A CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISON OF EVIDENCE-BASED PREVENTION OF CANCER

循证癌症预防的跨国比较

• 批准号: 8707725
• 负责人: Ross C Brownson
• 金额: $ 19.94万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-10 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8707725
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adoption; Affect; Australia; Awareness; Brazil; Build-it; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Characteristics; China; Chronic Disease; Climate; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Country; Data; Databases; Decision Making; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Disease; Economics; Educational workshop; Epidemiology; Equation; Evidence based intervention; Evidence based practice; Factor Analysis; Foundations; Future; Goals; Health; Heart Diseases; Income; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Literature; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Patient Self-Report; Peer Review; Performance; Policies; Policy Maker; Population; Practice Management; Process; Property; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Quality of life; Research; Research Personnel; Risk Factors; Sampling; Science; Staging; Stroke; Structure; Surveys; Testing; Translations; United States; Work; base; cancer prevention; contextual factors; disorder risk; dissemination research; economic cost; effective intervention; evidence base; experience; improved; informant; information gathering; innovation; instrument; mortality; preference; premature; prevent; public health relevance; research study; success; text searching; tool; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Background. Cancer and other chronic diseases (e.g., heart disease, stroke) account for the majority of premature death, reductions in quality of life, and economic costs. The burden due to these diseases is preventable through the application of the practice of evidence-based cancer prevention (EBCP). To achieve success on preventing cancer through EBCP, public health practitioners and policy-makers need evidence- based information. However, little is currently known about how contextual differences might affect the transfer and translation of evidence-based interventions within and across countries. Goal. Our primary goal is to understand contextual similarities and differences in EBCP in the United States, Australia, Brazil and China. Methods. To advance dissemination science, we will use mixed (triangulated) methods across four countries to set the stage for a larger, cross-national study. This project has two parts. Aim 1 uses qualitative method to understand the contextual factors influencing EBCP (i.e., factors at the individual, agency, community, sociocultural, and political/economic levels). To achieve this objective we will develop semi-structured interviews with key informants from each country covering six major domains: 1) biographical information and experience; 2) awareness of the existence of evidence-based interventions; 3) administrative support for EBCP; 4) political climate and support for EBCP; 5) key networks and partnerships to support evidence-based decision making; and 6) dissemination strategies that would further EBCP. A goal of 12 to 24 interviews per country (total = 48-96) will be used to achieve content saturation. The contextual information gathered from Aim 1 will be used to develop an Aim 2 quantitative tool for assessing EBCP that is reliable and valid and can be used across multiple countries. To develop the content, we will search for existing instruments covering our domains and target audiences using major peer-reviewed data bases. In addition to formal literature searching, we will conduct snowball sampling with our core research team. Using the evidence obtained in the previous stage, we will develop a survey instrument, which will undergo (test-retest) reliability testing in a sample of 50 individuas from each country (total = 200) followed by factor analysis using structural equation models and testing of internal consistency (n = 100 per country; total = 400). Dissemination and innovations. Results of this project will be disseminated widely to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers. This research is innovative by working in real world settings, developing new dissemination measures, and conducting the first cross-country study of its kind. Findings from the proposed study will form the foundation of a larger, cross-country study. This future project would examine the impact of various dissemination strategies (e.g., workshops, technical assistance) that will be identified in the proposed study.

描述（由申请人提供）：背景。癌症和其他慢性疾病（例如心脏病、中风）是过早死亡、生活质量下降的主要原因 生命成本和经济成本。通过应用循证癌症预防 (EBCP) 实践，可以预防这些疾病造成的负担。为了通过 EBCP 成功预防癌症，公共卫生从业者和政策制定者需要基于证据的信息。然而，目前人们对背景差异如何影响国家内部和国家之间循证干预措施的转移和转化知之甚少。 目标。我们的主要目标是了解美国、澳大利亚、巴西和中国 EBCP 的背景异同。 方法。为了推进传播科学，我们将在四个国家使用混合（三角）方法，为更大规模的跨国研究奠定基础。该项目有两个部分。目标 1 使用定性方法来了解影响 EBCP 的背景因素（即个人、机构、社区、社会文化和政治/经济层面的因素）。为了实现这一目标，我们将对来自每个国家的主要知情人进行半结构化访谈，涵盖六个主要领域：1）传记信息和经验； 2）认识到基于证据的干预措施的存在； 3）EBCP的行政支持； 4) 政治气氛和对 EBCP 的支持； 5) 支持循证决策的关键网络和伙伴关系； 6) 进一步推进 EBCP 的传播策略。每个国家 12 至 24 次采访（总数 = 48-96）的目标将用于实现内容饱和。从目标 1 收集的背景信息将用于开发目标 2 定量工具，用于评估 EBCP，该工具可靠、有效，并且可在多个国家使用。为了开发内容，我们将使用主要的同行评审数据库来搜索涵盖我们领域和目标受众的现有工具。除了正式的文献检索外，我们还将与我们的核心研究团队一起进行滚雪球抽样。利用前一阶段获得的证据，我们将开发一个调查工具，该工具将在每个国家的 50 个人样本（总数 = 200）中进行（重测）可靠性测试，然后使用结构方程模型进行因子分析并进行测试内部一致性（每个国家 n = 100；总数 = 400）。传播和创新。该项目的结果将广泛传播给研究人员、从业者和政策制定者。这项研究具有创新性，它立足于现实世界，制定了新的传播措施，并进行了首次此类跨国研究。拟议研究的结果将构成更大规模的跨国研究的基础。未来的项目将研究拟议研究中确定的各种传播策略（例如研讨会、技术援助）的影响。