Genetic and food advertisement influences on eating without hunger in children

遗传和食品广告对儿童不饥饿饮食的影响

• 批准号: 8617288
• 负责人: Diane Ihn Ae Gilbert-Diamond
• 金额: $ 23.62万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8617288
• 关键词: 10 year old; Adolescent; Adult; Advertisements; Affect; Age; Alleles; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Biological; Brain imaging; Calories; Cartoons; Child; Childhood; Consumption; Control Groups; Cues; Eating; Eating Behavior; Environmental Risk Factor; Exposure to; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Feeling; Food; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Gender; General Population; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Growth; Height; Hunger; Imaging Techniques; Marketing; Measures; Mental Health; Methodology; Neurobiology; Nutrient; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Parents; Participant; Phase; Phenotype; Policies; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Public Policy; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Rewards; Satiation; Scanning; Self Care; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; Television; Testing; Toy; Visit; Weight; Weight Gain; base; daily functioning; eating in absence of hunger; feeding; food marketing; high risk; improved; intervention program; obesity in children; obesity prevention; obesity risk; physical conditioning; programs; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response; risk variant; sex; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Childhood obesity is a critical public health problem in the U.S. In order to become overweight, children must repeatedly consume calories in excess of those required for growth and daily functioning. Consumption of excess calories is not necessarily driven by feelings of hunger. For example, most children will consume highly palatable food when it is presented to them immediately after they have eaten to satiation. The extent of this behavior, eating in the absence of hunger (EAH), has been strongly associated with overweight and weight gain in children; however, little is known about the genetic and environmental factors that affect this behavior. In this experimental study, we will recruit 200 children who are 9-10 years old from the general population to participate in an EAH study. All children will first be fed a standardized meal that provides 50% of their estimated daily calorie requirements for their age, gender, height, weight, and activity level. After consuming the meal ad libitum, the child will be randomized to view a 20 minute cartoon that has eight embedded 30- second child-directed advertisements for food (experimental condition) or toys (control condition), as well as four neutral advertisements. After watching the cartoon, the child will be taken to a room with highly-palatable foods and toys for 10 minutes. The main outcome will be the amount of food consumed during the 10-minute snacking period and the main exposures will be the child's genotype for the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene rs9939609 allele as well as the exposure to food vs. toy advertisements. We hypothesize that children with at least one copy of the FTO rs9939609 A allele will consume more calories during the snacking period than those who are homozygous for the T allele. We also hypothesize that children with the high risk FTO allele be more affected by television food advertisement exposure than children who do not; i.e. the relative difference in calorie consumption in the food vs. toy advertisement conditions will be greater in children with an AA or AT genotype compared to those with a TT genotype. In a subset of 20 participants, we will also utilize functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) in order to better understand how food advertisements affect children. This preliminary study will inform a future, better-powered study on genetic factors that influence the neural response to food advertisements and the association between this neural response and child EAH. If successful, this study will help to determine whether some children are genetically predisposed for EAH, a trait associated with adiposity in children. It will further elucidate whether some children are particularly vulnerable to unhealthy eating behaviors after viewing television food advertisements. The results of our study can inform child obesity intervention and prevention programs as well as public policy regarding television food advertisements during child programming.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，儿童肥胖是一个关键的公共卫生问题，以使其成为超重，儿童必须反复消耗卡路里，超过生长和日常运作所需的卡路里。消耗过量卡路里不一定是由饥饿感驱动的。例如，大多数孩子在吃饱了饱食后立即将其呈现给他们时，就会食用高度可口的食物。在没有饥饿（EAH）的情况下，这种行为的饮食程度与儿童的超重和体重增加密切相关。但是，对影响这种行为的遗传和环境因素知之甚少。在这项实验研究中，我们将招募200名来自普通人群的9-10岁的儿童参加EAH研究。所有儿童将首先被喂食标准餐，为其年龄，性别，身高，体重和活动水平提供其估计每日卡路里需求的50％。随意食用餐后，孩子将被随机观看20分钟的动画片，该卡通具有八个嵌入式食物（实验状况）或玩具（控制状态）的30秒嵌入式漫画，以及四个中性广告。看完动画片后，孩子将被带到带有高度可容纳的食物和玩具的房间10分钟。主要结果将是在10分钟的零食期内食用的食物量，主要暴露将是孩子与脂肪质量和肥胖相关的基因（FTO）基因（FTO）基因rs9939609等位基因以及食物与玩具广告的暴露。我们假设，与T等位基因纯合的儿童相比，在零食时期，具有至少一份FTO RS9939609副本的儿童将消耗更多的卡路里。我们还假设，高风险FTO等位基因的儿童比没有电视食品广告的影响更大。即，与具有TT基因型的儿童相比，AA或基因型儿童的食物与玩具广告条件的卡路里消耗相对差异将更大。在20名参与者的子集中，我们还将利用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI），以更好地了解食物广告如何影响儿童。这项初步研究将为未来，更有能力的遗传因素提供信息， 影响对食物广告的神经反应以及这种神经反应与儿童EAH之间的关联。如果成功，这项研究将有助于确定某些儿童是否对EAH产生了遗传倾向，EAH是与儿童肥胖相关的特征。它将进一步 在观看电视食品广告后，阐明某些孩子是否特别容易受到不健康的饮食行为。我们的研究结果可以为儿童肥胖干预和预防计划以及有关儿童节目期间电视食品广告的公共政策提供信息。