Impact of Air Pollution, Weather, and Lifestyle on Health in Older Americans

空气污染、天气和生活方式对美国老年人健康的影响

• 批准号: 8852127
• 负责人: Helen Suh
• 金额: $ 31.03万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8852127
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Age; Aging; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; American; Anxiety; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Physiology; Cardiovascular system; Characteristics; Chemicals; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Databases; Diabetes Mellitus; Discipline; Disease; Disease Progression; Elderly; Emotional; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Future; Glycosylated Hemoglobin; Glycosylated hemoglobin A; Happiness; Health; Health Status; Hemoglobin concentration result; Home environment; Hypertension; Individual; Inflammation; Intervention; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Life; Life Style; Link; Location; Longitudinal Surveys; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Medicine; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Ozone; Participant; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiological; Pollution; Population; Prediabetes syndrome; Predisposition; Principal Investigator; Process; Proteins; Public Health; Quality of life; Questionnaires; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Reduction; Safety; Social Mobility; Spouses; Statistical Methods; Stress; Techniques; Temperature; Testing; Time; Weather; Work; aged; base; climate change; cognitive function; cohort; design; experience; extreme temperature; health data; indexing; innovation; member; novel; particle; physical conditioning; psychologic; residence; response; social; statistics; stressor; Accounting; Address; Age; Aging; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; American; Anxiety; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Physiology; Cardiovascular system; Characteristics; Chemicals; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Databases; Diabetes Mellitus; Discipline; Disease; Disease Progression; Elderly; Emotional; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Future; Glycosylated Hemoglobin; Glycosylated hemoglobin A; Happiness; Health; Health Status; Hemoglobin concentration result; Home environment; Hypertension; Individual; Inflammation; Intervention; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Life; Life Style; Link; Location; Longitudinal Surveys; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Medicine; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Ozone; Participant; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiological; Pollution; Population; Prediabetes syndrome; Predisposition; Principal Investigator; Process; Proteins; Public Health; Quality of life; Questionnaires; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Reduction; Safety; Social Mobility; Spouses; Statistical Methods; Stress; Techniques; Temperature; Testing; Time; Weather; Work; aged; base; climate change; cognitive function; cohort; design; experience; extreme temperature; health data; indexing; innovation; member; novel; particle; physical conditioning; psychologic; residence; response; social; statistics; stressor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): 1) Study Objectives: Our study will examine the individual and joint impacts of air quality and lifestyle on cardiovascular and cognitive health in the elderly and will assess whether these impacts are modified by social and neighborhood factors using data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), a nationally representative, on-going, longitudinal survey of the elderly. NSHAP data include participant-specific information on a variety of demographic, health, social, psychological, and physiological markers, including residence location, health biomarkers, mobility, social connectedness, stress, health status, and cognitive function. These factors were assessed for each participant in two waves, in 2005-2006 and in 2011. We will link NSHAP data to daily and monthly PM2.5, ozone, temperature exposures that will be estimated using well- validated GIS- and satellite-based spatio-temporal models. In so doing, we will create a progressive, detailed and comprehensive record of the exposure, health, and well-being of each participant. We will use these data to achieve four aims: to (1) examine the relationship among air quality, lifestyle, emotional, physical, and functional health; (2) assess whether short term air pollution and temperature exposures are associated with increased blood pressure and c-reactive protein; (3) evaluate relationships between long-term air quality and impaired cognitive function and stress, and (4) investigate whether the cardiovascular and cognitive function response to air pollution is modified by social, neighborhood, and health factors. 2) Study Approach: We will compile individual-specific health, lifestyle and health data for over 3,000 NSHAP participants living across the US. We will link these data to neighborhood characteristics and to daily and monthly air pollutant exposures and temperature estimated using GIS-based spatio-temporal models. We will test our aims using our linked health, lifestyle, neighborhood, and exposure data and standard and novel data analysis methods, including multi-level mixed models, kernel regression machine, mediation analyses, and hierarchical regression techniques, controlling for confounders and multiple testing adjustment. Primary analyses will be performed for air pollution and temperature measures. 3) Expected Results: We will provide new, national evidence of air quality- and lifestyle-mediated risks of poor cardiovascular and cognitive health for our nation's elderly, a large and growing population who may be particularly susceptible to air pollution exposures, extreme temperatures, and social stressors. Results will help to assess susceptibility to pollution and climate change and determine important biological and sociological pathways through which air quality damages cardiovascular and cognitive health. In so doing, our study will help decision-makers address margin of safety issues, examine the individual and joint impacts of air pollution, climate change, and lifestyle on an aging US population, and design intervention strategies to reduce these risks.

描述（由申请人提供）：1）研究目标：我们的研究将研究空气质量和生活方式对心血管和认知健康的个人和共同影响 老年人将使用国家社会生活，健康和衰老项目（NSHAP）的数据来评估这些影响是否通过社会和邻里因素来修改，这是对老年人的全国代表，持续的，持续的纵向调查。 NSHAP数据包括有关各种人口，健康，社会，心理和生理标记的参与者特定信息，包括居住地点，健康生物标志物，流动性，社会联系，压力，健康状况和认知功能。在2005 - 2006年和2011年，对每个参与者的两个参与者评估了这些因素。我们将使用良好的基于​​验证的GIS和基于卫星的时空模型将NSHAP数据与每日和每月PM2.5（臭氧，温度暴露）联系起来。通过这样做，我们将创建一个渐进，详尽且全面的记录，以了解每个参与者的敞口，健康和福祉。我们将使用这些数据实现四个目标：（1）检查空气质量，生活方式，情感，身体和功能健康之间的关系； （2）评估短期空气污染和温度暴露是否与血压升高和C反应蛋白有关； （3）评估长期空气质量与认知功能和压力受损之间的关系，以及（4）研究心血管和认知功能对空气污染的反应是否通过社会，邻里和健康因素来改变。 2）研究方法：我们将针对居住在美国各地的3,000多名NSHAP参与者编辑个人特定的健康，生活方式和健康数据。我们将这些数据与邻里特征以及使用基于GIS基于GIS的时空模型估算的每日和每月空气污染物的暴露和温度联系起来。我们将使用链接的健康，生活方式，邻里和曝光数据以及标准和新型数据分析方法（包括多级混合模型，内核回归机，中介分析和分层回归技术，控制混杂因素和多个测试调整）来测试我们的目标。将对空气污染和温度度量进行主要分析。 3）预期的结果：我们将为我们国家的老年人提供空气质量和生活方式介导的心血管和认知健康风险的新证据，这是一个众多的，不断增长的人口，可能特别容易受到空气污染的暴露，极端温度和社会压力。结果将有助于评估污染和气候变化的易感性，并确定重要的生物学和社会学途径，通过这些途径，空气质量会损害心血管和认知健康。这样一来，我们的研究将有助于决策者解决安全问题的余地，检查空气污染，气候变化和生活方式对美国老龄化的人群的个人和关节影响，以及设计干预策略以降低这些风险。