Neural Pathways for Conditioned Stimuli in Eyeblink Conditioning

眨眼条件反射中条件刺激的神经通路

• 批准号: 8494088
• 负责人: John H Freeman
• 金额: $ 35.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-05-01 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8494088
• 关键词: Animals; Area; Attention; Auditory; Auditory area; Autistic Disorder; Bipolar Disorder; Blinking; Brain; Brain Part; Cell Nucleus; Cerebellum; Cerebral cortex; Conditioned Stimulus; Disease; Emotions; Exhibits; Feedback; Fragile X Syndrome; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Investigation; Knowledge; Language; Lateral Geniculate Body; Learning; Medial; Methods; Modality; Movement; Muscimol; Nature; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Optic tract structure; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Play; Pontine structure; Property; Research; Role; Savings; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Sensory Process; Short-Term Memory; Stimulus; Symptoms; Testing; Thalamic Nuclei; Thalamic structure; Time Perception; Training; Visual; Visual Cortex; base; classical conditioning; conditioning; density; design; executive function; extrastriate visual cortex; frontal lobe; motor control; research study; sensory cortex; sensory system; stimulus interval; visual learning

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The cerebellum and its connections with other parts of the brain act as functional loops that underlie various aspects of motor control, learning, attention, language, working memory, and emotion. Disruption of these functional loops may be the basis for symptoms of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, fragile X syndrome, and other disorders. The current proposal is designed to examine sensory inputs to the cerebellum that are necessary for learning and to determine whether the cerebellum sends feedback to these sensory inputs during learning. Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning will be used as the method for assessing cerebellar learning. Previous findings from this project identified the neural pathway necessary for auditory eyeblink conditioning, which includes the medial auditory thalamus (MAT) and its projections to the pontine nuclei. MAT neurons exhibit learning-related changes in activity during eyeblink conditioning that are hypothesized to be driven by feedback from the cerebellum. The first aim of the current proposal is to identify the neural pathway(s) necessary for visual eyeblink conditioning and to determine whether the visual thalamus also shows learning-related activity using reversible inactivation and high-density neuronal recording methods. Aim 2 is to determine whether learning-related activity in the thalamus is driven by the cerebellum or its downstream target nuclei by recording neuronal activity in the thalamus while inactivating the cerebellum and its target nuclei. Aim 3 will investigate the mechanisms underlying cross-modal facilitation of cerebellar learning using high- density neuronal recording methods. Aim 4 is to determine the roles of auditory and visual areas of the cerebral cortex in cerebellar learning using reversible inactivation. The proposed project will significantly increase knowledge about the nature of cerebellar interactions with sensory areas of the brain that underlie associative learning. Findings from this project could be used to develop methods for treating various symptoms caused by pathology in cerebellar interactions with other brain areas.

描述（由申请人提供）：小脑及其与大脑其他部分的连接充当功能回路，构成运动控制、学习、注意力、语言、工作记忆和情感各个方面的基础。这些功能环路的破坏可能是精神分裂症、双相情感障碍、自闭症、脆性 X 综合征和其他疾病症状的基础。目前的提案旨在检查学习所需的小脑感觉输入，并确定小脑在学习过程中是否向这些感觉输入发送反馈。巴甫洛夫眨眼条件反射将用作评估小脑学习的方法。该项目之前的研究结果确定了听觉眨眼调节所需的神经通路，其中包括内侧听觉丘脑（MAT）及其对脑桥核的投射。 MAT 神经元在眨眼条件反射期间表现出与学习相关的活动变化，推测这些变化是由小脑的反馈驱动的。当前提案的第一个目标是确定视觉眨眼调节所需的神经通路，并使用可逆失活和高密度神经元记录方法确定视觉丘脑是否也显示出与学习相关的活动。目标 2 是通过记录丘脑中的神经元活动，同时使小脑及其目标核团失活，来确定丘脑中的学习相关活动是否由小脑或其下游目标核团驱动。目标 3 将研究使用高密度神经元记录方法跨模式促进小脑学习的机制。目标 4 是利用可逆失活确定大脑皮层听觉和视觉区域在小脑学习中的作用。拟建项目将大幅增加 关于小脑与作为联想学习基础的大脑感觉区域相互作用的性质的知识。该项目的研究结果可用于开发治疗由小脑与其他大脑区域相互作用的病理学引起的各种症状的方法。