Core_Prospective population-based estimation of influenza vaccine effectiveness a

核心_基于人群的流感疫苗有效性前瞻性评估

• 批准号: 8693630
• 负责人: Michael L Jackson
• 金额: $ 94.5万
• 依托单位: KAISER FOUNDATION HEALTH PLAN OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8693630
• 关键词: Core_Prospective; population; based; estimation; influenza

Prospective population-based estimation of influenza vaccine effectiveness and burden of disease: Abstract ABSTRACT Public health policy makers need annual estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness as an ongoing evaluation of the United States influenza vaccination program. These estimates must come from observational epidemiologic studies, which are susceptible to numerous sources of bias in study design and analysis. Furthermore, policy makers need information on influenza incidence and on antigenic match between the vaccine and circulating influenza strains to properly interpret vaccine effectiveness estimates. Among members of Group Health Cooperative (GHC), a managed care organization in western Washington State, we propose: (1) To conduct annual test-negative case-control studies of influenza vaccine effectiveness. This design is effective at reducing confounding caused by differences in healthcare-seeking behavior between vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects. We can further reduce confounding by making use of extensive data on our subjects from GHC electronic medical records and administrative databases. We will verify influenza infection by RT-PCR, and will culture influenza viruses from RT-PCR-positive specimens, to be shared with CDC for antigenic characterization. (2) To estimate the burden of influenza in the same population in which we estimate vaccine effectiveness. For estimating incidence, we take advantage of the fact that our case-control subjects are drawn from a defined, enumerated population of GHC enrollees who have few barriers to same-day care for acute illnesses. Over the course of the five year study period our results will give public health policy makers a greater understanding of how influenza vaccine effectiveness fluctuates from year to year, and how those fluctuations are related to influenza incidence and antigenic match with the vaccine.

基于人群的流感疫苗有效性前瞻性评估 和疾病负担：摘要 抽象的 公共卫生政策制定者需要对流感疫苗的有效性进行年度估计，因为 对美国流感疫苗接种计划的持续评估。这些 估计值必须来自观察性流行病学研究，这些研究很容易受到 研究设计和分析中存在多种偏差来源。此外，政策制定者 需要有关流感发病率和疫苗之间抗原匹配的信息 和流行的流感毒株，以正确解释疫苗有效性估计。 团体健康合作社 (GHC) 的成员之一，这是一个管理式医疗组织 华盛顿州西部，我们建议：（1）每年进行检测阴性病例对照 流感疫苗有效性研究。这种设计可以有效减少 接种疫苗的人之间就医行为的差异引起的混淆 和未接种疫苗的受试者。我们可以通过利用 来自 GHC 电子病历和行政管理的有关我们受试者的大量数据 数据库。我们将通过 RT-PCR 确认流感感染，并培养流感 RT-PCR 阳性标本中的病毒，与 CDC 共享抗原 表征。 (2) 估计同一人群的流感负担 我们估计疫苗的有效性。为了估计发生率，我们利用 事实上，我们的病例对照受试者是从明确的、经过统计的人群中抽取的 的 GHC 参与者在急性疾病当天护理方面几乎没有障碍。超过 在五年研究期间，我们的结果将为公共卫生政策制定者提供 更好地了解流感疫苗有效性每年如何波动 年份，以及这些波动与流感发病率和抗原匹配有何关系 与疫苗。