Rapid Robust Pediatric MRI

快速稳健的儿科 MRI

• 批准号: 8425019
• 负责人: Shreyas S Vasanawala
• 金额: $ 32.63万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2014-06-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8425019
• 关键词: 8 year old; Acceleration; Adult; Age; Anatomic structures; Anatomy; Anesthesia procedures; Body Image; Child; Childhood; Clinical Research; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Dose; Elements; Failure; Financial compensation; Image; Ionizing radiation; Lead; Length; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Malignant Neoplasms; Methods; Modality; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Noise; Patients; Pilot Projects; Population; Protocols documentation; Radiation; Radiation-Induced Cancer; Recruitment Activity; Resolution; Risk; Safety; Sampling; Sedation procedure; Signal Transduction; Speed; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Time; Vulnerable Populations; Weight; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; base; community setting; compliance behavior; cost effective; density; diagnostic accuracy; image reconstruction; imaging modality; improved; innovation; novel; novel strategies; public health relevance; reconstruction; research and development; research study; skills; soft tissue; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This work aims for rapid, robust pediatric body MRI. MRI is an excellent tool for diagnosis and monitoring of pediatric disease, offering superb soft tissue contrast and high anatomic resolution; unlike computed tomography (CT), particularly attractive is the lack of ionizing radiation, given the increased risk of children to radiation-induced cancer. However, the impact of MRI in children is limited by (1) lack of robustness from the technical demands and low signal to noise ratio (SNR) of imaging small moving structures in an often uncooperative patient, (2) long exams that limit access, cause motion artifacts, and often require anesthesia with attendant risk, and (3) research and development mostly focused on adults. Thus, children often lack the benefits of cross-sectional imaging altogether or are exposed to ionizing radiation. Approach: This work will (1) increase SNR by developing high-density 3 Tesla receive coils optimized for children and (2) incorporate new k-space sampling strategies, advanced motion correction techniques, and novel non-linear parallel imaging reconstruction methods to reduce image reconstruction failure and motion artifacts, thereby increasing robustness. These two developments will enable a third development, (3) compressed sensing, which enables a further increase in imaging speed by exploiting image sparsity to undersample data without causing image artifacts. The three approaches will synergize for dramatic speed, resolution, and anatomic coverage improvements. Experiments will assess (1) SNR gains of a dedicated pediatric coil, (2) image quality of standard acceleration methods versus parallel imaging enhanced with incoherent sampling, pseudorandom ordering, motion- correction, and nonlinear reconstruction, (3) diagnostic equivalence between parallel imaging alone and further accelerated imaging from combined parallel imaging and compressed sensing, and (4) the ability of these methods to reduce anesthesia for pediatric MRI. Significance: This work will lead to fast, robust, broadly-applicable pediatric body MRI protocols with less anesthesia, making MRI safer, cheaper, and more available to children, transforming it into a workhorse modality and decreasing CT radiation burden. The techniques will demand less MRI operator skill, facilitating wide application in the community setting. Finally, faster imaging and motion compensation will permit new MRI applications, for both pediatric and adult disease.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项工作旨在实现快速、稳健的儿科身体 MRI。 MRI 是诊断和监测儿科疾病的绝佳工具，可提供出色的软组织对比度和高解剖分辨率；与计算机断层扫描 (CT) 不同，鉴于儿童患辐射诱发癌症的风险增加，特别有吸引力的是缺乏电离辐射。然而，MRI 对儿童的影响受到以下因素的限制：(1) 由于技术要求缺乏稳健性，且对经常不合作的患者的小型移动结构进行成像的信噪比 (SNR) 较低，(2) 长时间的检查限制了访问，导致运动伪影，并且通常需要麻醉并伴随风险，以及（3）研究和开发主要集中在成人身上。因此，儿童通常完全无法享受横截面成像的好处，或者暴露于电离辐射下。方法：这项工作将 (1) 通过开发针对儿童优化的高密度 3 Tesla 接收线圈来提高 SNR，以及 (2) 结合新的 k 空间采样策略、先进的运动校正技术和新颖的非线性并行成像重建方法，以减少图像重建失败和运动伪影，从而提高鲁棒性。这两项发展将使第三项发展成为可能，即（3）压缩传感，它可以通过利用图像稀疏性对数据进行欠采样而进一步提高成像速度，而不会造成图像伪影。这三种方法将协同作用，以显着提高速度、分辨率和解剖覆盖范围。实验将评估 (1) 专用儿科线圈的 SNR 增益，(2) 标准加速方法的图像质量与通过不相干采样、伪随机排序、运动校正和非线性重建增强的并行成像的图像质量，(3) 并行成像之间的诊断等效性单独使用以及通过组合并行成像和压缩感知进一步加速成像，以及（4）这些方法能够减少儿科 MRI 的麻醉。意义：这项工作将带来快速、稳健、广泛适用的儿科身体 MRI 方案，且麻醉更少，使 MRI 更安全、更便宜、更适合儿童使用，将其转变为主力模式并减少 CT 辐射负担。这些技术对 MRI 操作员技能的要求较低，有利于在社区环境中的广泛应用。最后，更快的成像和运动补偿将允许新的 MRI 应用用于儿科和成人疾病。