Improving brief alcohol interventions with a behavioral economic supplement

通过行为经济补充改善短暂的酒精干预

• 批准号: 8740901
• 负责人: JAMES G. MURPHY
• 金额: $ 20.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8740901
• 关键词: Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Calendar; Caring; Cognitive; Controlled Study; Data; Development; Economics; Evaluation; Female; Funding; Goals; Heavy Drinking; Illicit Drugs; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Light; Marijuana; Marijuana Smoking; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Minority; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neurobiology; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Pilot Projects; Population; Preparation; Preventive; Preventive Intervention; Psychological reinforcement; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Relaxation; Relaxation Therapy; Reporting; Request for Proposals; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Students; Testing; Universities; Validation; Work; active control; addiction; base; brief alcohol intervention; brief motivational intervention; career; college; college drinking; cost effective; discounting; drinking; follow-up; heavy drinking college student; high risk; impaired driving performance; improved; innovation; marijuana use brief intervention; marijuana user; novel; parent grant; pilot trial; public health priorities; public health relevance; reduce marijuana use; substance abuser; success; theories; trend; university student; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Approximately 20% of college students are regular marijuana users, and are at risk for cognitive and academic problems, addiction, and risk behaviors such as driving while impaired. Young adult marijuana users are thus a high-risk population and may require an intervention that motivates marijuana reductions by increasing engagement in constructive alternatives to marijuana use. Brief Motivational Interventions (BMIS) have demonstrated efficacy for alcohol use in college students, but lack consistent evidence of efficacy for marijuana use. This research team has developed a supplement to alcohol BMIs, the Substance-Free Activity Session (SFAS), which directly targets the behavioral economic mechanisms of both substance-free reinforcement and delayed reward discounting by encouraging the development of and commitment to academic and career goals, and by highlighting the impact of day-to-day patterns of alcohol use and academic engagement on these goals. A controlled pilot trial found that the SFAS improved BMI outcomes in a sample of heavy drinking college students, and the ongoing parent trial to this revision is replicating and extending those results. The proposed (two-year) Collaborative Research on Addiction Competitive Revision would evaluate the SFAS using a randomized 3-group (BMI + SFAS vs. BMI + Relaxation Attention Control, vs. Assessment Only) pilot trial with 120 undergraduates (50% female, 40% minority) who report using marijuana on > 4 days in the past-month. The results would extend the aims of the parent grant by determining whether the SFAS enhances the efficacy of a standard marijuana BMI, and provide effect size estimates that would guide the development of a larger trial. It is hypothesized that at the 1-month and the next-semester follow-ups (follow-ups are wedded to the academic calendar to allow for representative measurement of marijuana use and activity patterns) BMI+SFAS participants will report significantly lower levels of marijuana use and problems, and that these reductions will exceed those of BMI + Relaxation and Assessment-Only participants. Exploratory analyses will test the hypotheses that (a) the BMI + SFAS will be more effective for participants who report higher baseline marijuana reinforcing efficacy and delayed reward discounting; and (b) the advantage of BMI + SFAS on marijuana use will be mediated by increased participation in substance-free activities. Support for our hypotheses would extend behavioral economic theory and would provide initial validation for an approach that could be used to reduce marijuana misuse among the increasing population of college students who misuse marijuana. Furthermore, given the focus of the SFAS is to increase academic/campus engagement, this work has the potential for widespread dissemination.

描述（由申请人提供）：大约20％的大学生是常规的大麻使用者，并且有认知和学术问题，成瘾和风险行为（例如在受损时驾驶）的风险。因此，年轻的成年大麻使用者是高风险的人口，可能需要进行干预，从而通过增加参与大麻使用的替代品来激发大麻减少。简短的动机干预措施（BMI）表现出对大学生饮酒的功效，但缺乏一致的大麻使用功效证据。该研究团队已经开发了无物质活动会议（SFA）的酒精BMI的补充，该会议直接针对了无物质增强的行为经济机制，并通过鼓励对学术和职业目标的发展和承诺来强调酒精使用和学术对这些目标的影响，通过鼓励对学术和职业目标的发展和承诺来延迟奖励折扣。一项受控的试点试验发现，SFA在大量饮酒的大学生样本中改善了BMI的结果，并且正在进行的该修订的父母试验正在复制并扩大这些结果。拟议的（两年）关于成瘾竞争性修订的协作研究将使用随机的3组（BMI + SFA与BMI + BMI +放松注意力控制，仅与评估）进行评估SFA，与120名本科生（50％女性，40％女性，40％的少数民族）在过去的4天中使用Marijuana报告了4天。结果将通过确定SFA是否增强标准大麻BMI的功效，并提供指导更大试验的开发的效果估计来扩大父母赠款的目标。 It is hypothesized that at the 1-month and the next-semester follow-ups (follow-ups are wedded to the academic calendar to allow for representative measurement of marijuana use and activity patterns) BMI+SFAS participants will report significantly lower levels of marijuana use and problems, and that these reductions will exceed those of BMI + Relaxation and Assessment-Only participants.探索性分析将检验（a）BMI + SFA对报告更高基线大麻增强功效和延迟奖励折扣的参与者的有效性； （b）BMI + SFA在大麻使用中的优势将通过增加无物质活动的参与来介导。对我们假设的支持将扩大行为经济理论，并将为一种方法提供最初的验证，该方法可用于减少滥用大麻的大学生人口中的大麻滥用。此外，鉴于SFA的重点是增加学术/校园的参与，这项工作有可能进行广泛传播。