镉和铅等其他内源离子也具有很大的毒性。在基因组时代，金属学，金属蛋白质组学和金属素学的新学科正在出现，以进行内源金属的系统研究。这些学科将从提案中探索的方法提供的痕量元素分布和物种形成的空间解析图中受益匪浅。 我们寻求构建一个可以以100微米空间分辨率的次级中心标本（例如小鼠器官）的系统，具有合理的成像时间（〜1-4小时）和辐射剂量低于损伤阈值。该提案的具体目的是：AIM 1：使用分析和基于蒙特卡洛的工具AIM 2：将对敏感性进行优化，AIM 2：将制造出台式XFCT系统的AIM 3：将开发校准程序和图像形成算法目标AIM 4：将对系统和生物学利益进行测试。