Project 5: Remediation of Contaminated Groundwater by Solar-Powered Electrolysis

项目5：太阳能电解修复受污染地下水

• 批准号: 8927937
• 负责人: Akram N Alshawabkeh
• 金额: $ 0.81万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-12 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8927937
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Affect; Aftercare; Anodes; Bioinformatics; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Cathodes; Cells; Chemicals; Chemistry; Consumption; Copper; Degradation Pathway; Development; Dose; Electrodes; Electrolyses; Energy-Generating Resources; Ensure; Environment; Escherichia coli; Evolution; Exposure to; Gene Expression; Generations; Goals; Health; Hour; In Situ; Individual; Iron; Laboratories; Legal patent; Libraries; Link; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measures; Methods; Molecular Profiling; Monitor; Natural Resources; Oxidation-Reduction; Palladium; Pathway interactions; Performance; Pollution; Precipitation; Premature Birth; Process; Puerto Rico; Reaction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reporter; Resolution; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Solutions; Solvents; Source; Strategic Planning; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Toxicogenomics; Translation Process; Trichloroethylene; Variant; Water; Work; Yeasts; aqueous; base; chemical reduction; dechlorination; design; field study; high throughput screening; improved; in vitro Assay; innovation; novel; operation; oxidation; programs; protein expression; remediation; research study; residence; superfund site; toxicant; wasting

PROJECT SUMMARY Study Objectives: Our long-term goal is to develop novel, sustainable, solar-powered and environmentally- friendly technologies for remediation of contaminated groundwater, especially in karst regions. We will use solar panels to apply low direct electric currents through electrodes in wells to manipulate groundwater chemistry by electrolysis. Our target contaminants are chlorinated solvents, specifically trichloroethylene (TCE), but the process will also be designed to treat a mixture of contaminants. Two specific transformation mechanisms are evaluated: electrochemical reduction and chemical oxidation. Previously we demonstrated that chemically reducing groundwater could be developed by iron anodes, leading to almost complete dechlorination of aqueous TCE. We also evaluated chemical oxidation of TCE in groundwater by electro- generated H2 and O2. Our objectives in this competitive renewal study are to understand and improve the process using innovative electrode systems for transformation of mixtures of contaminants under variable flow rates, assess the transformation pathways and their associated effects on groundwater toxicity, and measure the performance of the process in field-scale testing. Study Approach: We will conduct laboratory experiments in vertical column setups made of acrylic and limestone and in electrochemical reactors. We will use the reactors to test innovative three-electrode treatment units to induce reducing or oxidizing conditions and investigate a novel two electrode system with polarity reversal to achieve oxidizing conditions. We will measure degradation and transformation products, as well as toxicity evolution, during the course of the process in batch electrochemical setups. In addition to a commonly used phenotypic in vitro assay, an innovative newly-developed fast and mechanistic toxicogenomics-based temporal gene or protein expression profiling technique will be employed. The variations of toxicity levels and mechanistic profiles during the course of the electrochemically-induced degradation will disclose the potential causal agents and their links to the degradation pathways. For these laboratory tests, groundwater collected from Puerto Rico will be mixed with target contaminants and used for testing. To facilitate translation of the process into field implementation, we will conduct and measure the performance in a small field-scale test using a single well or multiple wells. Treatment units in the wells will be connected to solar panels/controllers and different operation modes will be tested. Observation wells will be used to monitor changes. Expected Results: We will develop a technology for sustainable remediation of contaminated groundwater. We will design electrochemical reactors with innovative electrode systems for contaminant degradation and prove the reduction or elimination of toxicity during and after the treatment. Finally, we will design and measure the performance of the technology in wells in a small-scale field study in aquifers in karst regions.

项目摘要 研究目标：我们的长期目标是开发新颖，可持续，太阳能和环境 - 友好的技术，用于修复受污染的地下水，尤其是在喀斯特地区。我们将使用 太阳能电池板通过井中的电极施加低直电流以操纵地下水 通过电解化学。我们的目标污染物是氯化溶剂，特别是三氯乙烯 （TCE），但该过程也将设计为处理污染物的混合物。两个特定的转换 评估机制：电化学还原和化学氧化。以前我们证明了 化学降低的地下水可以通过铁阳极开发，几乎完整 水溶液的脱氯。我们还评估了通过电 - 生成的H2和O2。我们在这项竞争性更新研究中的目标是了解和改善 使用创新的电极系统的过程来转化可变流量下污染物的混合物 速率，评估转化途径及其对地下水毒性的相关影响，并测量 该过程在现场尺度测试中的性能。 研究方法：我们将在由丙烯酸制成的垂直柱设置中进行实验室实验 石灰石和电化学反应堆。我们将使用反应堆测试创新的三电极处理 诱导减少或氧化条件的单位，并研究具有极性的新型两个电极系统 逆转以达到氧化条件。我们将衡量降解和转化产品以及 毒性演变，在批处理电化学设置过程中。除了通常 使用的表型在体外测定中，这是一种创新的新开发的快速和机械毒理学学分子 将采用时间基因或蛋白质表达分析技术。毒性水平的变化和 在电化学引起的降解过程中的机械曲线将揭示潜力 因果药及其与退化途径的联系。对于这些实验室测试，收集了地下水 来自波多黎各的，将与目标污染物混合并用于测试。促进翻译 处理现场实施，我们将在小型现场尺度测试中进行和测量性能 使用一个井或多个井。井中的处理单元将连接到太阳能电池板/控制器 并将测试不同的操作模式。观察井将用于监视变化。 预期结果：我们将开发一项技术，用于可持续修复受污染的地下水。 我们将使用创新电极系统设计电化学反应器，以污染降解和 证明治疗期间和之后的毒性降低或消除。最后，我们将设计和衡量 在喀斯特地区的含水层的小型现场研究中，该技术在井中的性能。