Body Dissatisfaction and Disordered Eating

身体不满意和饮食失调

基本信息

批准号：
8429560
负责人：
Ellen E. Fitzsimmons-Craft
金额：
$ 2.23万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-12-01 至 2013-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

College represents a unique vulnerability period for the development of body dissatisfaction (BD) and disordered eating among women. Research has suggested that these public health concerns may be at least partly explained by social comparison and objectification theories, two prominent social psychological theories. Humans engage in social comparisons with others in order to understand how and where they fit into the world. Objectification theory holds that the feminine body has been constructed as an object to be gazed upon; given this, females learn to view themselves from an observer's perspective and to treat themselves as objects to be looked at. This proposal will extend previous research by examining how these two theories fit into an elaborated version of Stice's (1994) socio-cultural model of disordered eating and by using an experience sampling/ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approach, which involves assessing participants multiple times per day in their natural environments. Specifically, this proposal will use novel methodology (i.e., EMA), test social comparison and objectification as factors that may explain the relation between thin ideal internalization and BD in the socio-cultural model of disordered eating, and utilize rigorous prospective analyses - doing these 3 things will fill important gaps in the literature. A sample of 200 college women will participate, which will include 2 self-report questionnaire sessions (at the start and end of an academic semester) and a 2-week EMA component (i.e., via their personal computers, participants will complete a short set of questions 3x/daily mid-semester). Constructs assessed will include: pressure for thinness, thin ideal internalization, social comparison, body surveillance (the indicator of objectification), BD, and disordered eating. Key hypotheses: 1) increases in momentary social comparison and body surveillance will be associated with subsequent increases in BD and disordered eating; 2) momentary instances of social comparison and body surveillance will mediate the relation between thin ideal internalization and BD; 3) a socio-cultural model incorporating social comparison and body surveillance will provide a better fit to the data than a model that does not incorporate these constructs. Multilevel and structural equation modeling will be utilized to test these hypotheses. Results may inform future prevention programs for college women by identifying relevant and mutable behaviors that impact BD/disordered eating.

大学时期是女性对身体不满意（BD）和饮食失调的独特脆弱时期。研究表明，这些公共卫生问题至少可以部分地用社会比较和客观化理论这两种著名的社会心理学理论来解释。人类与他人进行社会比较，以了解自己如何以及在何处融入世界。客体化理论认为，女性身体被构建为可供凝视的对象；鉴于此，女性学会从观察者的角度看待自己，并将自己视为被观察的对象。该提案将通过检查这两种理论如何适应 Stice (1994) 的饮食失调社会文化模型的详细版本，并使用经验抽样/生态瞬时评估 (EMA) 方法（其中涉及多次评估参与者）来扩展先前的研究每天在自然环境中。具体来说，该提案将使用新颖的方法（即 EMA），测试社会比较和客观化作为可以解释饮食失调的社会文化模型中瘦理想内化与 BD 之间关系的因素，并利用严格的前瞻性分析 - 进行这些三件事将填补文献中的重要空白。的样本 200 名女大学生将参加，其中包括 2 次自我报告问卷调查（在学期开始和结束时）和为期 2 周的 EMA 部分（即通过个人计算机，参与者将完成一组简短的问题 3 次） /学期中每日）。评估的结构包括：瘦身压力、瘦身理想内化、社会比较、身体监视（客观化指标）、BD 和饮食失调。主要假设：1）短暂的社会比较和身体监视的增加将与随后的双相情感障碍和饮食失调的增加相关； 2）短暂的社会比较和身体监视会调节薄弱理想内化与BD之间的关系； 3）结合社会比较和身体监测的社会文化模型将比不结合这些结构的模型更适合数据。将利用多层次和结构方程模型来检验这些假设。通过识别影响双相情感障碍/饮食失调的相关和可变行为，结果可以为大学女性未来的预防计划提供信息。