Homologous Chromosome Pairing during Meiosis in Yeast

酵母减数分裂过程中的同源染色体配对

基本信息

批准号：
8650561
负责人：
Sean M Burgess
金额：
$ 12.44万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-08-01 至 2016-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8650561
关键词：
Actins Affect Aneuploidy Biological Assay Cell Nucleus Cells Chromosome Pairing Chromosome Segregation Chromosome Structures Chromosome abnormality Chromosomes Congenital Abnormality DNA DNA biosynthesis Data Defect Diffusion Ensure Event Fluorescence Frequencies Generations Genes Genetic Genetic Crossing Over Genetic Recombination Goals Homologous Gene Human Image Kinetics Laboratories Lead Lesion Life Measures Meiosis Meiotic Prophase I Meiotic Recombination Mental Retardation Methods Modeling Molecular Conformation Motion Movement Mutation Nuclear Envelope Nuclear Pore Outcome Pathway interactions Pore Proteins Process Role Spontaneous abortion Stretching Structure Testing Three-Dimensional Image Time Walking Work Yeasts abstracting base cancer cell chromosome movement fluorophore genome wide association study in vivo mutant prevent single molecule spatial relationship success telomere tool transmission process

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary/Abstract Chromosome abnormalities due to meiotic errors are a leading cause of birth defects and spontaneous abortions in humans. The long-term objective of this work is to elucidate the mechanisms of meiotic pairing and to understand how these mechanisms help to ensure the fidelity of chromosome transmission from one generation to the next. A thorough mechanistic description of meiotic pairing has been hindered by the lack of appropriate in vivo tools. We have developed methods that allow the rapid capture and analysis of 3D images of chromosomal loci over time. Here we propose the use of these tools to measure the interaction kinetics between homologous and ectopic chromosomal loci. We will then explore how pairing interactions are affected by factors such as chromosome movement and compaction. Finally, we will identify structural features of the chromosome axis that limit non-specific chromosome interactions during meiosis. We will focus first on defining mechanisms by which Rec8, a structural component of the chromosome axis inhibits nonspecific chromosome interactions during meiosis. We will also carry out a mutant screen to identify other genes that suppress nonspecific pairing interactions. The results of these studies will lead to an understanding of the relationship between the structural features of chromosomes during meiosis and the forces that act upon them.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要/摘要减数分裂错误导致的染色体异常是人类出生缺陷和自然流产的主要原因。这项工作的长期目标是阐明减数分裂配对的机制，并了解这些机制如何帮助确保染色体从一代传递到下一代的保真度。由于缺乏适当的体内工具，对减数分裂配对的彻底机械描述受到阻碍。我们开发了一些方法，可以快速捕获和分析染色体位点随时间变化的 3D 图像。在这里，我们建议使用这些工具来测量同源和异位染色体位点之间的相互作用动力学。然后我们将探讨染色体运动和压缩等因素如何影响配对相互作用。最后，我们将确定限制减数分裂过程中非特异性染色体相互作用的染色体轴的结构特征。我们将首先关注定义 Rec8（染色体轴的结构成分）在减数分裂过程中抑制非特异性染色体相互作用的机制。我们还将进行突变筛选，以确定抑制非特异性配对相互作用的其他基因。这些研究的结果将有助于理解减数分裂过程中染色体的结构特征与作用于它们的力之间的关系。