Neural Activity in Guinea Pig Vestibular Nuclei During Volitional Head Movements

意志头部运动期间豚鼠前庭核团的神经活动

• 批准号: 8582918
• 负责人: WILLIAM M KING
• 金额: $ 24.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8582918
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Animal Model; Animals; Automobile Driving; Behavioral; Blurred vision; Brain; Cavia; Cerebellum; Custom; Data; Devices; Dimensions; Effectiveness; Eye; Eye Movements; Failure; Feedback; Freedom; Future; Goals; Head; Head Movements; Health; Human; Image; Laboratories; Labyrinth; Lead; Lesion; Measures; Modeling; Monkeys; Motion; Movement; Mus; Neurons; Neurosciences; Oryctolagus cuniculus; Patients; Peripheral; Positioning Attribute; Primates; Publishing; Purkinje Cells; Reflex action; Relative (related person); Research; Retinal; Role; Rotation; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Simulate; Sum; System; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic; Vestibular nucleus structure; Vision; Visual; Visual impairment; base; clinically significant; design; equilibration disorder; experience; gaze; improved; inner ear diseases; innovation; insight; motor control; neural circuit; nonhuman primate; novel; novel strategies; public health relevance; rapid eye movement; relating to nervous system; research study; response; restraint; sensor; vestibulo-ocular reflex; visual image movement

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Voluntary rapid eye and head movements are used to shift gaze in space. Rapid eye movements are shorter in duration than head movements necessitating compensatory ocular counter-rotation during head turns in order to stabilize the retinal image and direction of gaze in space (equal to the sum of eye and head position). It is widely accepted that the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) produces the compensatory eye movement. However, recently published data demonstrate that when gaze stability is a behavioral goal, guinea pigs use extra-vestibular signals (e.g., efference copy of head movement) in place of the VOR to compensate for active head movement. This response is anticipatory because it occurs with zero latency relative to the head movement. We hypothesize that the extra-vestibular signal is encoded in the vestibular nucleus and/or cerebellum from either an efference copy of the intended head movement or proprioceptive feedback related to the head movement. Since the anticipatory response must replace the VOR, the reafference that results from the active head movement must also be cancelled. We hypothesize that an internal model of the vestibular sensorium is used to transform the extra-vestibular signal into a signal that cancels the reafference. Specifically, we hypothesize a neural circuit that includes a subset of vestibular-only (VO) and eye movement sensitive (ES) neurons in the vestibular nucleus and Purkinje cells in the cerebellar flocculus perform this cancellation and produce the anticipatory eye movement. The specific aims of this proposal are designed (1) to directly test this hypothesis by recording from secondary vestibular neurons of head-unrestrained guinea pigs during passive and active head turns and (2) to refine and demonstrate the effectiveness of two novel devices: a miniature micro-drive and a 6-dof motion sensor to record single unit data and head movements in multiple dimensions from a head unrestrained animal.

描述（由申请人提供）：自愿快速的眼睛和头部运动用于在空间中转移视线。快速眼球运动的持续时间比头部运动短，因此在头部转动期间需要补偿性眼球反向旋转，以稳定视网膜图像和空间注视方向（等于眼睛和头部位置的总和）。人们普遍认为前庭眼反射（VOR）会产生代偿性眼球运动。然而，最近发表的数据表明，当凝视稳定性是一个行为目标时，豚鼠使用前庭外信号（例如头部运动的输出副本）代替 VOR 来补偿主动头部运动。这种响应是预期的，因为它相对于头部运动的延迟为零。我们假设前庭外信号在前庭核和/或小脑中编码，来自预期头部运动的输出副本或与头部运动相关的本体感觉反馈。由于预期反应必须取代 VOR，因此主动头部运动产生的重新传入也必须被取消。我们假设前庭感觉神经的内部模型用于将前庭外信号转换为消除再传入的信号。具体来说，我们假设一个神经回路包括前庭核中的前庭（VO）和眼动敏感（ES）神经元子集以及小脑絮中的浦肯野细胞，执行这种抵消并产生预期的眼动。该提案的具体目标是（1）通过记录头部不受约束的豚鼠在被​​动和主动转头过程中的次级前庭神经元来直接测试这一假设，以及（2）完善并证明两种新颖装置的有效性：微型微驱动器和 6 自由度运动传感器，用于记录头部不受约束的动物的单个单元数据和多个维度的头部运动。