Attenuation of androgen deprivation therapy-induced metabolic syndrome by diet

通过饮食减轻雄激素剥夺治疗引起的代谢综合征

• 批准号: 8512044
• 负责人: Oleg Varlamov
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8512044
• 关键词: Address; Adipose tissue; Adverse effects; Aerobic Exercise; Age; Androgens; Animals; Area; Biopsy; Body Composition; Body fat; Caloric Restriction; Cancer Etiology; Cancer Patient; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Physiology; Castration; Chemicals; Clinical Trials; Consumption; Crossover Design; Data; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Dietary Fats; Dyslipidemias; Energy Metabolism; Equilibrium; Exercise; Exposure to; Fat-Restricted Diet; Fatigue; Fatty Acids; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Future; Gene Expression; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Human; Hyperglycemia; Institutes; Insulin Resistance; Investigation; Life Style; Link; Lipolysis; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Macaca mulatta; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Medical History; Metabolic; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Mission; Modeling; Moderate Exercise; Monitor; Monkeys; Muscle; National Cancer Institute; Nursing Research; Nutritional; Obesity; Operative Surgical Procedures; Osteoporosis; Outcome; Patients; Physical environment; Physiological; Preventive Medicine; Public Health; Quality of life; Reducing diet; Reporting; Research; Risk; Second Primary Cancers; Signal Transduction; Skeletal Muscle; Staging; Testing; Testosterone; Time; Tissues; Treatment Efficacy; Visceral; attenuation; blood glucose regulation; cancer diagnosis; cancer therapy; clinical practice; common treatment; cytokine; deprivation; design; diet and exercise; dietary restriction; early onset; energy balance; hormone therapy; improved; insulin sensitivity; insulin signaling; lipid biosynthesis; male; men; middle age; mortality; muscle strength; nonhuman primate; public health relevance; saturated fat; strength training; subcutaneous; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The most common treatment for patients with early-stage prostate cancer is androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). ADT has multiple adverse effects, including decreased quality of life, decreased lean mass and muscle strength, osteoporosis, and metabolic syndrome (MS). The later includes the early onset of sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance, while longer duration of ADT is associated with diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Cardiovascular disease has been recognized as the competing risk and the second cause of mortality in men with prostate cancer. Moderate physical exercise can reverse muscle loss, and improve general health of patients undergoing ADT. Studies in prostate cancer patients also demonstrated that intensive lifestyle changes, including a low-fat diet (LFD), can slow the progression of prostate cancer, but the benefits of a diet restriction for reducing MS and obesity in ADT patients are unknown. Thus, the goal of the present proposal is to further our understanding of the ADT-related MS and establish the effects of dietary fats on the progression and reversal of MS in non-human primates (NHP; rhesus macaques). Similar to humans, caloric excess in rhesus monkeys brought about by a high fat diet (HFD) leads to obesity and insulin resistance, while caloric restriction results in improved insulin sensitivity, and decreased body fat. Because animals can be age- matched, kept on controlled diets, and exposed to the same physical environment, this approach eliminates the variability due to possible confounding differences in diet, lifestyle, and previous medical history seen in human patients. We hypothesize that consumption of a HFD exaggerates the negative effects of ADT on white adipose tissue (WAT) function, leading to the development of MS and obesity in prostate cancer patients and that dietary fat restriction can reverse ADT-induced MS. To test this hypothesis, we will determine whether surgical castration of middle-aged males increases the risk and the magnitude of HFD- induced insulin resistance and obesity. To determine if dietary restriction can eliminate or reduce the metabolic side effects of ADT, intact and castrated animals on a HFD will be switched to a calorie-restricted diet low in saturated fats. Changes in energy balance, cytokine levels, insulin sensitivity, and body composition will be monitored in a longitudinal fashion, and the metabolic function of subcutaneous and visceral WAT will be examined via longitudinal biopsies. The adverse effects of ADT result in additional mortality in prostate cancer patients and, thus, have significant public health implications. The information obtained in the proposed study will help design new strategies applicable to future human clinical trials and clinical practice. This proposal is directly related to the mission of the Natinal Institute of Nursing Research and to the mission of the National Cancer Institute to promote research related to preventive medicine and the management of side effects of conventional cancer treatment, as well as to develop complementary nutritional approaches that can improve cancer outcomes.

描述（由申请人提供）：针对早期前列腺癌患者的最常见治疗方法是雄激素 - 剥夺疗法（ADT）。 ADT具有多种不良反应，包括生活质量降低，瘦质量和肌肉力量降低，骨质疏松症和代谢综合征（MS）。后来包括肌肉减少性肥胖症和胰岛素抵抗的早期发作，而ADT的持续时间更长与糖尿病和血脂异常有关。心血管疾病已被认为是前列腺癌男性死亡率的竞争风险和第二个原因。适度的体育锻炼会逆转肌肉损失，并改善接受ADT的患者的一般健康。在前列腺癌患者中的研究还表明，包括低脂饮食在内的强化生活方式改变可以减缓前列腺癌的进展，但是饮食限制的益处可减少ADT患者的MS和肥胖症。因此，本提案的目的是进一步了解与ADT相关的MS，并确定饮食脂肪对非人类灵长类动物（NHP; Rhesus猕猴）中MS的进展和逆转的影响。与人类类似，高脂肪饮食（HFD）带来的恒河猴的热量导致肥胖和胰岛素抵抗，而热量限制会导致胰岛素敏感性提高，并降低了体内脂肪。由于动物可以年龄匹配，保持受控饮食并暴露于相同的物理环境中，因此这种方法消除了由于人类患者在饮食，生活方式和以前的病史上的混杂差异而导致的变异性。我们假设HFD的消费夸大了ADT对白色脂肪组织（WAT）功能的负面影响，从而导致前列腺癌患者的MS和肥胖症的发展，并且饮食中的脂肪限制可以逆转ADT诱导的MS。为了检验这一假设，我们将确定中年男性的手术cast割是否会增加HFD诱导的胰岛素抵抗和肥胖的风险和幅度。为了确定饮食限制是否可以消除或减少ADT的代谢副作用，完整和cast割动物在HFD上的降低脂肪含量较低。能量平衡，细胞因子水平，胰岛素敏感性和身体组成的变化将以纵向方式进行监测，皮下和内脏WAT的代谢功能将通过纵向活检进行检查。 ADT的不利影响导致前列腺癌患者的额外死亡率，因此具有很大的公共卫生影响。拟议的研究中获得的信息将有助于设计适用于未来人类临床试验和临床实践的新策略。该提案与自然研究所护理研究所的使命以及国家癌症研究所的使命直接相关，以促进与预防医学相关的研究和管理常规癌症治疗的副作用，以及开发可以改善癌症结局的补充营养方法。