Neurobiology of Mothering and Infant Stress

母亲和婴儿压力的神经生物学

基本信息

批准号：
8818212
负责人：
Patricia Ellen Grant
金额：
$ 70.83万
依托单位：
MCLEAN HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-04-10 至 2020-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8818212
关键词：
1 year old Accounting Adult Affect Age-Months Age-Years Alcoholism Amygdaloid structure Behavior Behavior assessment Behavioral Biological Markers Boston Brain Brain imaging Brain region Child Child Abuse Child Abuse and Neglect Child Rearing Childhood Chronic Chronic stress Circadian Rhythms Communication Conflict (Psychology)Data Depression and Suicide Development Drug abuse Exposure to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Grant Hair Health Health Expenditures Hippocampus (Brain)Home environment Hormones Human Hydrocortisone Hypertrophy Impairment Infant Infant Care Infant Development Intervention Lead Life Link Low income Maternal Behavior Measures Medial Mediating Medical Mental disorders Methods Modeling Mothers Neonatal Neurobiology Neurosecretory Systems Outcome Parents Pediatric Hospitals Perinatal Plant Roots Play Population Attributable Risks Principal Investigator Process Psychosocial Factor Psychosocial Stress Recording of previous events Recruitment Activity Regulation Research Risk Role Series Shapes Stress Structure Symptoms System Testing Time Work acute stress addiction adverse outcome behavioral outcome biological adaptation to stress clinically relevant design early experience high risk indexing infancy infant outcome interest intergenerational maltreatment maternal stress neuroimaging offspring postnatal preempt prenatal prenatal stress programs public health relevance response transmission process young adult

1 year old Accounting Adult Affect Age-Months Age-Years Alcoholism Amygdaloid structure Behavior Behavior assessment Behavioral Biological Markers Boston Brain Brain imaging Brain region Child Child Abuse Child Abuse and Neglect Child Rearing Childhood Chronic Chronic stress Circadian Rhythms Communication Conflict (Psychology)Data Depression and Suicide Development Drug abuse Exposure to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Grant Hair Health Health Expenditures Hippocampus (Brain)Home environment Hormones Human Hydrocortisone Hypertrophy Impairment Infant Infant Care Infant Development Intervention Lead Life Link Low income Maternal Behavior Measures Medial Mediating Medical Mental disorders Methods Modeling Mothers Neonatal Neurobiology Neurosecretory Systems Outcome Parents Pediatric Hospitals Perinatal Plant Roots Play Population Attributable Risks Principal Investigator Process Psychosocial Factor Psychosocial Stress Recording of previous events Recruitment Activity Regulation Research Risk Role Series Shapes Stress Structure Symptoms System Testing Time Work acute stress addiction adverse outcome behavioral outcome biological adaptation to stress clinically relevant design early experience high risk indexing infancy infant outcome interest intergenerational maltreatment maternal stress neuroimaging offspring postnatal preempt prenatal prenatal stress programs public health relevance response transmission process young adult

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项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Childhood adversity accounts for 50-75% of the population attributable risk for alcoholism, drug abuse, depression, and suicide. Recent work has also documented enduring effects of childhood maltreatment on adult neurobiology, including alterations in cortical and limbic structures and reprogramming of HPA-axis mediated stress responses. Notably missing, however, is an understanding of how the potential neurobiological sequelae of chronic childhood adversity shape the vital adult activity of caring for an infant, and how this in turn affects early brain development. The proposed program of research seeks, for the first time, to link processes across neurobiological, neuroendocrine, and behavioral levels to examine how the impact of early adversity is conveyed from mother to child, among 150 mothers and their infants. To accomplish these aims the program is led by multiple principal investigators with specific expertise in: (1) mother-infant communication; (2) neurobiological effects of childhood abuse and (3) neonatal neuroimaging. The first aim of the study is to assess whether adversity- related alterations in structure, function or connectivity of maternal brain regions critical to stress regulation, including the amygdala, hippocampus/subiculum, and medial orbitofrontal cortex (MOFC), are associated with differences in maternal stress response during an in-scanner psychosocial stress challenge. The second aim is to assess whether childhood adversity is associated with differences in mother's interactions with their infants at 4 and 12 months of age. Finally, we will assess longitudinally the degree to which maternal disrupted communication leads to impairments in infant stress regulation, amygdala hypertrophy and altered functional connectivity at one year of age. A substudy will also evaluate the contribution of prenatal factors including acute and chronic stress hormone measures, maternal psychiatric symptomatology and partner conflict. Childhood adversity and disrupted parenting are the root preventable causes for a host of medical and psychiatric disorders including addiction that result in billions of dollars in health care expenditures. A detailed understanding of underlying mechanisms, critical time points, and mediating factors is necessary to design targeted interventions to preempt the adverse consequences of early adversity. The proposed program of research will provide data on potential early biomarkers for infant risk that are much more specific than broad maternal psychosocial factors and could lead to earlier and more effective identification of, and intervention in, risk-related developmental trajectories.

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童逆境占酒精中毒，滥用药物，抑郁和自杀风险的50-75％。最近的工作还记录了儿童虐待对成人神经生物学的持久影响，包括皮质和边缘结构的改变以及HPA轴介导的应激反应的重编程。然而，值得注意的是，人们对慢性儿童逆境潜在的神经生物学后遗症的理解塑造了照顾婴儿的重要成人活性，以及这又如何影响早期大脑发育。拟议的研究计划首次寻求将神经生物学，神经内分泌和行为水平之间的过程联系起来，以研究如何在150位母亲及其婴儿中从母亲到孩子的早期逆境的影响。为了实现这些目标，该计划由多个主要研究人员领导，具有特定专业知识：（1）母亲交流；（2）儿童虐待和（3）新生儿神经影像学的神经生物学作用。该研究的第一个目的是评估与逆境相关的结构，功能或连接性的变化对压力调节至关重要的孕产妇大脑区域，包括杏仁核，海马/亚面和内侧轨道额皮层（MOFC），与在社会社会心理压力挑战期间的母体应力反应差异有关。第二个目的是评估儿童逆境是否与母亲在4个月和12个月大时与婴儿互动的差异有关。最后，我们将纵向评估母体破坏的沟通导致婴儿压力调节，杏仁核肥大和一岁时功能连通性改变的程度。一个典型还将评估产前因素的贡献，包括急性和慢性应激激素测量，孕产妇精神症状和伴侣冲突。儿童逆境和破坏的育儿是多种医学和精神疾病的可预防原因，包括成瘾，导致数十亿美元的医疗保健支出。对基本机制，关键时间点和中介因素的详细理解对于设计有针对性的干预措施以抢占早期逆境的不利后果是必要的。拟议的研究计划将提供有关婴儿风险潜在生物标志物的数据，这些数据比广泛的母亲的社会心理因素更为具体，并可能导致对与风险相关的发展轨迹的更早，更有效的识别和干预。