FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING OF THE NONHUMAN PRIMATE SOCIAL BRAIN

非人类灵长类社交大脑的功能神经成像

• 批准号: 8357320
• 负责人: CHRISTOPHER J MACHADO
• 金额: $ 7.56万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8357320
• 关键词: Adult; Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Brain; Brain region; California; Cerebrum; Data; Exhibits; Eye; Female; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Juice; Macaca mulatta; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Metabolism; Methods; Motivation; National Center for Research Resources; Nurseries; Positron-Emission Tomography; Primates; Principal Investigator; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resolution; Resources; Rewards; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior; Social Interaction; Social Perception; Source; Swelling; System; Techniques; United States National Institutes of Health; Visual Perception; Visual attention; behavior test; cost; effective therapy; glucose metabolism; mature animal; neuroimaging; nonhuman primate; relating to nervous system; social; social cognition

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Deficits in social cognition characterize many human psychiatric disorders, but the neural substrates of such deficits remain largely unknown. In fact, there is little certainty about the neural systems that normally subserve social cognition. This deficiency is largely due to the use of invasive methods and a lack of standardized behavioral testing paradigms that probe components of social cognition, such as social perception and social motivation. For these studies, we are measuring cerebral glucose metabolism, a correlate of neural activity, using high-resolution positron emission tomography (microPET). Two video presentations will be created; one depicting a variety of social interactions and the other with no social content. MicroPET data will be acquired after subjects view each video to identify neural regions preferentially engaged during the perception of visual social signals. A second study will investigate the neural correlates of social motivation. Some adult animals typically forego juice rewards to view pictures of salient social signals (i.e., female sexual swellings), but not to view pictures of lower-ranked animals or objects. Comparison of microPET data acquired after each of these three conditions will identify brain regions involved in directing behavior towards socially relevant information. Both studies use noninvasive eye tracking techniques to measure visual attention to videos or choices of social pictures versus juice rewards. Upon completion of these studies with normal adult rhesus monkeys, we will investigate how cerebral metabolism differs in subjects raised under atypical conditions (i.e., nursery-reared) or for animals that exhibit maladaptive social behavior. Relevance to Public Health: Social behavior deficits are prevalent in many human psychiatric disorders, such as autism, social anxiety disorder and depression. However, effective treatments remain elusive because little is known about how the normal brain processes social information and selects appropriate social behaviors. The goal of these studies is to develop new, noninvasive methods for identifying: brain areas subserving these abilities.

该子项目是利用资源的众多研究子项目之一 由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 并且子项目的主要研究者可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其他 NIH 来源。 子项目可能列出的总成本 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， NCRR 赠款不直接向子项目或子项目工作人员提供资金。 社会认知缺陷是许多人类精神疾病的特征，但这种缺陷的神经基础仍然很大程度上未知。事实上，通常促进社会认知的神经系统几乎没有确定性。这种缺陷很大程度上是由于侵入性方法的使用以及缺乏探究社会认知组成部分（例如社会感知和社会动机）的标准化行为测试范式。在这些研究中，我们使用高分辨率正电子发射断层扫描 (microPET) 测量大脑葡萄糖代谢（与神经活动相关）。将创建两个视频演示；一个描述了各种社交互动，另一个则没有社交内容。受试者观看每个视频后将获取 MicroPET 数据，以识别在视觉社交信号感知过程中优先参与的神经区域。第二项研究将调查社会动机的神经相关性。一些成年动物通常会放弃果汁奖励来观看显着社交信号（即雌性性肿胀）的图片，但不会观看排名较低的动物或物体的图片。比较这三种情况后获取的 microPET 数据将识别涉及将行为引导至社会相关信息的大脑区域。这两项研究都使用非侵入性眼球追踪技术来衡量对视频的视觉注意力或社交图片的选择与果汁奖励的比较。在完成这些对正常成年恒河猴的研究后，我们将研究在非典型条件下（即托儿所饲养）或表现出适应不良社会行为的动物的大脑代谢有何不同。与公共卫生的相关性：社会行为缺陷在许多人类精神疾病中普遍存在，例如自闭症、社交焦虑症和抑郁症。然而，有效的治疗方法仍然难以捉摸，因为人们对正常大脑如何处理社交信息并选择适当的社交行为知之甚少。这些研究的目标是开发新的非侵入性方法来识别：促进这些能力的大脑区域。