Promoting Physical Activity in High Poverty Neighborhoods

促进高度贫困社区的体育活动

基本信息

批准号：
8608592
负责人：
Deborah A Cohen
金额：
$ 77.54万
依托单位：
RAND CORPORATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-02-01 至 2017-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While routine physical activity is critical to optimal health, residents of low-income Los Angeles communities are less likely to exercise than those in high-income communities, and they are less likely to use their neighborhood parks, even when the parks are within walking distance. Parks in low-income neighborhoods tend to be smaller and serve a greater population density, but even after accounting for the size and population served, they are still used less than parks in wealthier neighborhoods. In our preliminary studies we found that parks in low-income neighborhoods also had fewer part-time staff and offered fewer programs and organized activities than parks in higher-income areas, and these factors accounted for their lower use. Parks in low-income neighborhoods are often perceived as less safe, a characteristic associated with lower use. Simultaneously, the lack of use and dearth of programming may contribute to a perception of lack of safety, creating a vicious cycle. Nonetheless, we have documented that when parks in low-income neighborhoods offer events and activities, they can be just as busy as parks in higher-income areas. We hypothesize that limited park use in low- income areas can be attributed to the lack of organized and reliable infrastructure of activities that meet the needs of local residents, an infrastructure that is more reliable and often taken for granted in higher income neighborhoods. The proposed study has three specific aims: 1) Using a full factorial design, compare whether park use and population physical activity in low-income neighborhoods increase with the availability of a) more organized physical activity classes, including zumba, line dancing, and aerobics indoors and outdoors and/or b) a loyalty program approach that rewards frequent park users. 2) Determine whether either of these two approaches changes the perception of park safety and neighborhood safety. 3) Identify the cost effectiveness of both approaches in terms of dollars spent to generate increased physical activity in parks as measured through systematic observation. Our study will document all the steps required for implementing and maintaining two physical activity promotion interventions-- one a standard approach offering traditional organized physical activity programs, the other an innovative application of popular customer loyalty programs. We will determine their impact on physical activity and their cost-effectiveness.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然常规的体育锻炼对最佳健康至关重要，但低收入洛杉矶社区的居民比高收入社区的居民锻炼的可能性较小，即使公园在步行距离之内，它们也不太可能使用附近的公园。低收入社区中的公园往往较小并提供更大的人口密度，但是即使考虑到所服务的规模和人口，它们的使用量仍然小于较富裕社区的公园。在我们的初步研究中，我们发现，低收入社区的公园的兼职人员也较少，提供的计划和有组织的活动少于高收入地区的公园，而这些因素则是其较低使用的原因。低收入社区中的公园通常被认为是不太安全的，这是与使用较少相关的特征。同时，缺乏使用和缺乏编程可能会导致人们缺乏安全性，从而产生恶性循环。尽管如此，我们已经记录到，当低收入社区的公园提供活动和活动时，它们可能与高收入地区的公园一样忙碌。我们假设在低收入区域的公园使用有限可以归因于缺乏满足当地居民需求的活动的有组织且可靠的基础设施，这是基础设施这更可靠，并且经常在高收入社区中被视为理所当然。拟议的研究具有三个具体的目的：1）使用完整的阶乘设计，比较低收入社区中的公园使用和人口体育锻炼是否随a）a）更有条理的体育锻炼类别的可用性增加，包括Zumba，line Dancing和Pareosics在室内和室外和室外和/或B）一种忠诚度计划方法，以恢复频繁的公园用户。 2）确定这两种方法中的任何一种是否改变了对公园安全和邻里安全的看法。 3）根据通过系统观察来衡量的公园中花费增加的钱，确定两种方法的成本效益。我们的研究将记录实施和维护两种体育活动促进干预所需的所有步骤 - 一种标准方法，提供传统的有组织的体育活动计划，另一个是流行客户忠诚度计划的创新应用。我们将确定它们对体育活动及其成本效益的影响。