Oscillatory dynamics and sensory processing

振荡动力学和感觉处理

基本信息

批准号：
8919369
负责人：
John T Serences
金额：
$ 18.37万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-09-01 至 2017-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8919369
关键词：
Accounting Alpha Rhythm Area Attention Automobile Driving Awareness Behavior Behavioral Benchmarking Brain Brain region Cognitive Coupled Crowding Cues Data Set Decision Making Detection Development Electroencephalography Ensure Environment Frequencies Health Human Intervention Investigation Knowledge Lead Link Literature Location Measures Mediating Mental Processes Methodology Modeling Nature Neurons Perception Performance Phase Physiologic pulse Play Population Probability Process Reaction Time Research Research Personnel Research Proposals Role Scalp structure Sensory Sensory Process Specific qualifier value Stimulus Syncope Techniques Testing Time United States National Institutes of Health Vision Disorders Visual Visual Cortex Visual Fields Visual evoked cortical potential Waxes Work accurate diagnosis base experience indexing neuromechanism novel novel strategies relating to nervous system research study response selective attention sensory gating sensory stimulus sensory system success teacher temporal measurement tool visual process visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human sensory systems are continuously bombarded with far more input than can be processed at a single time. As a result, attentional mechanisms have evolved so that available processing capacity is dedicated to encoding only the most salient and behaviorally relevant stimuli in the environment. In turn, the most important stimuli dominate perceptual awareness and have privileged access to the neural mechanisms that control decisions about how to best interact with external objects. Recently, investigators have proposed the counterintuitive hypothesis that selective attention operates to gate relevant sensory information in time with slow intrinsic cortical oscillations in the theta and alpha bands (i.e. ~4-12Hz). For example, behavioral performance on basic visual tasks waxes and wanes in time with alpha oscillations, and experimentally disrupting these rhythms impairs perception. Here we will test the hypothesis that these rhythmic fluctuations in behavior reflect oscillations n the fidelity of sensory representations in early cortical areas (sensory-modulation hypothesis). We will use a combination of formal models of decision making coupled with novel EEG analysis techniques that can non- invasively measure feature-selective representations with a high degree of temporal resolution. Thus, this work will test a focused hypothesis about the nature of intrinsic cortical oscillations and their link to rhythmic changes in human information processing. In addition, our novel approach to analyzing high-dimensional EEG data sets will provide a non-invasive and well-tolerated means of measuring feature selective responses in human cortex with high temporal resolution, in line with the strategic aim of the NIH to develop novel tools and methodologies for understanding how populations of neural cells work together within and between brain regions.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类的感觉系统不断受到远多于单次处理能力的输入的轰炸。因此，注意力机制已经进化，使得可用的处理能力专门用于编码环境中最显着和行为相关的刺激。反过来，最重要的刺激支配着知觉意识，并有权访问神经机制，控制如何最好地与外部对象交互的决策。最近，研究人员提出了一个违反直觉的假设，即选择性注意通过 θ 和 α 频段（即~4-12Hz）中缓慢的内在皮层振荡及时控制相关的感觉信息。例如，基本视觉任务的行为表现会随着阿尔法振荡的变化而变化，而通过实验扰乱这些节奏会损害感知。在这里，我们将检验以下假设：这些行为的节律波动反映了早期皮质区域感觉表征保真度的振荡（感觉调节假说）。我们将结合使用正式的决策模型和新颖的脑电图分析技术，这些技术可以以高时间分辨率非侵入性地测量特征选择性表示。因此，这项工作将测试关于内在皮质振荡的性质及其与人类信息处理节律变化的联系的集中假设。此外，我们分析高维脑电图数据集的新方法将提供一种非侵入性且耐受性良好的方法，以高时间分辨率测量人类皮层的特征选择性反应，符合 NIH 开发新方法的战略目标。用于了解神经细胞群如何在大脑区域内和大脑区域之间协同工作的工具和方法。