Improving brief alcohol interventions with a behavioral economic supplement

通过行为经济补充改善短暂的酒精干预

• 批准号: 8740901
• 负责人: JAMES G. MURPHY
• 金额: $ 20.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8740901
• 关键词: Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Calendar; Caring; Cognitive; Controlled Study; Data; Development; Economics; Evaluation; Female; Funding; Goals; Heavy Drinking; Illicit Drugs; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Light; Marijuana; Marijuana Smoking; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Minority; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neurobiology; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Pilot Projects; Population; Preparation; Preventive; Preventive Intervention; Psychological reinforcement; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Relaxation; Relaxation Therapy; Reporting; Request for Proposals; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Students; Testing; Universities; Validation; Work; active control; addiction; base; brief alcohol intervention; brief motivational intervention; career; college; college drinking; cost effective; discounting; drinking; follow-up; heavy drinking college student; high risk; impaired driving performance; improved; innovation; marijuana use brief intervention; marijuana user; novel; parent grant; pilot trial; public health priorities; public health relevance; reduce marijuana use; substance abuser; success; theories; trend; university student; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Approximately 20% of college students are regular marijuana users, and are at risk for cognitive and academic problems, addiction, and risk behaviors such as driving while impaired. Young adult marijuana users are thus a high-risk population and may require an intervention that motivates marijuana reductions by increasing engagement in constructive alternatives to marijuana use. Brief Motivational Interventions (BMIS) have demonstrated efficacy for alcohol use in college students, but lack consistent evidence of efficacy for marijuana use. This research team has developed a supplement to alcohol BMIs, the Substance-Free Activity Session (SFAS), which directly targets the behavioral economic mechanisms of both substance-free reinforcement and delayed reward discounting by encouraging the development of and commitment to academic and career goals, and by highlighting the impact of day-to-day patterns of alcohol use and academic engagement on these goals. A controlled pilot trial found that the SFAS improved BMI outcomes in a sample of heavy drinking college students, and the ongoing parent trial to this revision is replicating and extending those results. The proposed (two-year) Collaborative Research on Addiction Competitive Revision would evaluate the SFAS using a randomized 3-group (BMI + SFAS vs. BMI + Relaxation Attention Control, vs. Assessment Only) pilot trial with 120 undergraduates (50% female, 40% minority) who report using marijuana on > 4 days in the past-month. The results would extend the aims of the parent grant by determining whether the SFAS enhances the efficacy of a standard marijuana BMI, and provide effect size estimates that would guide the development of a larger trial. It is hypothesized that at the 1-month and the next-semester follow-ups (follow-ups are wedded to the academic calendar to allow for representative measurement of marijuana use and activity patterns) BMI+SFAS participants will report significantly lower levels of marijuana use and problems, and that these reductions will exceed those of BMI + Relaxation and Assessment-Only participants. Exploratory analyses will test the hypotheses that (a) the BMI + SFAS will be more effective for participants who report higher baseline marijuana reinforcing efficacy and delayed reward discounting; and (b) the advantage of BMI + SFAS on marijuana use will be mediated by increased participation in substance-free activities. Support for our hypotheses would extend behavioral economic theory and would provide initial validation for an approach that could be used to reduce marijuana misuse among the increasing population of college students who misuse marijuana. Furthermore, given the focus of the SFAS is to increase academic/campus engagement, this work has the potential for widespread dissemination.

描述（由申请人提供）：大约 20% 的大学生经常吸食大麻，并且面临认知和学业问题、成瘾以及酒后驾驶等危险行为的风险。因此，年轻的成年大麻使用者是高风险人群，可能需要采取干预措施，通过增加对大麻使用的建设性替代方案的参与来减少大麻的使用。简短动机干预措施 (BMIS) 已证明对大学生饮酒有效，但缺乏对吸食大麻有效的一致证据。该研究团队开发了酒精BMI的补充，即无物质活动会议（SFAS），它通过鼓励学术和职业目标的发展和承诺，直接针对无物质强化和延迟奖励折扣的行为经济机制，并强调日常饮酒模式和学术参与对这些目标的影响。一项对照试点试验发现，SFAS 改善了酗酒大学生样本的 BMI 结果，而正在进行的针对此修订的家长试验正在复制和扩展这些结果。拟议的（两年）成瘾竞争性修订合作研究将使用随机 3 组（BMI + SFAS 与 BMI + 放松注意力控制，与仅评估）试点试验来评估 SFAS，试验对象为 120 名本科生（50% 为女性， 40% 的少数族裔）报告在过去一个月内使用大麻超过 4 天。结果将通过确定 SFAS 是否增强标准大麻 BMI 的功效来扩展母基金的目标，并提供影响大小估计，以指导更大规模试验的开展。假设在 1 个月和下学期的随访中（随访与学术日历相结合，以便对大麻使用和活动模式进行代表性测量），BMI+SFAS 参与者将报告明显较低的大麻水平使用和问题，并且这些减少将超过 BMI + 仅放松和评估参与者的减少。探索性分析将检验以下假设：(a) BMI + SFAS 对于报告较高基线大麻强化功效和延迟奖励折扣的参与者将更有效； (b) BMI + SFAS 对大麻使用的优势将通过增加对无物质活动的参与来调节。对我们假设的支持将扩展行为经济学理论，并为一种可用于减少滥用大麻的大学生人数不断增加的方法提供初步验证。此外，鉴于 SFAS 的重点是增加学术/校园参与度，这项工作具有广泛传播的潜力。