Panic-Relevant Sensations and Smoking Motivation

恐慌相关的感觉和吸烟动机

• 批准号: 8675735
• 负责人: Samantha Gwen Farris
• 金额: $ 3.49万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8675735
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Air; Air Conditioning; Amplifiers; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Arousal; Attention; Award; Behavioral; Breathing; Carbon Dioxide; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Cigarette; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Consensus; Development; Devices; Distress; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Emotional; Esthesia; Ethics; Expectancy; Experimental Designs; Fright; Gases; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Maintenance; Measures; Medical; Mental Depression; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; National Institute of Drug Abuse; National Research Service Awards; Negative Reinforcements; Nicotine Withdrawal; Pain; Panic; Panic Attack; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Placebos; Play; Population; Prevention Research; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Relapse; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Strategic Planning; Stress; Subgroup; Support System; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Training; United States; Vital capacity; Work; base; bodily sensation; cigarette smoking; computerized; coping; craving; drug abuse prevention; experience; high risk; indexing; innovation; meetings; next generation; novel; public health relevance; research study; smoking cessation; social; success; therapeutic target; therapy development; Accounting; Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Air; Air Conditioning; Amplifiers; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Arousal; Attention; Award; Behavioral; Breathing; Carbon Dioxide; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Cigarette; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Consensus; Development; Devices; Distress; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Emotional; Esthesia; Ethics; Expectancy; Experimental Designs; Fright; Gases; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Maintenance; Measures; Medical; Mental Depression; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; National Institute of Drug Abuse; National Research Service Awards; Negative Reinforcements; Nicotine Withdrawal; Pain; Panic; Panic Attack; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Placebos; Play; Population; Prevention Research; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Relapse; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Strategic Planning; Stress; Subgroup; Support System; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Training; United States; Vital capacity; Work; base; bodily sensation; cigarette smoking; computerized; coping; craving; drug abuse prevention; experience; high risk; indexing; innovation; meetings; next generation; novel; public health relevance; research study; smoking cessation; social; success; therapeutic target; therapy development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, accounting for nearly 443,000 deaths annually. Unfortunately, smoking cessation rates remain low and relapse is common. There is growing consensus that significant strides in helping smokers quit will likely be found in the ability to develop novel, specialized treatments that target the particular needs of subgroups of smokers, especially those who are at higher risk for relapse. One promising line of research in this domain has begun to study panic-prone and anxiety disordered populations, given (a) rates of smoking are double to that of non-psychiatric populations and (b) evidence that panic attacks and anxiety symptoms can significantly impair quit success. Research efforts have aimed to identify explanatory mechanisms that link panic attacks or anxiety states with the re-initiation and maintenance of smoking behavior. Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is a stable, but malleable, is a cognitive-based transdiagnostic construct that has been described as an "amplifier" of negative states, such anxiety, pain, or stress. Research suggests that smokers with elevated AS may be especially prone to smoke to relieve or avoid distressing bodily and emotional states (e.g., anxiety, panic attacks). Yet, past work on AS and smoking has employed descriptive or correlational methodology; has not directly measured the topography of smoking behavior; and has not integrated the role of acute, panic-relevant states on the relation between AS and smoking motivation (urges, cravings and observable smoking behavior). The current study aims to provide the empirical link between panic-relevant arousal and smoking motivation. It is hypothesized that laboratory-induced panic symptoms will be causally related to an increase in smoking motivation and that AS will moderate this effect. To address these hypotheses, 90 adult smokers (e15 cigarettes per day) will be recruited to participate in a laboratory experiment. Participants will be randomly assigned to inhale a single vital capacity of 35% carbon dioxide [CO2]-enriched air mixture or compressed room air (control condition); this procedure is a safe and frequently used provocation method for panic symptoms. Post-challenge, smoking motivation will be evaluated by self-reported urges and behavioral indices of cravings (latency to smoking) and smoking topography (puff velocity and inter-puff interval - measured by mouthpiece-based, computerized system; Clinical Research Support System). The proposed project will identify factors that increase the risk of drug use and abuse, which addresses the focus of the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) prevention research goals. Ultimately, in accordance with NIDA's 2010 strategic plan, the proposed study will (1) identify the characteristics and patterns of drug abuse and (2) understand how factors influence the various risk factors for drug abuse. Finally, the award will aid in the ethical, methodological, and substantive training of a promising researcher to address the need for translational, innovative research on tobacco and emotional vulnerability.

描述（由申请人提供）：吸烟是美国可预防死亡的主要原因，每年造成近443,000人死亡。不幸的是，戒烟率仍然很低，复发很常见。越来越多的共识是，在帮助吸烟者戒烟方面的重大进步可能会在开发针对吸烟者亚组的特定需求的能力中，尤其是那些患有较高复发风险的人的特定需求。考虑到（a）吸烟率是非精神病学人群的两倍，并且（b）证据表明，恐慌发作和焦虑症状可能会严重损害成功的成功，这是该领域中有希望的研究系列开始研究恐慌和焦虑症的人群。研究工作旨在确定将恐慌发作或焦虑状态与烟雾行为的重新生产和维持联系起来的解释机制。焦虑敏感性（AS）是一种稳定但可延展的，是一种基于认知的转诊构建体，被描述为负面状态的“放大器”，例如焦虑，疼痛或压力。研究表明，吸烟者可能特别容易吸烟，以减轻或避免痛苦的身体和情绪状态（例如焦虑，惊恐发作）。然而，过去的AS和吸烟的工作已经采用了描述性或相关方法。尚未直接测量吸烟行为的地形；并且尚未整合急性，恐慌状态在AS和吸烟动机之间的关系（冲动，渴望和可观察到的吸烟行为）上的作用。当前的研究旨在提供与恐慌相关的唤醒和吸烟动机之间的经验联系。假设实验室引起的恐慌症状将与吸烟动机的增加有因果关系，并且会适应这种影响。为了解决这些假设，将招募90名成年吸烟者（每天E15香烟）参加实验室实验。 参与者将被随机分配给35％二氧化碳[CO2]富含空气混合物或压缩室空气（控制状态）的单一重要容量；此过程是一种安全且经常使用的挑衅方法，可用于恐慌症状。挑战后，吸烟动机将通过自我报告的冲动和渴望的行为指数（吸烟的潜伏期）和吸烟地形（泡芙速度和p-Puff间隔）来评估。拟议的项目将确定增加吸毒和滥用风险的因素，该因素涉及美国国家药物滥用研究所（NIDA）预防研究目标的重点。最终，根据NIDA 2010年的战略计划，拟议的研究将（1）确定药物滥用的特征和模式，以及（2）了解因素如何影响药物滥用的各种风险因素。最后，该奖项将有助于对有前途的研究人员进行道德，方法论和实质性培训，以满足对烟草和情感脆弱性的转化，创新研究的需求。