CDART - Center for Drug Abuse Research Translation

CDART - 药物滥用研究翻译中心

• 批准号: 8507670
• 负责人: Michael T Bardo
• 金额: $ 135.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-30 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8507670
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Advocate; Amygdaloid structure; Basic Science; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Commit; Communities; Development; Disease; Disinhibition; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Educational workshop; Emotional; Environment; Esthesia; Exanthema; Faculty; Funding; Goals; Health; Health Care Costs; Human; Human Resources; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Informal Social Control; Institution; Intake; International; Intervention; Investigation; Laboratories; Laboratory Rat; Leadership; Life; Mediating; Mission; Moods; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Personality; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Positioning Attribute; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Prevention Research; Preventive Intervention; Principal Investigator; Professional Organizations; Psychometrics; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Rattus; Relative (related person); Research; Research Institute; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Science; Scientist; Series; Stress; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Training; Translating; Translational Research; Translations; Work; base; design; dopamine system; drug abuse prevention; drug of abuse; efficacy trial; evidence base; improved; innovation; interdisciplinary collaboration; intervention program; mindfulness; neurobehavioral; neurochemistry; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; next generation; novel; outreach; programs; psychologic; psychosocial; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; social; statistics; substance use prevention; symposium; university student; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Drug abuse is a significant health-related problem and novel preventive intervention strategies are needed to address this problem. The Center for Drug Abuse Translation (CDART) is a prevention center responding to the NIDA "Center of Excellence" (PA-10-189). CDART proposes to determine the biologically-based facets of personality that increase risk for drug abuse and to test different preventive interventions that target these multiple risk-related facets. The central theme of CDART is that: (1) sensation seeking involves the reward relevant dopamine system and is most closely related to initiation of use; (2) disinhibition involves the inhibition-relevant prefrontal cortex and is most closely relatd to escalation of use; and (3) urgency, or mood-based rash action, involves the stress-relevant amygdala and is most closely related to problem use. CDART hypothesizes that prevention interventions may be maximally effective if they are tailored specifically to these risk-related facets. Three integrated research projects are proposed; one will use laboratory rats and two will use college students transitioning from adolescence to young adulthood. Using neurochemical and electrophysiological techniques in rats, as well as neuroimaging techniques in humans, the basic neural mechanisms that mediate these different risk-related facets will be assessed. Humans varying in risk-related facets also will be tested for their response to drugs of abuse under controlled laboratory conditions. This basic research will be translated into the application of prevention in small-scale efficacy trials. An especially innovative aspect of the proposed work is that it will test the hypothesis that individuals high in urgency will be more responsive to an intervention that promotes emotional self-regulation (i.e., mindfulness training) relative to an intervention tailored to high sensation seekers. In addition to the specific researc proposed in the 3 research projects, an administrative core, a statistics/psychometrics core and a training/pilot program core will further synergize the projects. An outreach component also is proposed to enhance the bi-directional transfer of information between basic scientists and prevention practitioners. The long-range goal is to improve the design and implementation of targeted anti-drug preventive interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：药物滥用是一个重大的与健康有关的问题，需要新的预防干预策略来解决此问题。药物滥用翻译中心（CDART）是对NIDA“卓越中心”（PA-10-189）的预防中心。 CDART建议确定基于生物学的人格方面增加药物滥用的风险，并测试针对这些与风险相关的各个方面的不同预防干预措施。 CDART的中心主题是：（1）寻求感觉涉及相关的多巴胺系统，并且与使用的启动最密切相关； （2）抑制作用涉及与抑制相关的前额叶皮层，并且与使用的升级最紧密相关； （3）紧迫性或基于情绪的皮疹动作涉及与压力相关的杏仁核，并且与问题的使用最密切相关。 CDART假设预防干预措施是专门针对这些与风险相关的方面量身定制的。提出了三个综合研究项目；一个将使用实验室老鼠，两名将使用从青春期到成年的大学生。使用大鼠中的神经化学和电生理技术以及人类的神经影像学技术，将评估介导这些不同风险相关方面的基本神经机制。与风险相关的方面不同的人类也将通过受控实验室条件下对滥用药物的反应进行测试。这项基础研究将转化为在小规模疗效试验中的预防应用。拟议工作的一个特别创新的方面是，它将检验以下假设：高紧迫性的个体将对促进情绪自我调节（即正念训练）相对于针对高感觉寻求者的干预措施的干预措施更敏感。除了在3个研究项目中提出的特定研究外，行政核心，统计/心理计量学核心和培训/试点计划核心还将进一步协同这些项目。还提出了外展部分，以增强基础科学家和预防从业者之间信息的双向传输。远程目标是改善目标防药物预防干预措施的设计和实施。