Motor Control and Cerebellar Maturation in Autism

自闭症的运动控制和小脑成熟

基本信息

批准号：
8660328
负责人：
MATTHEW W MOSCONI
金额：
$ 15.71万
依托单位：
UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-16 至 2015-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8660328
关键词：
8 year old Adult Affect Age Autistic Disorder Autopsy Award Ballistics Brain Cell Nucleus Cerebellar Diseases Cerebellar vermis structure Cerebellum Chicago Child Clinical Communities Consultations Data Data Analyses Development Diagnosis Diagnostic Disease Dysmetria Educational workshop Equipment and supply inventories Exposure to Eye Movements Family member Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Functional disorder Goals Grant Health Illinois Image Impairment Individual Institution Journals K-Series Research Career Programs Knowledge Laboratories Lateral Lobule Manuals Measures Mentors Methods Modeling Motor Motor Pathways Motor Skills Movement Disorders Nature Neuroanatomy Neurobiology Neurodevelopmental Disorder Neurologic Neurologic Examination Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychology Neurosciences Neurosciences Research Pathology Performance Physiology Relative (related person)Reporting Research Research Design Research Personnel Resources Saccades Sampling Schedule Severities Smooth Pursuit Source Symptoms System Systems Development Testing Training Training Activity Training Programs Universities Work age related base career development experience lectures motor control motor deficit motor impairment neurophysiology novel oculomotor programs relating to nervous system sensorimotor system skills visual tracking

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The candidate's long-term goal is to develop an independent research program focused on characterizing the development of brain and sensorimotor skills in children with autism. To achieve this goal, the candidate has organized a training program involving coursework, workshops, and consultation with senior experts focused on motor system physiology, the neurobiology of autism, methods for assessing ocular and manual motor control, and brain development. The host institution, the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), provides numerous training activities and resources relevant to this award, including regular seminars, lectures and journal clubs on fMRI methods and data analysis, autism research, neuropsychology, neuroanatomy and motor control and movement disorders. The mentor, Dr. John Sweeney, has performed oculomotor and fMRI studies of health and disease for over 25 years, and he has been the primary mentor of 9 K awards. He is co-Director for the UIC Autism Center of Excellence project grant. The candidate is an investigator on the Autism Center of Excellence, which provides him with direct contact with referral sources for the proposed studies and exposure to the broader autism community within Chicago such as the Midwestern Autism Consortium. The candidate will investigate the development of motor control and brain systems in autism. While this is an understudied aspect of autism, considerable evidence suggests motor impairments are present in the majority of affected individuals. Sixty individuals with autism between ages 5-25 years will be compared with 60 age- and IQ- matched healthy controls. Subjects will perform sustained and ballistic motor control tasks for both ocular and manual systems. Preliminary evidence indicates that subjects with autism show reduced: a) visual tracking accuracy, b) manual force stability, c) saccade accuracy, and d) ballistic force accuracy. In addition, the variability-reducing function of the cerebellum is implicated by pilot data showing increased trial- wise variability of saccade and ballistic force accuracy. Parallel fMRI tasks will assess the development of cerebellar ocular and manual motor circuits in the 45 subjects with autism and 45 controls > age 8 years. Pilot data suggest reduced activation in autism within midline cerebellar vermis during eye movement tasks and in lateral cerebellar hemispheres during manual control. Neuropsychological tests of motor skill, as well as clinical neurological examinations of motor function, also will be administered. These studies have promise to clarify the nature and developmental trajectory of motor system dysfunctions in this highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder.

描述（由申请人提供）：候选人的长期目标是开发一个独立的研究项目，重点关注自闭症儿童大脑和感觉运动技能的发展特征。为了实现这一目标，候选人组织了一项培训计划，包括课程作业、研讨会以及与高级专家的咨询，重点关注运动系统生理学、自闭症神经生物学、评估眼部和手动运动控制的方法以及大脑发育。主办机构伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校 (UIC) 提供了大量与该奖项相关的培训活动和资源，包括关于功能磁共振成像方法和数据分析、自闭症研究、神经心理学、神经解剖学和运动控制的定期研讨会、讲座和期刊俱乐部，以及运动障碍。导师 John Sweeney 博士从事健康和疾病的动眼神经和功能磁共振成像研究超过 25 年，也是 9 K 奖的主要导师。他是 UIC 自闭症卓越中心项目资助的联合主任。该候选人是自闭症卓越中心的一名调查员，该中心使他能够直接接触拟议研究的推荐来源，并接触芝加哥更广泛的自闭症社区，例如中西部自闭症联盟。候选人将研究自闭症患者运动控制和大脑系统的发育。虽然这是自闭症的一个尚未得到充分研究的方面，但大量证据表明大多数受影响的个体都存在运动障碍。 60 名年龄在 5 至 25 岁之间的自闭症患者将与 60 名年龄和智商匹配的健康对照者进行比较。受试者将为视觉和手动系统执行持续的弹道运动控制任务。初步证据表明，患有自闭症的受试者表现出以下方面的下降：a) 视觉跟踪准确性，b) 手力稳定性，c) 扫视准确性，以及 d) 弹道力准确性。此外，试验数据显示小脑的变异性减少功能显示扫视和弹道力精度的试验变异性增加。并行功能磁共振成像任务将评估 45 名自闭症受试者和 45 名 8 岁以上对照者的小脑眼部和手动运动回路的发育情况。试验数据表明，自闭症患者在眼动任务期间小脑蚓部中线内的激活减少，在手动控制期间小脑外侧半球的激活减少。还将进行运动技能的神经心理学测试以及运动功能的临床神经学检查。这些研究有望阐明这种高度普遍的神经发育障碍中运动系统功能障碍的性质和发育轨迹。