Associations between Ambient Air Pollution and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Florida

佛罗里达州环境空气污染与不良出生结果之间的关联

• 批准号: 8397648
• 负责人: Xiaohui Xu
• 金额: $ 12.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-08 至 2016-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8397648
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Applications Grants; Birth; Birth Certificates; Birth Weight; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Censuses; Characteristics; Chemicals; Childhood; Climate; Complex; Conceptions; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Quality; Data Set; Detection; Development; Development Plans; Droughts; Engine Exhaust; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Event; Exposure to; Fetal Growth; Fetal Growth Retardation; Fetus; Florida; Funding; Gender; Geographic Locations; Gestational Age; Goals; Grant; Health; Human; Individual; Induced Labor; Infant; Knowledge; Low Birth Weight Infant; Manuscripts; Maternal Exposure; Mentors; Mentorship; Meteorological Factors; Modeling; Modification; Morbidity - disease rate; Multiple Birth Offspring; Nature; Neighborhoods; Nitrogen Oxides; Outcome; Ozone; Parents; Pattern; Power Plants; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Premature Birth; Public Health; Race; Reaction; Recreation; Reporting; Reproductive Health; Research; Research Design; Resolution; Resources; Risk; Role; Scientist; Seasons; Series; Socioeconomic Factors; Source; Statistical Models; Sunlight; Techniques; Time; Time Series Analysis; Training; Universities; Vehicle Emissions; Vital Statistics; Wildfire; Work; Writing; assisted reproduction; career development; chemical reaction; cohort; data modeling; data registry; design; exhaust; experience; fetal; improved; insight; man; mortality; multilevel analysis; population based; programs; season of birth; skills; social; stem; trend; volatile organic compound; Address; Adult; Age; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Applications Grants; Birth; Birth Certificates; Birth Weight; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Censuses; Characteristics; Chemicals; Childhood; Climate; Complex; Conceptions; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Quality; Data Set; Detection; Development; Development Plans; Droughts; Engine Exhaust; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Event; Exposure to; Fetal Growth; Fetal Growth Retardation; Fetus; Florida; Funding; Gender; Geographic Locations; Gestational Age; Goals; Grant; Health; Human; Individual; Induced Labor; Infant; Knowledge; Low Birth Weight Infant; Manuscripts; Maternal Exposure; Mentors; Mentorship; Meteorological Factors; Modeling; Modification; Morbidity - disease rate; Multiple Birth Offspring; Nature; Neighborhoods; Nitrogen Oxides; Outcome; Ozone; Parents; Pattern; Power Plants; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Premature Birth; Public Health; Race; Reaction; Recreation; Reporting; Reproductive Health; Research; Research Design; Resolution; Resources; Risk; Role; Scientist; Seasons; Series; Socioeconomic Factors; Source; Statistical Models; Sunlight; Techniques; Time; Time Series Analysis; Training; Universities; Vehicle Emissions; Vital Statistics; Wildfire; Work; Writing; assisted reproduction; career development; chemical reaction; cohort; data modeling; data registry; design; exhaust; experience; fetal; improved; insight; man; mortality; multilevel analysis; population based; programs; season of birth; skills; social; stem; trend; volatile organic compound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching long-term goal is to be a leading scientist of environmental epidemiology and to develop a program of research that improves our understanding the role of environmental exposures in human health. The primary short-term research objective is to establish an independent and collaborative research agenda and projects at the University of Florida with a major focus on epidemiological research on environmental exposures, particularly on air pollution. This career development plan will provide the necessary resources to expand my inquiry into health problems related to air pollution by providing training in additional technique skills and formal mentorship to: (1) advance my knowledge of the impacts of air pollution on reproductive health; (2) gain further experiences in the conduct of research in environmental epidemiology, including study design, exposure assessment, large dataset management skills and statistical modeling; and (3) advance the skills which are essential for successful competition of independent grant funding, including scientific writing, manuscript development and grantsmanship. In particular, the goal of this mentored research is to investigate the health effects of air pollution on fetal health. The increasing rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm delivery and low birth weight, which are major causes of mortality and/or morbidity in childhood and adulthood, have been reported in the USA and in Florida. Growing epidemiological evidence suggests associations between maternal exposure to ambient air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the findings have been inconsistent. The intent here is to evaluate the associations between ambient air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcome in Florida. This study will utilize three related datasets for the same geographic area and time periods: the Florida birth certificate data, US census data and the interpolated air quality data from the Hierarchical Bayesian (HB) space-time statistical model, which provides a better spatial resolution of air pollution levels for more accurately assessing exposure. In this study, one will: 1) use a population-based birth cohort to examine the associations between air pollution and adverse birth outcomes by emphasizing on detection of the critical windows of exposure and identification of the effect modifiers; 2) apply multilevel models to further investigate these associations after considering the confounding effects and/or effect modification of neighborhood level factors (i.e. census tract- level variables); 3) use a time-series analysis to assess the associations between air pollution and preterm births; 4) develop a grant proposal for independent funding to conduct a study on air pollution and reproductive health. This study specifically addresses health effects of air pollution on adverse pregnancy outcomes with the ultimate goal of offering insight into their etiological causes, which can be modifiable in order to reduce these major reproductive health problems. Therefore, this work is of critical public health importance because of the increasing rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes, their long-term health consequences and the omnipresent nature of air pollution.

描述（由申请人提供）：总体长期目标是成为环境流行病学的主要科学家，并制定一项研究计划，以提高我们的理解环境暴露在人类健康中的作用。主要的短期研究目标是在佛罗里达大学建立独立和协作的研究议程和项目，重点是关于环境暴露的流行病学研究，尤其是空气污染。该职业发展计划将提供必要的资源，以扩大我对与空气污染有关的健康问题的调查，通过提供其他技术技能和正式指导的培训，以：（1）提高我对空气污染对生殖健康的影响的了解； （2）在环境流行病学研究中获得进一步的经验，包括研究设计，暴露评估，大型数据集管理技能和统计建模； （3）提高成功竞争独立赠款资金至关重要的技能，包括科学写作，手稿发展和赠款技巧。特别是，这项受过指导研究的目的是研究空气污染对胎儿健康的健康影响。在美国和佛罗里达州，据报道，不良怀孕结局（例如早产和低出生体重）的不良妊娠结局率提高，这是儿童和成年期死亡率和/或发病率的主要原因。越来越多的流行病学证据表明，孕产妇暴露于环境空气污染与不良妊娠结局之间的关联。但是，这些发现是不一致的。这里的目的是评估佛罗里达州环境空气污染与不良怀孕结局之间的关联。这项研究将在相同的地理区域和时间段使用三个相关数据集：佛罗里达出生证书数据，美国人口普查数据以及分层贝叶斯（HB）时空统计模型的插值空气质量数据，该模型可更好地分辨空间污染水平，以更准确地评估暴露水平。在这项研究中，将：1）使用基于人群的出生队列来检查空气污染与不良出生结果之间的关联，以强调检测暴露的关键窗口和鉴定效应修饰符的关联； 2）在考虑了邻里水平因子的混杂作用和/或效果修改后（即人口普查区域变量），应用多级模型进一步研究这些关联； 3）使用时间序列分析来评估空气污染与早产之间的关联； 4）制定一项赠款提案，以进行独立资金，以进行空气污染和生殖健康的研究。这项研究专门解决了空气污染对不良怀孕结局的健康影响，其最终目的是洞悉其病因学原因，这可以修改以减少这些主要的生殖健康问题。因此，这项工作至关重要，因为不良怀孕结果的速度增加，其长期健康后果和空气污染的无所不在的性质。