Children's Health and Vulnerability to Heat and Ozone in New York City

纽约市儿童的健康以及对高温和臭氧的脆弱性

• 批准号: 8267307
• 负责人: Jane Ellen Clougherty
• 金额: $ 26.73万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-15 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8267307
• 关键词: 5 year old; Accident and Emergency department; Acute; Admission activity; Adult; Affect; Age; Air; Air Conditioning; Air Pollution; Asthma; Cereals; Characteristics; Child; Child health care; Childhood; Childhood Asthma; Chronic; Cities; Climate; Code; Communities; Crime; Data; Data Set; Databases; Dehydration; Disadvantaged; Emergency Situation; Environment; Epidemiology; Event; Exposure to; Funding; Future; Health; Heating; Height; Hospital Departments; Hospitalization; Individual; Information Systems; Link; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Modification; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Neighborhoods; New York; New York City; Outcome; Ozone; Population; Population Density; Poverty; Predisposition; Prevalence; Readiness; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resolution; Risk; Schools; Site; Structure; Surface; Surveys; System; Temperature; Variant; Violence; Visit; Weather; Work; age group; aged; air monitoring; climate change; improved; indexing; land use; mortality; ozone exposure; population based; population health; social; stressor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): To better understand effects of climate change on children's health, we propose to: (1) Develop high-resolution spatial and temporal models that will enable us to estimate neighborhood-specific ground-level ozone and surface temperature levels, and (2) Link these estimated exposures to population-based data on childhood asthma hospitalizations and pediatric emergency department visits geo-coded to residential zip-code. We hypothesize that children are particularly vulnerable and that health effects of climate change will be magnified in socially disadvantaged communities. An impediment to previous study of these issues has been lack of high- resolution data on ozone and temperature levels. We propose to overcome this limitation by constructing spatially and temporally resolved estimates of surface temperature, heat index, and air pollution at the neighborhood level using rich datasets collected through atmospheric monitoring networks in New York City (NYC) and interpolated to the community level using sophisticated local climate models. This study builds upon the unique highly-spatially resolved data and analytic infrastructure of the NYC Community Air Survey and existing models to predict future temperature increases to examine the potential for climate change to produce varying impacts on health city-wide. No study has used such a highly spatially-resolved database as proposed here. Further, we employ a unique previously-compiled dataset of city-wide susceptibility indicators to understand community-level vulnerability to climate change by chronic stressors. Specific Aim 1: Develop fine-grained, neighborhood-specific, spatially and temporally resolved calculations of ground-level ozone and surface temperature levels in multiple, highly diverse communities across the five boroughs of NYC. Specific Aim 2: Conduct an epidemiologic analysis of child health outcomes in multiple, diverse NYC communities during warm summer weather. Results of this research will be shared with city agencies to inform near-term climate adaptation as well as ongoing efforts to incorporate climate risk information into long term plans concerning land use, infrastructure, and other climate change adaptation measures. This research will provide pilot data to larger projects currently being developed in Pittsburgh. Developing stronger methods to assess short-term intra-urban variation in temperature and air pollution on children's health outcomes will enable improved assessment of children's health in other cities as well as different vulnerable age groups in NYC. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This proposed research will overcome gaps in current intra-urban exposure assessment by constructing highly spatially and temporally resolved estimates of surface temperature, heat index, and air pollution at the neighborhood level using rich datasets collected through atmospheric monitoring networks in New York City and interpolated to the community level using sophisticated local climate models. These stronger methods to assess short-term intra-urban variation in temperature and air pollution will be used to examine children's health outcomes and will enable improved assessment of children's health in other cities.

描述（由申请人提供）：为了更好地了解气候变化对儿童健康的影响，我们建议：（1）开发高分辨率时空模型，使我们能够估计特定社区的地面臭氧和地表温度水平(2) 将这些估计暴露量与基于人口的儿童哮喘住院和儿科急诊就诊数据联系起来，这些数据按住宅邮政编码进行地理编码。我们假设儿童特别脆弱，气候变化对健康的影响将在社会弱势社区中放大。先前对这些问题进行研究的一个障碍是缺乏有关臭氧和温度水平的高分辨率数据。我们建议通过使用通过纽约市 (NYC) 大气监测网络收集的丰富数据集构建对社区级别的地表温度、热量指数和空气污染进行空间和时间解析的估计，并使用复杂的方法插值到社区级别，从而克服这一限制。当地气候模型。这项研究建立在纽约市社区空气调查的独特的高度空间分辨率数据和分析基础设施以及现有模型的基础上，用于预测未来气温上升，以研究气候变化对全市健康产生不同影响的可能性。还没有研究使用此处提出的如此高度空间分辨率的数据库。此外，我们采用之前编制的独特的全市易感性指标数据集来了解社区层面对慢性压力源对气候变化的脆弱性。具体目标 1：针对纽约市五个行政区的多个高度多样化的社区中的地面臭氧和表面温度水平，开发细粒度、针对特定社区、空间和时间分辨率的计算。具体目标 2：对温暖夏季期间纽约市多个不同社区的儿童健康结果进行流行病学分析。这项研究的结果将与城市机构分享，为近期气候适应以及将气候风险信息纳入有关土地利用、基础设施和其他气候变化适应措施的长期计划的持续努力提供信息。这项研究将为匹兹堡目前正在开发的大型项目提供试点数据。开发更强有力的方法来评估城市内温度和空气污染的短期变化对儿童健康结果的影响，将有助于改进对其他城市以及纽约市不同弱势年龄段儿童健康的评估。 公共健康相关性：这项拟议的研究将利用通过纽约大气监测网络收集的丰富数据集，对社区层面的表面温度、热量指数和空气污染进行高度空间和时间分辨率的估计，从而克服当前城市内暴露评估中的差距城市并使用复杂的当地气候模型插值到社区级别。这些评估城市内温度和空气污染的短期变化的更强有力的方法将用于检查儿童的健康结果，并将改进对其他城市儿童健康的评估。