Cortical Control of a Dextrous Prosthetic Hand

灵巧假手的皮质控制

• 批准号: 8073322
• 负责人: ANDREW B. SCHWARTZ
• 金额: $ 81.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-18 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8073322
• 关键词: Cortical; Control; Dextrous; Prosthetic; Hand

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This supplement is a direct extension of the original project titled "Cortical control of a dexterous prosthetic hand". Individuals with tetraplegia due to spinal cord injury will participate in a month-long study with the advantage of demonstrating the effectiveness of concerted real-time electrocorticography (ECoG) -based brain-controlled interface (BCI) training. This BCI training will be conducted in a well-defined learning paradigm leading to the control of an anthropomorphic dexterous prosthetic arm and hand system. Custom-made subdural ECoG electrode grids, implanted over the arm and hand area of the motor cortex, will remain in place for one month. The participants will be trained to control the prosthetic arm using a "shared-mode control" paradigm which essentially blends control signals derived from cortical activity with an ideal control signal generated by an automatic robot control system. By gradually tuning down the shared-mode ratio, i.e., the level of computer assist, the subject is able to consistently experience a controlled degree of success in completing reach to grasp tasks while the actual difficulty of the task changes to reflect increasing device control skill. We expect that participants will learn to control hand translation, rotation, and grasping for a total of 9 degrees of freedom. Over the duration of training, we expect that their performance will improve and that they will be able to complete tasks related to activities of daily living with at least 90% success. Further, we will characterize the effect of shared-mode control on cortical plasticity as captured by ECoG recording. We expect that the depth of modulation (variation in ECoG signal feature activities across different prosthetic arm movements) will increase over time to optimize performance in the shared-mode BCI training paradigm. This proposed study takes the important step of transferring BCI research completed in non-human primates and humans undergoing ECoG monitoring for intractable epilepsy to an end-user population. The primary focus of this proposal relates to control of reach and grasp activities. Restoring these functions with an advanced prosthetic limb will have a significant impact on the quality of life for individuals with upper limb impairments. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The goal of this project is to demonstrate that individuals with spinal cord injury can achieve robust electrocorticography (ECoG) -based brain control of an anthropomorphic prosthetic arm and hand. Successful completion of this project will significantly advance research in using brain-computer interface technology to enhance function and improve the quality of life for individuals with spinal cord injury.

描述（由申请人提供）：本补充是题为“灵巧假手的皮质控制”的原始项目的直接延伸。因脊髓损伤而导致四肢瘫痪的个体将参加为期一个月的研究，其优点是证明基于协同实时皮质电图 (ECoG) 的脑控接口 (BCI) 训练的有效性。这种 BCI 培训将在明确的学习范式中进行，从而控制拟人灵巧的假肢手臂和手系统。定制的硬膜下 ECoG 电极网格植入手臂和手部运动皮层区域，将保留一个月。参与者将接受培训，使用“共享模式控制”范式来控制假肢，该范式本质上将皮层活动产生的控制信号与自动机器人控制系统生成的理想控制信号混合在一起。通过逐渐降低共享模式比率，即计算机辅助的水平，受试者能够在完成抓握任务时持续体验到受控的成功程度，同时任务的实际难度发生变化以反映设备控制技能的提高。我们希望参与者能够学习控制手的平移、旋转和抓握，总共 9 个自由度。在培训期间，我们预计他们的表现会有所提高，并且能够以至少 90% 的成功率完成与日常生活活动相关的任务。此外，我们将描述共享模式控制对 ECoG 记录捕获的皮质可塑性的影响。我们预计调制深度（不同假肢运动中 ECoG 信号特征活动的变化）将随着时间的推移而增加，以优化共享模式 BCI 训练范例的性能。这项拟议的研究迈出了重要的一步，将在非人类灵长类动物和接受 ECoG 监测顽固性癫痫的人类中完成的 BCI 研究转移到最终用户群体。该提案的主要重点涉及对触及和抓取活动的控制。使用先进的假肢恢复这些功能将对上肢损伤患者的生活质量产生重大影响。 公共健康相关性：该项目的目标是证明脊髓损伤患者可以实现基于皮质电图 (ECoG) 的大脑对拟人假肢手臂和手的强大控制。该项目的成功完成将显着推进利用脑机接口技术增强脊髓损伤患者的功能并改善其生活质量的研究。