Dynamic Effects in Peripheral Auditory Processing

外周听觉处理中的动态效应

基本信息

批准号：
8579797
负责人：
MAGDALENA WOJTCZAK
金额：
$ 35.84万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-12-01 至 2015-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8579797
关键词：
Accounting Acoustics Affect Algorithms Auditory Auditory Perception Auricular prosthesis Basilar Membrane Behavioral Brain Central Hearing Loss Characteristics Cochlea Cochlear Hearing Loss Complex Computer Simulation Cues Data Detection Development Discrimination Disease Due Process Ear Environment Financial compensation Frequencies Goals Grouping Hearing Hearing Aids Human Individual Investigation Judgment Knowledge Labyrinth Lead Liquid substance Long-Term Effects Masks Measurement Measures Mechanics Medial Methods Modeling Motion Neuronal Plasticity Noise Output Perception Peripheral Physiological Play Population Process Property Psychophysics Reflex action Relative (related person)Resolution Role Sensorineural Hearing Loss Site Speech Speech Intelligibility Speech Perception Speech Sound Stapes Stimulus System Techniques Testing Time Travel Variant Work auditory stimulus base behavior measurement design experience hearing impairment improved insight novel otoacoustic emission public health relevance research study response segregation signal processing sound stimulus processing

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of this proposal is to further our understanding of the perceptual consequences of peripheral auditory processing and efferent, or top-down, effects in normal and impaired hearing. The project has three main aims. Aim 1 is to provide behavioral and physiological estimates of the hypothesized effects of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent system on basilar-membrane (BM) gain and compression in humans, and to determine their consequences for temporal processing within individual frequency channels using forward masking. These measures will be undertaken in both normal-hearing listeners and listeners with sensorineural hearing loss. Aim 2 extends the investigation from within-channel to across-channel temporal processing to study the effects of peripheral filtering and efferent control on the spectro-temporal processing of complex sounds. The working hypothesis is that changes in BM filtering with hearing loss lead to changes in the relative latencies along the BM, which are not fully compensated by neural plasticity. Across-channel temporal synchrony plays a crucial role in our ability to perceptually segregate competing sounds in complex environments, so a disruption of perceived synchrony may be particularly detrimental in noisy and challenging acoustic backgrounds. Experiments under this aim will measure the temporal perception of sounds across frequency, in terms of temporal resolution and acuity, as well as in terms of subjective judgments of synchrony to test the hypothesis that across-frequency temporal perception changes with hearing loss. Aim 3 will take the basic psychophysical knowledge gained in Aims 1 and 2 and apply it to speech perception in noisy backgrounds. Speech intelligibility of sentences will be measured in steady noise, fluctuating noise, and single- talker interference in conditions where systematic delays are imposed across frequency. Speech perception in quiet has been shown to be remarkably robust to temporal asynchronies across frequency. Our working hypothesis is that temporal asynchronies, whether imposed through signal processing or as a result of hearing loss, will produce much more serious deficits in speech intelligibility in noisy situations, where perceptual segregation of the target from the masker is required. The results will further our understanding of how peripheral auditory processing is affected by efferent stimulation, and how changes in peripheral processing due to hearing loss affect our perception of sound and our ability to communicate in challenging acoustic environments. Understanding how peripheral auditory processing influences within- and across-channel temporal perception may lead to novel signal-processing algorithms for hearing aids that compensate for the across-channel temporal changes induced by hearing loss.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的长期目标是加深我们对正常和受损听力中外周听觉处理和传出或自上而下影响的感知结果的理解。该项目有三个主要目标。目标 1 是提供内侧橄榄耳蜗 (MOC) 传出系统对人类基底膜 (BM) 增益和压缩的假设影响的行为和生理估计，并使用前向掩蔽确定其对各个频率通道内的时间处理的影响。这些措施将针对听力正常的听众和感音神经性听力损失的听众进行。目标 2 将研究范围从通道内时间处理扩展到跨通道时间处理，以研究外围滤波和传出控制对复杂声音频谱时间处理的影响。工作假设是，听力损失导致 BM 过滤的变化会导致 BM 相对延迟的变化，而神经可塑性无法完全补偿这种变化。跨通道时间同步对于我们在复杂环境中感知分离竞争声音的能力起着至关重要的作用，因此感知同步的破坏在嘈杂和具有挑战性的声学背景中可能特别有害。在此目标下的实验将测量跨频率声音的时间感知，包括时间分辨率和敏锐度，以及同步性的主观判断，以检验跨频率时间感知随着听力损失而变化的假设。目标 3 将利用目标 1 和 2 中获得的基本心理物理学知识，并将其应用于嘈杂背景下的语音感知。在跨频率施加系统延迟的情况下，将在稳定噪声、波动噪声和单说话者干扰的情况下测量句子的语音清晰度。安静状态下的语音感知已被证明对于不同频率的时间异步性具有非常强的鲁棒性。我们的工作假设是，时间异步，无论是通过信号处理还是由于听力损失造成的，都会在嘈杂的环境中产生更严重的语音清晰度缺陷，在这种情况下需要将目标与掩蔽者感知分离。研究结果将进一步帮助我们了解传出刺激如何影响外周听觉处理，以及听力损失导致的外周处理变化如何影响我们对声音的感知以及我们在具有挑战性的声学环境中的沟通能力。了解外周听觉处理如何影响通道内和跨通道时间感知可能会产生新的助听器信号处理算法，以补偿由听力损失引起的跨通道时间变化。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Auditory efferents facilitate sound localization in noise in humans.

DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.0248-11.2011
发表时间：
2011-05-04
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
0
作者：
Andéol G;Guillaume A;Micheyl C;Savel S;Pellieux L;Moulin A
通讯作者：
Moulin A

Exploring the role of feedback-based auditory reflexes in forward masking by schroeder-phase complexes.

探索基于反馈的听觉反射在施罗德相位复合体前向掩蔽中的作用。