Neuronal properties and behavioral role of the auditory parabelt

听觉帕拉带的神经元特性和行为作用

基本信息

批准号：
8582482
负责人：
Yoshinao Kajikawa
金额：
$ 25.61万
依托单位：
NATHAN S. KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCH RES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-07-01 至 2015-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8582482
关键词：
Acoustics Action Potentials Amygdaloid structure Anatomy Anterior Area Attention Auditory Auditory Perception Auditory area Auditory system Autistic Disorder Behavior Behavioral Biological Assay Characteristics Clinical Cognition Cognition Disorders Cognitive Communication Communication impairment Complex Confocal Microscopy Corpus striatum structure Disease Emotional Emotions Evaluation Feedback Goals Human Injection of therapeutic agent Lesion Link Location Macaca Membrane Potentials Methods Monkeys Neurologic Neurons Output Parietal Lobe Pathway interactions Pattern Perception Performance Physiological Physiology Population Positioning Attribute Primates Process Property Psyche structure Pulvinar structure Reporting Role Route Sampling Schizophrenia Signal Transduction Source Speech Speech Perception Staging Stimulus Structure Structure of superior temporal sulcus Superior temporal gyrus Synapses Techniques Temporal Lobe Testing Thalamic structure Thick Time Tracer Training Work auditory stimulus awake cell type cognitive function density frontal lobe high risk indexing information processing neuropsychiatry preference public health relevance research study response segregation skills sound speech recognition

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Primate auditory cortex is composed of areas grouped in regions at 3 levels in a hierarchical order of core-belt- parabelt, and each region subdivides into multiple areas anatomically and physiologically. Auditory information processing proceeds through levels and through areas within every level. Still higher level regions in the temporal, frontal and parietal lobes, and the cortical areas within them, are hypothesized to be more heavily specialized for higher cognitive processes. Studies of core and belt regions have characterized auditory properties like spectral tuning and have suggested functional segregation of anterior "what" and posterior "where" pathways of information processing. Though the parabelt region is anatomically known to differentiate into caudal and rostral parabelt areas, the region has been barely explored physiologically. Our BROAD OBJECTIVE is to characterize the properties and functions of the parabelt areas in primates. Cognitive processes involving parabelt region are expected to require auditory attention. Higher order cognitive inputs and auditory inputs are predicted to differ in terms of their cortical laminar activation pattern. In tis study, we use behavioral tasks that require attentive processing using auditory stimuli optimized for basic characterization, electrophysiological methods that discern different types of inputs, as well as functional connections between parabelt regions, and anatomical techniques to define the fine microcircuit structure of actual connections between these regions. SPECIFIC AIM 1 is to characterize auditory response properties of parabelt neurons. SPECIFIC AIM 2 is to characterize the routes and dynamics of signal flow through parabelt regions, as well as the fine structure of underlying anatomical connections. Parabelt regions in humans are implicated in not only acoustic perception but also complex functions like speech communication. Delineating the physiological properties and functional/structural interconnections of parabelt region during attentive auditory performance will advance our basic understanding of auditory perception mechanisms that are of direct relevance to neuropsychiatric and communication disorders in humans.

描述（申请人提供）：灵长类听觉皮层由按照核心-带-帕拉带的层次顺序分为3个级别的区域组成，每个区域在解剖学和生理学上细分为多个区域。听觉信息处理通过各个层次以及每个层次内的区域进行。据推测，颞叶、额叶和顶叶的更高级别区域以及其中的皮质区域更专门用于高级认知过程。对核心区和带区的研究已经表征了诸如频谱调谐之类的听觉特性，并提出了信息处理的前“什么”和后“哪里”路径的功能分离。尽管在解剖学上已知帕拉带区域可分化为尾侧和喙侧帕拉带区域，但该区域在生理学上几乎没有被探索过。我们的广泛目标是表征灵长类动物帕拉带区域的特性和功能。涉及帕拉带区域的认知过程预计需要听觉注意。预计高阶认知输入和听觉输入在皮质层状激活模式方面有所不同。在这项研究中，我们使用需要仔细处理的行为任务，使用针对基本特征进行优化的听觉刺激，以及识别不同类型输入的电生理学方法，例如以及parabelt区域之间的功能连接，以及定义这些区域之间实际连接的精细微电路结构的解剖技术。具体目标 1 是表征 parabelt 神经元的听觉反应特性。具体目标 2 是描述通过 parabelt 区域的信号流的路线和动态，以及底层解剖连接的精细结构。人类的帕拉带区域不仅与听觉感知有关，还与语音交流等复杂功能有关。描绘注意力听觉表现期间帕拉带区域的生理特性和功能/结构互连将增进我们对与人类神经精神和沟通障碍直接相关的听觉感知机制的基本理解。