Emotion Regulation in Adulthood and Aging: Preference and Effectiveness

成年期和衰老过程中的情绪调节：偏好和有效性

• 批准号: 8786255
• 负责人: Derek M Isaacowitz
• 金额: $ 24.67万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8786255
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Age; Aging; Arousal; Attention; Cognitive; Effectiveness; Elderly; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Eye; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Longevity; Memory; Mental Health; Modeling; Modification; Moods; Physical Function; Play; Process; Public Health; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Resources; Role; Sampling; Specific qualifier value; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Use Effectiveness; Work; age difference; age related; base; cognitive change; cognitive function; design; emotion regulation; emotional stimulus; experience; hedonic; interest; middle age; negative mood; positive emotional state; preference; public health relevance; response; theories; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Older adults show positivity effects in their attention toward emotional stimuli; using stationary eye tracking, our past work has found that older adults fixate less on negative stimuli. More recent work with mobile eye tracking suggests that, in some cases, older adults may also select fewer negative situations to interact with than younger adults. There is also evidence that older adults are more effective at positive reappraisal than younger adults. These are three ways in which older adults may display more "positivity" in their processing of emotional information, and potentially their emotion regulation than do younger adults. While age-related positivity effects were originally conceptualized as part of Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST), they may also have implications for emotion regulation. The current application aims to empirically marry the SST-based approach to studying age-related positivity effects with the Process Model approach to studying emotion regulation, by examining age differences in positive forms of emotion regulation, such as positive looking and positive reappraisal. The application considers 2 questions: Are there are differences in preferences for different types of positive emotion regulation strategies, and are there are differences in the effectiveness of different positive emotion regulation strategies in terms of real-time mood change? Three studies will examine age differences in preferences and effectiveness of potentially positive emotion regulation strategies, from younger adulthood through midlife and into old age. Study 1 is a laboratory-based study that will investigate the rol of age in preferences for, and effectiveness of, the emotion regulation strategies specified in the Process Model: situation selection, situation modification, attentional deployment, cognitive change, and response modification. Study 2 will use experience sampling to investigate age differences in preferences for, and effectiveness of, these strategies in emotion regulation in everyday life. Study 3 will directly test whether shifting goals can account for age differences in the use and effectiveness of positive emotion regulation strategies. Findings will advance our understanding of aging and emotion regulation, and may suggest targets for intervention for those who are not able to regulate emotions successfully.

描述（由申请人提供）：老年人对情绪刺激的关注表现出积极的影响；使用固定的眼动追踪，我们过去的工作发现老年人对负面刺激的固定较少。最近与移动眼镜跟踪的最新工作表明，在某些情况下，老年人可能比年轻人选择更少的负面情况与年轻人相互作用。还有证据表明，老年人比年轻人更有效地重新评估。这是老年人在处理情感信息时可能表现出更多“积极性”的三种方式，而与年轻人相比，他们的情绪调节可能更有可能。尽管与年龄相关的阳性效应最初被概念化为社会情感选择性理论（SST）的一部分，但它们也可能对情绪调节有影响。当前的应用旨在通过凭经验结合基于SST的方法，以研究与年龄相关的阳性效应与过程模型方法研究情绪调节，通过检查积极的情绪调节形式的年龄差异，例如正面的外观和积极的重新评估。该应用程序考虑了2个问题：不同类型的积极情绪调节策略的偏好有差异，并且在实时情绪变化方面，不同积极情绪调节策略的有效性是否存在差异？三项研究将研究从年轻成年到中年到老年的偏好和有效性的年龄差异。研究1是一项基于实验室的研究，它将调查对情绪调节策略的偏好和有效性的年龄的研究。 过程模型：情况选择，情况修改，注意部署，认知变化和响应修改。研究2将利用经验抽样来研究这些策略在日常生活中对这些策略的偏好和有效性的年龄差异。研究3将直接测试转移目标是否可以解释年龄差异 积极情绪调节策略的使用和有效性。调查结果将提高我们对衰老和情绪调节的理解，并可能为无法成功调节情绪的人的干预目标。