Heart Healthy Microalgae? Algal production of TAGs with high levels of PUFAs

心脏健康的微藻？

• 批准号: 8667273
• 负责人: Francisco Omar Holguin
• 金额: $ 14.24万
• 依托单位: NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY LAS CRUCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-01 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8667273
• 关键词: Acclimatization; Affect; Algae; American Heart Association; Amino Acids; Animals; Arthritis; Assimilations; Autoimmune Diseases; Biochemical; Biological Factors; Biotechnology; Carbohydrates; Carbon; Cardiology; Carotenoids; Cells; Consumption; Coronary; Coronary heart disease; Cultured Cells; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Dietary intake; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Environment; Essential Fatty Acids; European; Fatty Acids; Fish Oils; Fisheries; Fishes; Goals; Growth; Growth and Development function; Health Benefit; Heart; Heart Diseases; Human; Inflammatory; Infusion procedures; Lectin; Lipids; Malignant Neoplasms; Marines; Membrane Fluidity; Metabolic; Metabolic Pathway; Metabolism; Modeling; Nitrogen; Nutrient; Oils; Omega-3 Fatty Acids; Organism; Pilot Projects; Play; Polyamines; Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Population; Prevention; Production; Productivity; Regulation; Role; Saline; Salinum; Shotguns; Side; Societies; Source; Southwestern United States; Stress; Techniques; Toxin; Triglycerides; Unsaturated Fatty Acids; Vascular Plant; Weight; base; bioaccumulation; deprivation; design; dietary requirement; environmental stressor; health disparity; hypertension treatment; interest; light intensity; metabolomics; public health relevance; research study; response; stressor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The American Heart association and the European Society of Cardiology recommend a dietary consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) at 1 g/d for the prevention of coronary heart disease. Human dietary sources of PUFAs are mainly derived from fish and fish oil. Unfortunately these natural sources may be compromised with the bioaccumulation of toxins; further the composition of fatty acids (FAs) in the derived oil are not consistent and may not always be high in PUFAs. Sadly declining wild fisheries alone will not fulfill the demand for the dietary requirements from a growing human population. Microalgae are sources of a variety of beneficial metabolites including FAs. They are capable of synthesizing and accumulating PUFAs providing an alternate source for dietary requirements. Oleaginous microalgae are known for their varying lipid productivity and can accumulate up to ~67% lipid by dry wt. Cultivation of microalgae rich in PUFAs is a potential source of dietary omega-3 FAs. In Aim 1 we determine the effect of environmental conditions on PUFA synthesis and primary metabolite pools. We will quantify the abundance and specific FA composition of lipid produced by the oleaginous microalgae N. salina when grown under cold stress & nutrient stress. Adaptability of microalgae to varying environmental conditions does not only directly affect growth and yield but has a determining role on lipid production and composition. In Aim 2 we will determine the complete lipidome by a detailed compositional analysis using FT-ICR MS. These results will identify lipid classes enriched in PUFAs side chains. We will also determine how lipid classes and metabolic pools are influenced and remodeled by abiotic environmental stress promoting the synthesis of PUFAs that are sequestered into triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis and accumulation. At the conclusion of this pilot proposal, we will have new information on the roles of abiotic stress on total PUFA accumulation and the metabolic reallocation that supports carbon flux towards their synthesis. Secondly we identify the role that other lipid species play in remodeling and providing highly unsaturated FAs to support the de novo synthesis of TAG rich in PUFA. Algae cultivation is well suited to the desert southwest, especially marine algae, which can use the non-arable land and saline aquifers. The cultivation of microalgae rich in PUFAs is a potential source of dietary omega-3 FAs which can be broadly and economically available for the prevention of nutritionally-based health disparities in the southwestern United States.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国心脏协会和欧洲心脏病学会建议以1 g/d的饮食消费多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAS），以预防冠心病。 PUFA的人类饮食来源主要来自鱼油和鱼油。不幸的是，这些天然来源可能会因毒素的生物蓄积而受到损害。进一步的脂肪酸组成（FAS）在衍生油中 不一致，在PUFA中可能并不总是很高。可悲的是，仅野生渔业的下降将无法满足不断增长的人口对饮食需求的需求。微藻是包括Fas在内的各种有益代谢产物的来源。他们能够合成和积累PUFA，为饮食需求提供替代来源。油脂微藻以其不同的脂质生产率而闻名，干wt可以积聚高达约67％的脂质。富含PUFA的微藻的培养是饮食中omega-3 Fas的潜在来源。在AIM 1中，我们确定环境条件对PUFA合成和原代代谢物池的影响。当在冷应激和养分胁迫下生长时，我们将量化由润滑脂微藻乳杆菌产生的脂质的丰度和特异性FA组成。微藻对不同环境条件的适应性不仅会直接影响生长和产量，而且对脂质产生和组成具有决定性作用。在AIM 2中，我们将通过使用FT-ICR MS进行详细的组成分析来确定完整的脂质组。这些结果将确定富含Pufas侧链的脂质类。我们还将确定脂质类别和代谢池如何受到非生物环境应力的影响和重塑，从而促进了被隔离为三酰基甘油（TAG）合成和积累的PUFA的合成。在该试点提案的结论中，我们将获得有关非生物压力在PUFA积累中的作用以及支持碳通量降低其合成的代谢重新分配的新信息。其次，我们确定了其他脂质物种在重塑中的作用，并提供了高度不饱和的FA，以支持富含PUFA的TAG的从头综合。藻类种植非常适合西南沙漠，尤其是海洋藻类，可以使用非宽松的土地和盐水含水层。富含PUFA的微藻的种植是饮食中omega-3 Fas的潜在来源，在美国西南部，可以广泛且经济上可以预防基于营养的健康差异。