Auditory signal enhancement and multisensory integration in cerebral cortex during behavior (Administrative supplement)

行为过程中大脑皮层听觉信号增强和多感觉整合（行政补充）

• 批准号: 8843647
• 负责人: Stephen V David
• 金额: $ 12.26万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8843647
• 关键词: Address; Administrative Supplement; Affect; Algorithms; Animals; Area; Attention; Auditory; Auditory area; Auricular prosthesis; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Models; Brain; Cerebral cortex; Characteristics; Complex; Computer Analysis; Computer Simulation; Cues; Data; Detection; Engineering; Environment; Ferrets; Frequencies; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Aids; Human; Learning; Mammals; Masks; Measures; Methods; Neurons; Noise; Output; Patients; Perception; Phase; Population; Process; Property; Relative (related person); Research; Response to stimulus physiology; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Source; Speech; Stimulus; System; Testing; Visual; auditory stimulus; awake; experience; feeding; frontal lobe; improved; insight; multisensory; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; novel; relating to nervous system; research study; response; selective attention; signal processing; sound; visual stimulus

Humans and other mammals are able to recognize and discriminate sounds even when masked by substantial irrelevant noise. Although this process is often effortless for animals, common sources of environmental noise severely confound automatic speech processors and distort the output of hearing aids and prosthetics. Understanding how complex noisy sounds are processed in central brain areas can provide critical insights into how to address these ongoing challenges. The goal of this project is to study cortical responses to naturalistic noisy auditory stimuli in order to understand neurophysiological mechanisms for the robust perception of noisy signals. Initial experiments will study automatic enhancement of natural signals in neural representations during passive listening. These experiments will focus specifically on environmental noise that challenges engineered auditory processing systems. Further experiments will study how neuronal mechanisms facilitate this process when selective attention is directed to auditory and multisensory audio-visual features. Computational analysis will be used to understand the algorithms employed by single neurons and neural populations to enhance the representation of important signals. In addition to revealing basic neural mechanisms of sensory processing, these experiments will provide insight into how sound processors can be improved for hearing-impaired patients.

人类和其他哺乳动物即使被声音掩盖也能够识别和辨别声音 大量不相关的噪音。尽管这个过程对于动物来说通常是毫不费力的，但常见的来源 环境噪声严重扰乱自动语音处理器并扭曲其输出 助听器和假肢。了解中枢如何处理复杂的嘈杂声音 大脑区域可以为如何应对这些持续的挑战提供重要的见解。目标是 该项目旨在研究皮质对自然噪声听觉刺激的反应，以便理解 对噪声信号的鲁棒感知的神经生理机制。初步实验将 研究被动聆听期间神经表征中自然信号的自动增强。 这些实验将特别关注挑战工程设计的环境噪声 听觉处理系统。进一步的实验将研究神经元机制如何促进 当选择性注意力集中于听觉和多感官视听特征时，就会发生此过程。 计算分析将用于理解单个神经元和 神经群体来增强重要信号的表示。除了揭秘之外 感觉处理的基本神经机制，这些实验将深入了解如何 可以为听力受损的患者改进声音处理器。

项目成果

The Essential Complexity of Auditory Receptive Fields.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004628
• 发表时间: 2015-12
• 期刊: PLoS computational biology
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Thorson IL;Liénard J;David SV
• 通讯作者: David SV

Emergent selectivity for task-relevant stimuli in higher-order auditory cortex.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.02.029
• 发表时间: 2014-04-16
• 期刊: Neuron
• 影响因子: 16.2
• 作者: Atiani S;David SV;Elgueda D;Locastro M;Radtke-Schuller S;Shamma SA;Fritz JB
• 通讯作者: Fritz JB

Putting the tritone paradox into context: insights from neural population decoding and human psychophysics.

将三全音悖论置于背景中：来自神经群体解码和人类心理物理学的见解。

• DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-1590-9_18
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Advances in experimental medicine and biology
• 作者: Englitz,Bernhard;Akram,S;David,SV;Chambers,C;Pressnitzer,Daniel;Depireux,D;Fritz,JB;Shamma,ShihabA
• 通讯作者: Shamma,ShihabA