Mechanisms limiting visual performance in retinal degenerations

视网膜变性中限制视觉表现的机制

• 批准号: 8335376
• 负责人: James JASON McAnany
• 金额: $ 23.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8335376
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Blindness; Cell Transplantation; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Contrast Sensitivity; Development; Disease; Disease Progression; Frequencies; Future; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Individual; Letters; Mediating; Methodology; Noise; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patients; Process; Research; Retinal; Retinal Cone; Retinal Degeneration; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Signal Transduction; Source; Stimulus; System; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Vision; Visual; Visual Pathways; Visual system structure; Work; base; improved; insight; novel; programs; visual performance

The overall goal of this research program is to develop novel methodologies with enhanced sensitivity for use in evaluating visual function, assessing the efficacy of therapeutic interventions, and providing new insight into the underlying causes of vision loss in ocular diseases. The goal of this proposal is to identify the mechanisms that form the basis for the spatial contrast sensitivity deficits observed in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), a group of hereditaty retinal degenerations that are that are the most common genetic cause of blindness in adults. This goal Will be achieved by completing two specific aims: Aim 1 is to develop a computerimplemented vlsual-riolse-based testing strategy. Visual-noise-based techniques can provide more information than standard clinical tests because perfomnance is factored into the components that govern contrast sensitivity. However, several issues regarding visual-noise-based approaches have been identified in pilot work that must be resolved. Aim 2 will apply the novel testing strategy to individuals with RP to test three distinct, non-mutually exclusive hypotheses regarding tiie factors underlying their contrast sensitivity losses: patients with RP have elevated levels of additive noise within the visual pathway, patients with RP have elevated levels of multiplicative noise within the visual pathway, or patients with RP have an Inability to extract signal information from the noise. In addition to providing a better understanding ofthe source of contrast sensitivity losses In patients with RP, this research will yield a sensitive technique that will be useful for evaluating the efficacy of future therapeutic interventions in a variety of ocular disorders. The development of more sensitive metfiods of assessing visual function, such as that proposed here, is becoming increasingly important as gene-directed therapies and retinal cell transplantation therapies begin to enter clinical trials.

该研究计划的总体目标是开发具有更高使用敏感性的新颖方法 评估视觉功能，评估治疗干预的功效，并提供新的见解 眼部疾病导致视力丧失的根本原因。该提案的目标是确定机制 这构成了在色素性视网膜炎患者中观察到的空间对比敏感度缺陷的基础 (RP)，一组遗传性视网膜变性，是导致失明的最常见遗传原因 在成人中。这一目标将通过完成两个具体目标来实现：目标 1 是开发一个计算机实现的 基于视觉的测试策略。基于视觉噪声的技术可以提供更多信息 优于标准临床测试，因为性能已纳入控制对比度的组成部分 敏感性。然而，在试点中已经发现了有关基于视觉噪声的方法的几个问题 必须解决的工作。目标 2 将新颖的测试策略应用于具有 RP 的个人来测试三项 关于其对比敏感度损失背后的因素的不同的、非互斥的假设： RP 患者视觉通路内的附加噪声水平升高，RP 患者 视觉通路内的乘性噪声水平升高，或者 RP 患者无法提取 从噪声中获取信号信息。除了提供对对比度来源的更好理解之外 敏感性丧失 对于 RP 患者，这项研究将产生一种敏感性技术，可用于 评估未来治疗干预措施对各种眼部疾病的功效。的发展 评估视觉功能的更灵敏的方法（例如这里提出的方法）正变得越来越多 随着基因定向疗法和视网膜细胞移植疗法开始进入临床试验，这一点很重要。