Social Sensitivity and Depression in Peer-Victimized Girls: Insights from Neuroscience

受同伴伤害的女孩的社会敏感性和抑郁症：来自神经科学的见解

• 批准号: 8969551
• 负责人: KAREN D RUDOLPH
• 金额: $ 7.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8969551
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Adverse effects; Amygdaloid structure; Attenuated; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Buffers; Childhood; Chronic; Clinical; Cues; Data; Data Set; Depression and Suicide; Development; Emotional; Emotional Disturbance; Emotional disorder; Emotions; Event; Experimental Designs; Exposure to; Family health status; Female Adolescents; Future; Goals; Health; Individual; Individual Differences; Insula of Reil; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life; Life Stress; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Motivation; National Institute of Mental Health; Negative Valence; Neurosciences; Outcome; Pain; Pathway interactions; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Practice Guidelines; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychopathology; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Design; Research Domain Criteria; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Scientist; Shapes; Skin; Social Psychology; Societies; Staging; Stress; System; Time; Victimization; Youth; adverse outcome; affective neuroscience; attentional bias; base; biological adaptation to stress; child depression; chronic depression; cost; depressive symptoms; design; developmental psychology; eleventh grade; girls; innovation; insight; intervention program; neuroregulation; ninth grade; novel; peer; peer victimization; policy implication; prevent; prospective; public health relevance; recurrent depression; relating to nervous system; resilience; second grade; social; social stress; stress reactivity; stressor; theories

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Peer victimization is a salient form of early adversity with long-term costs for youths' mental health. Indeed, research and media coverage place peer victimization on the national agenda as a critical public health issue, given its prevalence and it implications for emotional well-being into adolescence and adulthood. Identifying processes accounting for these enduring effects is critical for informing policy and practice, yet scientists have not yet discovered the processes through which victimization derails youths' development-that is, how victimization "gets under the skin" in ways that instill long-term risk. Inspired by a growing recognition of the pervasive impact of early life stress on maturing brain systems and associated psychopathology, this research will contribute substantially to scientific knowledge and its application by documenting the adolescent sequelae of victimization, with broader implications for enriching our understanding of the mechanisms through which early adversity shapes stress reactivity and mental health. Integrating ideas across the fields of developmental and social psychology, social affective neuroscience, and developmental psychopathology with the NIMH RDoC framework, this research will examine whether victimization is linked to dysregulated negative valence systems involved in sustained threat/loss, thereby heightening reactivity and compromising regulation and contributing to adolescent depression. Introducing an innovative methodological approach into the field of peer victimization, this research will use a multi-level design, examining reactivity and regulation at both the neural and behavioral levels in the context of an experimental design (laboratory cues of social threat/loss). This study will take advantage of an existing sample of adolescent girls (10th-11th graders), well-characterized on victimization, individual differences in risks and resources, and mental health from 2nd-9th grade, thereby providing the opportunity to leverage a comprehensive longitudinal data set to enrich the proposed short-term (two-year) investigation of neural/behavioral processing and depressive symptoms. Thus, this study is uniquely positioned to examine the link between childhood victimization and subsequent neural and behavioral processing of social cues as well as to determine whether stress reactivity/regulation account for the contribution of victimization to adolescent depression. This research also will provide novel data on individual differences in risk and resilience processes, thereby maximizing the efficiency of prevention/intervention programs. Ultimately, it is anticipated that this researc will serve as a basis for larger longitudinal studies investigating: (a) how early adversity withina variety of contexts influences emerging brain systems in ways that set the stage for adolescent mental health problems; and (b) individual and contextual resources that may buffer youth against these adverse consequences. This line of research can yield clear and compelling implications for policy and practice guidelines aimed at minimizing the threat posed by early social adversity to youths' health and development, with potential implications for long-term adaptation and societal burden.

 描述（由申请人提供）：同伴受害是早期逆境的一种显着形式，对青少年的心理健康造成长期损失。事实上，鉴于其普遍存在，研究和媒体报道将同伴受害作为一个关键的公共卫生问题列入国家议程。确定这些持久影响的过程对于为政策和实践提供信息至关重要。 受到越来越多的人认识到早期生活压力对成熟大脑的普遍影响，尚未发现受害影响青少年发展的过程，即受害如何“深入骨髓”，从而灌输长期风险。这项研究将通过记录青少年受害的后遗症，为科学知识及其应用做出重大贡献，并为丰富我们对早期逆境塑造压力反应和心理健康的机制的理解提供更广泛的影响。这项研究将发展和社会心理学、社会情感神经科学和发展精神病理学等领域的思想与 NIMH RDoC 框架相结合，研究受害是否与参与持续威胁/损失的失调负价系统有关，从而增强反应性并损害监管这项研究将采用多层次设计，在实验设计的背景下检查神经和行为层面的反应和调节，从而将创新的方法引入同伴受害领域。 （社会威胁/损失的实验室线索）。这项研究将利用现有的青春期女孩样本（10 至 11 年级学生），这些样本在受害、风险和资源方面的个体差异以及 2 至 9 年级的心理健康方面具有良好的特征。 ，从而提供了利用全面的纵向数据集来丰富拟议的神经/行为处理和抑郁症状的短期（两年）调查的机会。因此，这项研究具有独特的地位，可以检查儿童受害与抑郁症状之间的联系。这项研究还将提供有关风险和复原力过程中个体差异的新数据，从而最大限度地提高预防效率。最终，预计这项研究将成为更大规模的纵向研究的基础，调查：（a）各种背景下的早期逆境如何影响新兴的大脑系统，从而为青少年心理健康问题奠定基础； (b) 个人和背景这些研究可以对政策和实践指南产生明确而令人信服的影响，旨在最大限度地减少早期社会逆境对青少年健康和发展造成的威胁，并对长期适应产生潜在影响。和社会负担。