Oscillatory dynamics and sensory processing

振荡动力学和感觉处理

基本信息

批准号：
8919369
负责人：
John T Serences
金额：
$ 18.37万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-09-01 至 2017-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8919369
关键词：
Accounting Alpha Rhythm Area Attention Automobile Driving Awareness Behavior Behavioral Benchmarking Brain Brain region Cognitive Coupled Crowding Cues Data Set Decision Making Detection Development Electroencephalography Ensure Environment Frequencies Health Human Intervention Investigation Knowledge Lead Link Literature Location Measures Mediating Mental Processes Methodology Modeling Nature Neurons Perception Performance Phase Physiologic pulse Play Population Probability Process Reaction Time Research Research Personnel Research Proposals Role Scalp structure Sensory Sensory Process Specific qualifier value Stimulus Syncope Techniques Testing Time United States National Institutes of Health Vision Disorders Visual Visual Cortex Visual Fields Visual evoked cortical potential Waxes Work accurate diagnosis base experience indexing neuromechanism novel novel strategies relating to nervous system research study response selective attention sensory gating sensory stimulus sensory system success teacher temporal measurement tool visual process visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human sensory systems are continuously bombarded with far more input than can be processed at a single time. As a result, attentional mechanisms have evolved so that available processing capacity is dedicated to encoding only the most salient and behaviorally relevant stimuli in the environment. In turn, the most important stimuli dominate perceptual awareness and have privileged access to the neural mechanisms that control decisions about how to best interact with external objects. Recently, investigators have proposed the counterintuitive hypothesis that selective attention operates to gate relevant sensory information in time with slow intrinsic cortical oscillations in the theta and alpha bands (i.e. ~4-12Hz). For example, behavioral performance on basic visual tasks waxes and wanes in time with alpha oscillations, and experimentally disrupting these rhythms impairs perception. Here we will test the hypothesis that these rhythmic fluctuations in behavior reflect oscillations n the fidelity of sensory representations in early cortical areas (sensory-modulation hypothesis). We will use a combination of formal models of decision making coupled with novel EEG analysis techniques that can non- invasively measure feature-selective representations with a high degree of temporal resolution. Thus, this work will test a focused hypothesis about the nature of intrinsic cortical oscillations and their link to rhythmic changes in human information processing. In addition, our novel approach to analyzing high-dimensional EEG data sets will provide a non-invasive and well-tolerated means of measuring feature selective responses in human cortex with high temporal resolution, in line with the strategic aim of the NIH to develop novel tools and methodologies for understanding how populations of neural cells work together within and between brain regions.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类感觉系统的持续轰炸远比一次处理要多得多。结果，注意机制已经发展，因此可用的处理能力专门用于仅编码环境中最显着和行为相关的刺激。反过来，最重要的刺激占据了感知意识，并具有特权访问有关如何最好地与外部对象交互的决定的神经机制。最近，研究者提出了违反直觉的假设，即选择性注意力在Theta和Alpha频段（即〜4-12Hz）中，及时及时地对栅极相关的感觉信息进行相关的感觉信息。例如，基本视觉任务上的行为性能随着alpha振荡的及时而减弱，并在实验上破坏了这些节奏会损害感知。在这里，我们将检验以下假设：行为中的这些节奏波动反映了早期皮质区域中感觉表征的忠诚度（感觉调节假设）。我们将结合形式的决策模型，再加上新型的脑电图分析技术，这些技术可以非侵入性地测量具有高度时间分辨率的特征选择性表示。因此，这项工作将检验有关内在皮质振荡性质的重点假设及其与人类信息处理的节奏变化的联系。此外，我们分析高维脑电图数据集的新型方法将提供一种非侵入性且具有良好的耐受性手段，用于测量具有高时间分辨率的人类皮质中特征选择性反应的方法，符合NIH的策略目的，以开发新的工具和方法，以理解内部和大脑区域之间的神经细胞种群的工作方式。