Affective and Genomic Mediators of Sustained Behavior Change

持续行为改变的情感和基因组调节因素

• 批准号: 8151084
• 负责人: BARBARA LEE FREDRICKSON
• 金额: $ 53.55万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-28 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8151084
• 关键词: Adherence; Adopted; Affect; Affective; Attention; Awareness; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biology; Blood Pressure; C-reactive protein; Cessation of life; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Complement; Complement 2; Conscious; Dancing; Educational process of instructing; Elderly; Emotional; Feedback; Gene Expression; Genetic Polymorphism; Genomics; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Health Promotion; Health behavior; Human; Individual; Inflammation; Intervention; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Learning; Life Expectancy; Life Style; Link; Long-Term Effects; Longevity; Love; Maintenance; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Meditation; Mental Depression; Modeling; Nature; Neuraxis; Outcome; Oxytocin; Pain; Pathway interactions; Peripheral; Personal Satisfaction; Placebo Control; Plant Roots; Positioning Attribute; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Relaxation Techniques; Research; Resources; Rest; Risk; Running; Science; Self-control as a personality trait; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Sinus Arrhythmia; Stress; System; Testing; Time; Translating; Translational Research; Walking; Work; Yoga; base; behavior change; biological systems; blind; clinical practice; evidence base; forging; improved; indexing; innovation; longitudinal design; middle age; mindfulness meditation; positive emotional state; premature; programs; public health relevance; research study; respiratory; response; skills; social genomics; theories; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): People's day-to-day behavioral choices - including how to respond to stress and whether to be physically active - accumulate and compound to set their health risks and life expectancies. Indeed, two of every five premature deaths in the U.S. can be linked to unhealthy and ultimately modifiable behavioral choices. Despite good intentions to improve their health, people's attempts at midlife lifestyle change often fail, paving the way to late-life health limitations and costly chronic conditions. The overarching goal of the proposed research is to investigate how positive emotions alter biological systems in ways that ultimately reinforce sustained positive behavior change. An innovative upward spiral model of lifestyle change integrates the science of positive emotions with the emerging field of social genomics to describe pathways through which positive emotions may influence gene expression to undergird sustained behavior change. Specifically, we propose that positive emotions trigger peripheral biological changes that alter inflammation-related gene expression in ways that increasingly and implicitly reinforce wellness behaviors. Two studies - spanning laboratory and field - test this new model by targeting three Specific Aims. These aims are: (1) to identify peripheral biological resources and genetic polymorphisms that moderate the link between wellness behaviors and their positive emotion yield; (2) to identify the biological signaling pathways that mediate the proposed association between increases in positive emotions and changes in inflammation-related gene expression; and (3) to investigate the pathways through which increases in positive emotions influence changes in inflammation-related gene expression, sustained wellness behaviors, and associated health outcomes. Study 1 is a controlled laboratory study that investigates whether candidate peripheral biological resources (i.e., oxytocin, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, blood pressure, and C-reactive protein) and inflammation-related genetic polymorphisms moderate the positive emotion yield of wellness behaviors and thereby fuel upward spirals of healthy lifestyle change. Study 2 complements and extends this laboratory study, by testing the full scope of the upward spiral model of lifestyle change using a longitudinal, randomized, dual-blind, placebo-controlled field experiment with repeated measures of peripheral biological and genomic markers. This rigorous and validated longitudinal design is unprecedented in human social genomics research and can illuminate how wellness behaviors and biological health mutually reinforce one another. This program of translational research stands to forge a unified science of behavior change, reshape public health interventions, and unlock hidden opportunities to promote healthy longevity. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Unhealthy behavioral choices contribute to costly late life chronic diseases and premature death. Sustained positive behavior change is thus vital to promote healthy longevity, yet remains elusive. Understanding how positive emotions alter gene expression in ways that implicitly reinforce long-term adherence to positive health behaviors is needed to unlock evidence-based health interventions to promote health and save money and lives.

描述（由申请人提供）：人们的日常行为选择（包括如何应对压力以及是否进行身体活动）不断累积和复合，从而决定了他们的健康风险和预期寿命。事实上，在美国，五分之二的过早死亡可能与不健康且最终可改变的行为选择有关。尽管人们有改善健康的良好愿望，但人们改变中年生活方式的尝试往往会失败，从而为晚年的健康限制和昂贵的慢性病铺平了道路。拟议研究的总体目标是调查积极情绪如何改变生物系统，最终强化持续的积极行为改变。生活方式改变的创新螺旋上升模型将积极情绪科学与新兴的社会基因组学领域相结合，以描述积极情绪可能影响基因表达以巩固持续行为改变的途径。具体来说，我们提出，积极情绪会引发外周生物变化，从而改变炎症相关基因的表达，从而逐渐地、隐性地强化健康​​行为。两项涵盖实验室和现场的研究通过针对三个具体目标来测试这一新模型。这些目标是：（1）识别调节健康行为与其积极情绪产生之间联系的外围生物资源和遗传多态性； (2) 确定介导积极情绪增加与炎症相关基因表达变化之间拟议关联的生物信号传导途径； (3) 研究积极情绪的增加影响炎症相关基因表达、持续健康行为和相关健康结果变化的途径。研究 1 是一项对照实验室研究，旨在调查候选外周生物资源（即催产素、呼吸性窦性心律失常、血压和 C 反应蛋白）和炎症相关基因多态性是否会调节健康行为的积极情绪产量，从而促进向上健康生活方式的螺旋式改变。研究2补充并扩展了这项实验室研究，通过使用纵向、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照现场实验以及重复测量外周生物和基因组标记物来测试生活方式改变的螺旋式上升模型的全部范围。这种严格且经过验证的纵向设计在人类社会基因组学研究中是前所未有的，可以阐明健康行为和生物健康如何相互促进。这项转化研究计划旨在打造行为改变的统一科学，重塑公共卫生干预措施，并释放促进健康​​长寿的隐藏机会。 公共卫生相关性：不健康的行为选择会导致代价高昂的晚年慢性疾病和过早死亡。因此，持续积极的行为改变对于促进健康长寿至关重要，但仍然难以实现。需要了解积极情绪如何以隐式强化长期坚持积极健康行为的方式改变基因表达，以解锁基于证据的健康干预措施，以促进健康并节省金钱和生命。