A Family-Based HIV Prevention Intervention for Preadolescents Affected by HIV

针对受艾滋病毒影响的青春期前儿童的基于家庭的艾滋病毒预防干预措施

基本信息

批准号：
8540780
负责人：
Nicholas Tarantino
金额：
$ 3.84万
依托单位：
GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-07-01 至 2015-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8540780
关键词：
15 year old AIDS prevention Academia Accounting Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Address Adolescent Adult Affect African American Age American Anti-Retroviral Agents Area Attitude Behavior Behavior Therapy Behavioral Caregivers Caring Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Child Child Development Collaborations Communication Communities Data Developed Countries Disclosure Early Diagnosis Environment Environmental Risk Factor Epidemic Evidence based intervention Exposure to Face Family Fellowship Focus Groups Foundations Future Genetic Genetic Risk Goals HIV HIV Infections HIV risk Health Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Heterosexuals High Prevalence Individual Infection Intervention Interview Investigation Kenya Knowledge Life Life Expectancy Life Experience Methodology Monitor Mothers New York Outcome Parent-Child Relations Parenting behavior Parents Participant Pattern Phase Population Positioning Attribute Prevention Preventive Intervention Process Public Health Quality of life Recruitment Activity Research Research Design Risk Risk Behaviors Risk Reduction Sampling Science Scientist Self Perception Sexuality South Africa Structure Supervision Testing Training Universities Validation Virus Vulnerable Populations Well in self Woman Work Youth base career cohort comparison group evidence base experience foster child graduate student improved infancy innovation intergenerational intervention effect lens member post intervention programs psychosocial public health relevance sex social social stigma success theories therapy design therapy development transmission process

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching goal of this application is to advance a programmatic line of research investigating behavioral interventions for vulnerable youth populations, specifically those at-risk for HIV, to serve as the foundation for a career in academia as an independent research scientist. The proposed project specifically addresses two areas of high priority put forth by NIMH's Division of AIDS Research (DAR): (1) innovative research designed to better understand unique multilevel factors related to HIV-risk reduction, and (2) prevention science aimed at understanding the psychosocial needs of children affected by HIV. In addressing these objectives the proposed study examines a specific population of youth vulnerable to HIV infection, preadolescent (and adolescent) children of mothers living with HIV (MLH). These children are at risk for behaviorally-acquired HIV infection through genetic and environmental transmission of HIV-related risk behaviors. Because MLH are living longer than they were in previous decades, more children are living with MLH than ever before. Research that examines this growing population of youth under a lens of HIV prevention is scarce. To address NIMH's objectives, the project proposes adapting an existing evidence-based intervention to children of MLH. In doing so it examines specific HIV-related family-level factors associated with the sexual risk of youth affected by HIV. It proposes that MLH are in a unique position to reduce their children's HIV risk through protective parenting practices-including, facilitating discussions about HIV, HIV disclosure, and sexuality, providing structure i the form of monitoring and supervision, and building a healthy parent-child relationship. It is hypothesized that through strengthening protective parenting practices, children of MLH will have shifts in sexual attitudes, knowledge, intentions, and behavior, which will reduce their risk for HIV infection. To test this hypothesis, three Specific Aims are proposed: (1) adapt a family-based intervention for youth of MLH through a structured process of adaptation, (2) implement the intervention with a cohort of youth (ages 10 to 15 years-old) and their MLH, and (3) evaluate the effects of the intervention. The project focuses on MLH-child dyads, primarily African-American, living in and around Atlanta, GA, and through collaboration with local non-governmental organizations (NGOs), recruits these dyads for two phases of the study. Phase I uses qualitative methodology in the form of focus groups and individual interviews with MLH and their children to inform the development of the intervention. Phase II samples 60 MLH dyads, half will receive the intervention and half will serve as controls. All Phase II participants are assessed pre- and post-intervention and parenting and youth sexual risk outcomes are explored. Results will inform (1) the expansion of this intervention to a larger-scale, (2) the process of adapting EBI's to specific, vulnerable populations, and (3) our understanding of youth HIV risk in children affected by HIV, including family factors.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的总体目标是推进一项计划性研究，调查对弱势青年群体（特别是有艾滋病毒风险的群体）的行为干预措施，为作为独立学者在学术界的职业生涯奠定基础。研究科学家。拟议的项目具体涉及 NIMH 艾滋病研究部 (DAR) 提出的两个高度优先领域：(1) 旨在更好地了解与减少艾滋病毒风险相关的独特多层次因素的创新研究，以及 (2) 旨在了解艾滋病毒风险的预防科学受艾滋病毒影响的儿童的社会心理需求。为了实现这些目标，拟议的研究调查了易受艾滋病毒感染的特定青年群体、感染艾滋病毒的母亲的青春期前（和青少年）儿童（MLH）。这些儿童因艾滋病毒相关危险行为的遗传和环境传播而面临行为获得性艾滋病毒感染的风险。由于 MLH 的寿命比过去几十年要长，因此患有 MLH 的儿童比以往任何时候都多。从艾滋病毒预防的角度来审视不断增长的年轻人口的研究很少。为了实现 NIMH 的目标，该项目建议对 MLH 儿童采用现有的循证干预措施。在此过程中，它检查了与受艾滋病毒影响的青少年性风险相关的特定艾滋病毒相关家庭因素。它提出，MLH 处于独特的地位，可以通过保护性养育实践来降低孩子感染艾滋病毒的风险，包括促进有关艾滋病毒、艾滋病毒披露和性行为的讨论，提供监测和监督形式的结构，以及建立健康的亲子关系关系。据推测，通过加强保护性养育实践，MLH 的孩子将在性态度、知识、意图和行为上发生转变，这将降低他们感染艾滋病毒的风险。为了检验这一假设，提出了三个具体目标：(1) 通过结构化的适应过程，对 MLH 青少年进行基于家庭的干预，(2) 对一群青少年（10 至 15 岁）实施干预) 及其 MLH，以及 (3) 评估干预措施的效果。该项目重点关注居住在佐治亚州亚特兰大及其周边地区的 MLH 儿童二人组，主要是非裔美国人，并通过与当地非政府组织 (NGO) 合作，招募这些二人组进行两个阶段的研究。第一阶段采用定性方法，以焦点小组和对 MLH 及其子女进行个人访谈的形式，为干预措施的制定提供信息。第二阶段对 60 名 MLH 双人组进行了抽样，其中一半将接受干预，一半将作为对照。所有第二阶段参与者在干预前和干预后均接受评估，并探讨养育子女和青少年性风险结果。结果将告知（1）将这种干预措施扩大到更大规模，（2）使 EBI 适应特定的弱势群体的过程，以及（3）我们对受艾滋病毒影响的儿童的青少年艾滋病毒风险的理解，包括家庭因素。