Development of Neural Systems Underlying Learning and Response to Novelty

学习和新奇反应背后的神经系统的发展

基本信息

批准号：
8197015
负责人：
DIMA AMSO
金额：
$ 15.56万
依托单位：
BROWN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-01-11 至 2012-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8197015
关键词：
Adolescence Adolescent Adult Age Area Behavior Behavior Control Behavioral Brain Child Clinical Research Cognitive Consultations Corpus striatum structure Coupled Coupling Data Development Development Plans Diffuse Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Educational workshop Event Eye Movements Fostering Foundations Frequencies Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Hippocampus (Brain)Housing Infant Information Services Injury Institutes Investigation Lateral Learning Learning Disabilities Life Maintenance Manuals Measures Memory Outcome Pattern Perinatal Population Predisposition Prefrontal Cortex Process Reaction Time Relative (related person)Research Saccades Stimulus Supervision System Technology Testing Time Training Universities Very Low Birth Weight Infant Work age group age related base career development caudate nucleus classical conditioning design experience indexing infancy medical schools neural circuit neurodevelopment neuroimaging novel relating to nervous system response statistics white matter

项目摘要

This is a revised K01 proposal designed to foster expertise in the application of neuroimaging to a developmental investigation of learning based on environmental statistics, namely frequency and association-based learning. The candidate has formulated a detailed career development plan composed of didactic coursework, neuroimaging workshops, and ongoing supervision, training, and consultation with field experts. The proposed training will be conducted at the Sackler Institute at the Weill Medical College of Cornell University. The Sackler houses several world-renowned cognitive developmental neuroscientists and is one of the few facilities dedicated entirely to developmental research using neuroimaging technology. In previous work, we found the striatum to be involved in simple frequency-based learning and the hippocampus to be involved in associative learning. We will test the hypothesis that while these forms of learning are intact early in development, the ability to efficiently maintain information during learning and adjust behavior when learned information is violated by novel information develops more gradually as the underlying neural circuitry (e.g., frontostriatal and frontohippocampal circuits) is organized. Statistical manipulations in the frequency with which stimuli are presented and/or associated with other stimuli will be the primary manipulation. Saccade latency in infants, and both saccade latency and reaction times in children, adolescents, and adults will be used as behavioral dependent measures. In a separate session, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)will be used with the same children, adolescents, and adults to assess changes in the recruitment of brain areas and in connectivity between these areas as a function of learning and development. These studies have significant implications for children born preterm and very low birth weight (VLBW, < 1500 grams) who are highly susceptible to subtle striatal and hippocampal injury in the perinatal period, and approximately 40% of who will have some learning disability. By tracking changes in the learning functions of this circuitry across typical development, these studies will lay the foundation for clinical studies that can identify precise learning disruption (specific to striatal or hippocampal circuitry) and associated outcomes and learning disabilities in this preterm and VLBW population. The K01 studies will provide a means by which interpretations of data from future clinical studies can be constrained.

这是一项修订后的 K01 提案，旨在培养神经影像学应用方面的专业知识基于环境统计的学习发展调查，即频率和基于关联的学习。候选人制定了详细的职业发展计划，包括教学课程、神经影像学研讨会以及持续的监督、培训和现场咨询专家。拟议的培训将在威尔医学院的萨克勒研究所进行康奈尔大学。萨克勒拥有多位世界知名的认知发展神经科学家它是少数几个完全致力于使用神经影像技术进行发育研究的机构之一。在之前的工作中，我们发现纹状体参与简单的基于频率的学习，并且海马体参与联想学习。我们将检验以下假设：虽然这些形式学习在发展早期完好无损，在学习过程中有效维护信息的能力和当学到的信息被新信息侵犯时，调整行为会随着学习的发展而逐渐发展。底层神经回路（例如，额纹状体和额海马回路）是有组织的。统计对呈现刺激和/或与其他刺激相关的频率的操纵将是主要操纵。婴儿的眼跳潜伏期，以及婴儿的眼跳潜伏期和反应时间儿童、青少年和成人将被用作行为依赖措施。在单独的会议中，功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和扩散张量成像（DTI）将与相同的儿童、青少年和成人评估大脑区域招募和连接的变化这些领域之间的关系作为学习和发展的函数。这些研究具有重大意义适用于极易感染的早产儿和极低出生体重（VLBW，< 1500 克）的儿童围产期轻微的纹状体和海马损伤，大约 40% 的人会出现一些轻微的损伤学习障碍。通过跟踪该电路在典型开发过程中学习功能的变化，这些研究将为临床研究奠定基础，可以识别精确的学习中断（具体纹状体或海马回路）以及相关的结果和学习障碍在这个早产儿和极低出生体重人口。 K01 研究将提供一种方法来解释未来临床数据研究可能会受到限制。