BEHAVIORAL & MRI EVALUATION OF PRENATAL ALCOHOL EXPOSURE

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• 批准号: 8171030
• 负责人: EDWARD P RILEY
• 金额: $ 0.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8171030
• 关键词: Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Child; Cognitive; Complement; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Diagnosis; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Exposure to; Face; Fetal Alcohol Exposure; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder; Fetal Alcohol Syndrome; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Grant; Image; Image Analysis; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Institution; Intervention; Investigation; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nature; Neuraxis; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Source; Stress; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; alcohol exposure; brain behavior; disability; multidisciplinary; neuropsychological; prenatal exposure; white matter; white matter change; white matter damage

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) encompasses a broad range of disabilities involving both structural and functional changes. Among the most devastating effects are those caused by alterations in the central nervous system (CMS). These CMS changes result in the cognitive and behavioral deficits reported in most studies of FAS. In addition, it is recognized that brain and behavioral changes can occur in the absence of the facial features required for an FAS diagnosis. In our studies, children with heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol (PEA), who do not have the obvious physical features of FAS, show changes in both brain and behavior similar to those seen in FAS. The term fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) is now being used to describe the range of effects resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure and to reflect that these effects can occur in both dysmorphic and nondysmorphic individuals. Our structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have indicated that white matter in the brain may be particularly sensitive to the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. At the same time we have noticed a similarity between the behavioral effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and those resulting from white matter damage. The proposed project is multidisciplinary in nature, including neuropsychological assessment and brain imaging studies. We plan to continue our structural MRI studies, and in addition, we are proposing two new imaging techniques: diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess white matter damage and functional MRI (fMRI) to assess changes in brain function while performing a task known to be sensitive to prenatal alcohol exposure. This proposal represents a continuation of work that we have been conducting over the last 10 years. Our behavioral assessments will stress tasks hypothesized to be sensitive to white matter changes and our imaging studies will complement these behavioral investigations and allow us to correlate changes in brain with our behavioral findings. Furthermore, we will conduct these investigations in both dysmorphic and nondysmorphic individuals with FASD. We believe that our approach has been successful thus far, and that this multidisciplinary project will expand our understanding of the devastating effects of prenatal alcohol exposure, hopefully informing us sufficiently that we might begin to propose reasonable intervention strategies

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 中心，不一定是研究者的机构。 胎儿酒精综合症 (FAS) 涵盖广泛的残疾，涉及结构和功能的变化。最具破坏性的影响是由中枢神经系统（CMS）改变引起的。大多数 FAS 研究报告称，这些 CMS 变化会导致认知和行为缺陷。此外，人们认识到，在缺乏 FAS 诊断所需的面部特征的情况下，大脑和行为也会发生变化。在我们的研究中，产前大量接触酒精（PEA）的儿童虽然不具有 FAS 的明显身体特征，但其大脑和行为的变化与 FAS 相似。胎儿酒精谱系障碍 (FASD) 一词现在用于描述产前酒精暴露造成的一系列影响，并反映这些影响可能发生在畸形和非畸形个体中。我们的结构磁共振成像（MRI）研究表明，大脑中的白质可能对产前酒精暴露的影响特别敏感。与此同时，我们注意到产前酒精暴露对行为的影响与白质损伤造成的行为影响有相似之处。拟议的项目本质上是多学科的，包括神经心理学评估和脑成像研究。我们计划继续我们的结构 MRI 研究，此外，我们还提出了两种新的成像技术：用于评估白质损伤的扩散张量成像 (DTI) 和用于评估执行已知任务时脑功能变化的功能 MRI (fMRI)。对产前酒精暴露敏感。该提案是我们过去 10 年所做工作的延续。我们的行为评估将强调假设对白质变化敏感的任务，我们的成像研究将补充这些行为研究，并使我们能够将大脑的变化与我们的行为发现联系起来。此外，我们将对患有 FASD 的畸形和非畸形个体进行这些调查。我们相信，到目前为止，我们的方法是成功的，这个多学科项目将扩大我们对产前酒精暴露的破坏性影响的理解，希望能充分告知我们，以便我们可以开始提出合理的干预策略