Energy-Independent Single Photon Molecular Imaging Technology

能量独立的单光子分子成像技术

• 批准号: 8461629
• 负责人: Yonggang Cui
• 金额: $ 55.81万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8461629
• 关键词: Algorithms; Area; Beds; Brain; Breast; Cadmium; Clinical; Clinical Management; Collimator; Computational algorithm; Computer software; Coupling; Custom; Data; Dependency; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Disadvantaged; Electronics; Future; Gamma Rays; Goals; Human body; Image; Imaging Techniques; Imaging technology; Isotopes; Medical; Medical Imaging; Mind; Nuclear; Photons; Physics; Physiological; Positron-Emission Tomography; Procedures; Process; Prostate; Prostatic; Radioactive; Radiopharmaceuticals; Resolution; Role; Security; Signal Transduction; Speed; Staging; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Trust; Tube; Uncertainty; X-Ray Computed Tomography; Zinc; base; cadmium telluride; data acquisition; design; detector; fluorodeoxyglucose; human disease; image reconstruction; imaging modality; innovation; man; molecular imaging; new technology; novel; operation; photomultiplier; public health relevance; radiation detector; radiotracer; reconstruction; simulation; single photon emission computed tomography; solid state; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to develop a completely new single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) system using novel technologies employing cadmium zinc telluride (CZT), customized application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), innovative collimator design, and ultrafast graphics processing unit (GPU) specialized for heaving computation in medical image reconstruction. With our proposed SPECT system, a single photon molecular imaging technology that will not require changes of collimators for different photon energies can be realized, at least for potential applications (breast, brain, and prostate) of small volume SPECT applications targeted by the proposed imaging system. By coupling the detectors to custom-built ASIC readout electronics, we can obtain high energy-resolution signals and bin the signals in multiple specific energy windows without requiring time-consuming list-mode acquisition and postprocessing. With these specific goals in mind, we emphasize that the primary goal is to remove the energy dependency of SPECT collimators so that the SPECT technology continues to be viable in the future. Our hypotheses are: Hypothesis 1: The CZT's excellent energy resolution and stopping power can distinguish background photons (photons scattered from human body and collimator septa) from quality photons regardless of emission energy. Hypothesis 2: A single collimator that provides high sensitivity can be used for the wide variety of SPECT radiotracers. Hypothesis 3: A fast computer algorithm that can correct the collimator-dependent blurring can provide excellent spatial resolution comparable to PET spatial resolution in the wide range of SPECT radiotracers using a single collimator. Our specific aims to test the hypotheses are: Aim 1: We will develop a pair of small-pitch (1.5 mm) and large-area (20 cm x 20 cm) pixelated CZT detectors and associated application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). The ASIC-driven electronics will be designed to acquire SPECT data using multiple narrow energy windows from CZT, not requiring list-mode data acquisition. Aim 2: We will develop a parallel-hole collimator with holes matched with CZT pixels to maximize the detection efficiency. We will use a Monte Carlo simulation tool to design the collimator to assess energy profiles from different photon energies for SPECT imaging. Aim 3: We will develop novel reconstruction algorithms that will compensate energy uncertainties and collimator-dependent blurring using high-speed computing techniques such as specialized novel graphics processing unit (GPU) that is heavily parallelized for computation in medical imaging.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们建议使用采用镉锌转尿症（CZT），定制的应用特定应用集成电路（ASIC），创新的仅需符号器的定义和超级快速图形处理单元（GPU）进行医疗图像重建图像重建的新型技术（SPECT）系统（SPECT）系统（SPECT）系统（SPECT）系统。借助我们提出的SPECT系统，可以实现一种不需要对不同光子能量的准直仪的单个光子分子成像技术，至少是针对拟议成像系统针对的小体积频谱应用的潜在应用（乳房，大脑和前列腺）。通过将检测器耦合到定制的ASIC读数电子设备，我们可以获取高能信号，并在多个特定的能量窗口中固定信号，而无需耗时的列表模式采集和后处理。考虑到这些特定目标，我们强调的是，主要目标是消除SPECT准直仪的能量依赖性，以便SPECT技术在将来继续可行。我们的假设是：假设1：CZT的出色能量分辨率和停止功率可以区分背景光子（从人体和准直膜隔中散射的光子）与质量光子与优质光子区分开，而不论发射能量如何。假设2：提供高灵敏度的单个准直仪可用于各种SPECT放射性示例。假设3：一种可以纠正准直聚发用剂依赖性模糊的快速计算机算法可以提供与PET空间分辨率相当的出色空间分辨率，该分辨率在宽范围的SPECT放射性示例中使用单个准直仪。我们测试假设的具体目的是：AIM 1：我们将开发一对天线（1.5毫米）和大面积（20 cm x 20 cm）像素化的CZT检测器以及相关的应用特异性集成电路（ASIC）。 ASIC驱动的电子设备将旨在使用CZT的多个狭窄的能量窗口获取SPECT数据，而不需要列表模式数据采集。 AIM 2：我们将开发一个与CZT像素匹配的孔的平行孔准直仪，以最大程度地提高检测效率。我们将使用Monte Carlo模拟工具设计准直仪，以评估来自不同光子能量的SPECT成像的能量曲线。 AIM 3：我们将开发新的重建算法，这些算法将使用高速计算技术（例如专业的新型图形处理单元（GPU））来补偿能量不确定性和准直依赖器的模糊性，这些技术在医学成像中与计算很大程度上平行。