Diverging Marijuana Use Trajectories in Black & White Men: Antecedents & Outcomes

黑色大麻使用轨迹的分歧

基本信息

批准号：
8824501
负责人：
STEPHANIE D STEPP
金额：
$ 21.65万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-04-01 至 2018-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8824501
关键词：
Accounting Address Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent marijuana use Adult Age Alcohol consumption Alcohol or Other Drugs use Behavior Brain Childhood Chronic Cues Data Data Collection Development Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Emotional Emotions Event Frequencies Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Grant Health Heavy Drinking Illicit Drugs Impairment Individual Intervention Interview Life Link Literature Longitudinal Studies Magnetic Resonance Imaging Marijuana Marriage Medical Mental Health Methods National Institute of Drug Abuse Neurobiology Outcome Paper Participant Pattern Prevalence Prevention Principal Investigator Process Public Policy Race Recording of previous events Recruitment Activity Relative (related person)Rewards Risk Risk Factors Sampling Schools Source Structure Subgroup Teenagers Thick Time Tobacco use Violence Youth anti social antisocial behavior base boys cohort design deviant early adolescence emerging adult follow-up gray matter illegal behavior male marijuana legalization marijuana use marijuana user men neuroimaging peer prevent programs prospective psychosocial psychosocial adjustment racial difference response social socioeconomics white matter young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Marijuana is the most commonly used and abused illicit drug in the U.S. The prevalence of marijuana use (MU) increases across adolescence, peaks in the early 20s, and gradually declines thereafter. However, there is considerable individual variability in developmental trajectories of MU, with some adolescents continuing to use marijuana into early adulthood and others desisting from MU over time. While several studies have examined factors that predict MU during adolescence, little is known about the processes that promote or hinder desistance from MU into adulthood. Additionally, few studies have characterized the adverse adult outcomes associated with divergent trajectories of MU, including potential impairments in brain structure and function that may result from frequent use in adolescence. Moreover, most studies on teen MU have focused on predominately White samples, making it unclear whether the findings can be extrapolated to Black teens. This proposal will address these limitations by leveraging data from the Pittsburgh Youth Study (PYS), a prospective longitudinal study that includes 1009 boys in two cohorts followed from childhood (age 6) or early adolescence (age 12) into young adulthood (age 28 or 35). The aims are to: 1) Characterize the developmental course of MU from adolescence to adulthood and examine the risk/protective factors and early adult positive life events that influence MU in Black and White males; 2) Document the link between different developmental trajectories of MU and adult psychosocial adjustment in Black and White males; and 3) Examine the association between frequent adolescent MU and abnormalities in brain structure and function in adulthood. State-of-the-art analysis will identify varying trajectories of MU from early adolescence to adulthood. Path analysis will assess the processes by which early antisocial risk and pro social protective factors influence trajectories of MU, and determine whether positive adult life events influence deviations from ongoing MU trajectories. The adverse adult psychosocial outcomes associated with developmental patterns of MU will also be delineated. Across these analyses, we will explore potential differences in the patterns, precursors, and outcomes associated with MU in Black males relative to Whites, including examining what factors may help explain racial differences in MU. Finally, using a subsample of PYS youth who participated in a neuroimaging study (N=171), we will determine whether frequent adolescent MU is associated with gray and white matter brain abnormalities in adulthood, and brain function deficits while processing emotional cues and receiving rewards. The pioneering papers generated from this project will help to identify developmentally salient and culturally appropriate risk/protective factors that should be targeted by programs designed to prevent chronic MU. They will also elucidate the potential negative psychosocial and neurobiological consequences associated with different trajectories of MU, which can be incorporated into motivational enhancement interventions for marijuana using teens and inform public policies regarding the legalization of marijuana for medical use.

描述（由申请人提供）：大麻是美国最常用和滥用的非法药物。大麻使用率 (MU) 在青春期逐渐增加，在 20 岁出头达到顶峰，此后逐渐下降。然而，MU 的发展轨迹存在相当大的个体差异，一些青少年在成年早期继续吸食大麻，而另一些青少年则随着时间的推移而停止使用 MU。虽然有几项研究探讨了青春期 MU 的预测因素，但对于促进或阻碍成年期 MU 停止的过程知之甚少。此外，很少有研究描述与 MU 不同轨迹相关的成人不良后果，包括青春期频繁使用可能导致的大脑结构和功能潜在损伤。此外，大多数关于青少年 MU 的研究主要集中在白人样本上，因此尚不清楚这些研究结果是否可以推断到黑人青少年。该提案将通过利用匹兹堡青少年研究 (PYS) 的数据来解决这些局限性，该研究是一项前瞻性纵向研究，包括两个队列中的 1009 名男孩，从童年（6 岁）或青春期早期（12 岁）到青年期（28 岁或35）。目的是：1) 描述从青春期到成年的 MU 发展过程，并检查影响黑人 MU 的风险/保护因素和成年早期积极生活事件和白人男性； 2) 记录黑人和白人男性的 MU 不同发展轨迹与成年心理社会调整之间的联系； 3) 检查青少年频繁出现 MU 与成年期大脑结构和功能异常之间的关联。最先进的分析将确定从青春期早期到成年的不同 MU 轨迹。路径分析将评估早期反社会风险和亲社会保护因素影响 MU 轨迹的过程，并确定积极的成年生活事件是否会影响当前 MU 轨迹的偏差。还将描述与 MU 发育模式相关的不良成人心理社会结果。在这些分析中，我们将探讨黑人男性相对于白人与 MU 相关的模式、前兆和结果的潜在差异，包括研究哪些因素可能有助于解释 MU 的种族差异。最后，使用参与神经影像学研究的 PYS 青少年子样本 (N=171)，我们将确定频繁的青少年 MU 是否与成年期灰质和白质大脑异常以及处理情绪线索和接受奖励时的大脑功能缺陷有关。该项目产生的开创性论文将有助于确定发展上显着且文化上适当的风险/保护因素，这些因素应成为旨在预防慢性 MU 的计划的目标。他们还将阐明与 MU 不同轨迹相关的潜在负面心理社会和神经生物学后果，这些后果可以纳入青少年吸食大麻的动机增强干预措施中，并为有关医用大麻合法化的公共政策提供信息。