Exploring Neurological & Endocrine Determinants of Risk Behavior Decision-Making

探索神经病学

• 批准号: 8661146
• 负责人: Jacinda K. Dariotis
• 金额: $ 10.76万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8661146
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adopted; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Amygdaloid structure; Androgens; Anterior; Behavior; Behavior Disorders; Behavioral; Biological; Biology; Brain; Brain region; Computer Assisted; Decision Making; Development; Dissociation; Drug Addiction; Drug Use Disorder; Drug abuse; Emotional; Endocrine; Endocrinology; Environment; Feeling; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Genital system; HIV; Hormonal; Hormones; Impulsivity; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Learning; Left; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Medial; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; NIH Program Announcements; Neurologic; Neurosciences; Outcome; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Prefrontal Cortex; Psyche structure; Relative (related person); Relative Risks; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk-Taking; Salivary; Sampling; Stress; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; Substance Use Disorder; Survey Methodology; Swab; System; Testosterone; Text; Time; Ventral Striatum; Woman; Work; Youth; association cortex; base; career; cognitive control; dehydroepiandrosterone; depressive symptoms; experience; frontal lobe; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; interest; men; peer; physical conditioning; psychologic; response; sex; sex risk; sexual risk taking; socioeconomics; young adult; young man; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This K01 proposal entitled "Moving Toward Independence: Exploring neurological and endocrine determinants of adolescent and young adult risky behavior decision-making" in response to the program announcement (PA-09-040) proposes a rigorous mixed methods approach to examine how adolescents and young adults (ages 18-24) make decisions about engaging in risky behaviors. This one-year longitudinal study, the first of its kind, incorporates fMRI, salivary samples, genital swabs, and ACASI (Audio Computer Assisted Self-Interview) and in-the-moment text messaging survey methods into one project to examine neurological, hormonal, psychological, and contextual determinants of sexual risk practices and substance use and their related outcomes (e.g., HIV, STIs, substance use disorders, drug dependency, depression). The objective and specific aims of this study are listed below: Objective: The research questions motivating the proposed study are: Why do young adults engage in risky behaviors (sexual and substance use) when they are knowledgeable about consequences? To what extent do these youth experience feelings of depressive symptoms, heightened stress, and physical consequences (e.g., STIs, HIV, drug use disorders)? How do relationships between determinants of risk and outcomes change over time? Aim 1: Assess, using fMRI whether cognitive control brain regions of interest (CCROIs: prefrontal cortex pruning and parietal association cortex; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; ventromedial prefrontal cortex; anterior and posterior cingulate, and temporo-parietal cortices) and socio-emotional brain regions of interest (SEROIs: medial frontal cortex, left ventral striatum - in the accumbens, left superior temporal sulcus, left medial tempor- al, amygdala) are differentially active in youths who take fewer sexual and substance use risks relative to youths taking greater risks. Aim 2: Assess, via four salivary measures per day, whether testosterone (T) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels and diurnal patterns vary as a function of the cognitive control and socio-emotional network brain region activity and development for young women and men. Aim 3: Investigate how activation in cognitive control relative to socio-economic brain networks relates to youths' reports of (a) mental health outcomes and (b) physical health outcomes. By extension, assess how hormone and brain region patterns (e.g., high T with low cognitive control) relate to youths' reports of sexual risk, substance use, drug abuse and dependency, and mental health. Aim 4: Assess changes in brain function as well as hormone diurnal changes over one year's development and whether these changes are related to (1) each other and (2) changes/ stability in sexual risk behavior and substance use outcomes as well as mental health outcomes. At the completion of this project, as a young investigator I will (1) learn the fundamentals of neuroscience and endocrinology, sufficient to launch my independent career, and (2) have a better understanding of how hormones, brain region activity, and context influence a young person's risky behaviors and how these hormones and brain ROI relate to risky behaviors and mental health outcomes over time. This work will advance the current knowledge of adolescent and young adult decision-making and mental health and behavioral outcomes by creating and assessing a more comprehensive model via integrating psychological, biological, and contextual perspectives, and will serve as the basis for an R01 application and future analyses beyond the scope of this study.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项K01提议为“朝着独立性发展：探索青少年和年轻成人风险行为决策的神经和内分泌决定因素”，以应对计划公告（PA-09-09-040）提出了一种严格的混合方法来检查青少年和年轻人（Ages 18-24）如何决定危险行为，以研究青少年和年轻人的行为。这项为期一年的纵向研究（第一项）将fMRI，唾液样本，生殖拭子和ACASI（音频计算机协助的自我浏览）和内在的文本消息传递调查方法纳入一个项目，以检查神经，荷尔蒙，心理学，心理学风险习惯和相关的实质性使用和企业实体（E. gutister and untisenter and untive and untive oft and untister and untive oft and untive oft and coptersemes and ant univ oft and untive oft and univ and univ oft and ote coolsemes，c。药物依赖性，抑郁）。这项研究的目标和具体目的如下：目的：启发拟议研究的研究问题是：当年轻人了解后果时，为什么年轻人从事风险行为（性和物质使用）？这些青年在多大程度上体验到抑郁症状，压力增强和身体后果的感觉（例如，性传播感染，艾滋病毒，药物使用障碍）？风险决定因素和结果之间的关系如何随着时间而变化？目的1：评估fMRI是否感兴趣的认知控制大脑区域（CCROI：前额叶皮层修剪和顶叶协会皮层；背外侧前额叶皮层；腹侧前额叶皮层；前额叶皮层；前侧面和后膜和后扣带，以及临时的临时脑部和临时脑脑部和社会的劳动（均为劳动式）：左腹纹状体 - 在伏尊氏症中，左上颞沟，左侧临时腔，杏仁核）在年轻人中有差异性活跃，这些年轻人相对于服用更大风险的年轻人采取的性和药物使用风险较少。 AIM 2：通过每天四项唾液措施评估，睾丸激素（T）和脱氢表甲酮（DHEA）水平和昼夜模式是否随认知控制和社会情感网络大脑区域的活动以及年轻女性和男性的发展而变化。 AIM 3：研究认知控制中相对于社会经济大脑网络的激活如何与青年人（a）心理健康结果和（b）身体健康结果的报道有关。通过扩展，评估激素和大脑区域模式（例如，具有低认知控制的高T）与青年的性风险，药物使用，药物滥用和依赖以及心理健康的报告有关。 AIM 4：评估一年发展中大脑功能的变化以及激素的昼夜变化，以及这些变化是否与（1）彼此相关，以及（2）性风险行为和物质使用结果的变化/稳定性以及心理健康结果。该项目完成后，作为一个年轻的研究者，我将（1）学习神经科学和内分泌学的基础知识，足以启动我的独立职业，（2）更好地了解激素，大脑区域活动和环境如何影响年轻人的风险行为，以及这些激素以及这些激素和大脑如何与风险行为和精神健康相关。这项工作将通过整合心理，生物学和情境观点来创建和评估更全面的模型，从而提高青少年和年轻成人决策以及心理健康以及行为成果的了解，并将作为R01应用和未来分析的基础，超出了这项研究的范围。