Impact of Alcohol Use and HIV Infection on Brain Connectivity Abnormalities

饮酒和艾滋病毒感染对大脑连接异常的影响

• 批准号: 8232056
• 负责人: Assawin Gongvatana
• 金额: $ 15.3万
• 依托单位: MIRIAM HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-01 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8232056
• 关键词: AIDS neuropathy; Address; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Anisotropy; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Area; Atrophic; Attention; Back; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood - brain barrier anatomy; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain region; Clinical; Cognitive; Corpus Callosum; Data; Diffuse; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease Progression; Educational workshop; Evaluation; Exhibits; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; Health; Heavy Drinking; Hospitals; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Learning; Length; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Memory; Mentors; Modality; Motor; Myelin; Neurocognitive; Neurocognitive Deficit; Outcome; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Pathway interactions; Performance; Permeability; Physiological; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Public Health; Quality of life; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Rest; Risk; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Speed; Structure; Syndrome; Techniques; Time; Training; Universities; Viral; Work; alcohol effect; base; blood oxygen level dependent; brain volume; density; executive function; functional disability; improved; in vivo; indexing; information processing; interest; neuroimaging; neuropsychological; novel; novel strategies; public health relevance; response; transmission process; water diffusion; white matter; white matter damage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcoholism is a common comorbid condition of HIV infection. Both conditions have been independently associated with significant brain damage. Mounting evidence suggests that excessive alcohol use may exacerbate HIV-associated brain damage, yet few studies are available that directly address their combined effects. The proposed research will examine the structural and functional brain integrity in HIV-infected individuals and HIV seronegative controls with and without history of heavy alcohol use. Specifically, Diffusion tensor imaging will be used to examine the integrity of brain white matter and structural connectivity. Functional MRI will be used to examine functional brain response to cognitive task. In addition, an exploratory analysis of functional connectivity based on BOLD/FMRI data will provide additional measures of brain connectivity. Using this novel approach of combining multiple neuroimaging and neurocognitive measures, the study will help achieve a better understanding of how functional cortical brain abnormality and neurocognitive impairment associated with alcohol use and HIV infection are linked to degradation of white matter pathways that connect these brain regions. The applicant has received extensive training in neuroimaging investigation of HIV- associated brain dysfunction. The proposed training and research plans represents a natural extension of his work to examine the impact of alcohol use on HIV-associated brain dysfunction, utilizing multiple MRI modalities. To achieve the goal of conducting independent research in this area, the K99 training plan will emphasize 1) the behavioral and biological consequences of alcohol use, 2) the analysis and application of BOLD/FMRI data, and 3) advancing the applicant's current knowledge in neuroAIDS and analysis of diffusion- weighted MRI data. A comprehensive training plan is proposed, combining mentored research and structured didactic activities guided by established researchers in the field, formal coursework and workshops, and participation in seminars at Brown University and The Miriam Hospital. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Results from this study will promote a better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying alcohol/HIV-related neurocognitive dysfunction, which will help to guide behavioral and pharmacological interventions. In addition, the novel neuroimaging measures may serve as more sensitive biomarkers than those currently available for identifying individuals at risk for neurocognitive dysfunction. Ultimately, successful prevention and treatment of neurocognitive deficits will to help to improve the quality of life and health outcome of HIV-infected individuals.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精中毒是HIV感染的常见合并症。两种情况都与大脑损伤明显独立相关。越来越多的证据表明，过度使用酒精可能会加剧与HIV相关的脑损伤，但很少有研究可以直接解决其综合作用。拟议的研究将检查艾滋病毒感染者的结构和功能性脑完整性，以及具有大量酒精史的HIV血清神经对照。具体而言，扩散张量成像将用于检查脑白质和结构连通性的完整性。功能性MRI将用于检查功能性大脑对认知任务的反应。此外，基于BOLD/fMRI数据的功能连接性的探索性分析将提供大脑连接性的其他度量。利用这种新的方法结合了多种神经影像学和神经认知措施，该研究将有助于更好地理解与酒精使用和HIV感染相关的功能性皮质脑异常和神经认知障碍与连接这些脑区域的白质途径的降解有关。申请人接受了对HIV相关脑功能障碍的神经影像研究的广泛培训。拟议的培训和研究计划代表了他的工作的自然扩展，以检查酒精使用对HIV相关的脑功能障碍的影响，并利用多种MRI模式。为了实现在该领域进行独立研究的目标，K99培训计划将强调1）酒精使用的行为和生物学后果，2）大胆/fMRI数据的分析和应用，以及3）促进申请人在神经辅助方面的当前知识以及扩散加权MRI数据的分析。提出了一项全面的培训计划，结合了受过指导的研究和结构化的教学活动，这些活动由现场既定的研究人员，正式的课程和讲习班，以及参加布朗大学和米里亚姆医院的研讨会。 公共卫生相关性：这项研究的结果将促进对酒精/HIV相关的神经认知功能障碍的生物学机制的更好理解，这将有助于指导行为和药理干预措施。此外，与目前可用于识别有神经认知功能障碍风险的人相比，新型的神经影像措施可能更敏感的生物标志物。最终，成功预防和治疗神经认知缺陷将有助于改善感染HIV感染者的生活质量和健康结果。