Project 1: Response to and recovery from early adverse care....

项目 1：早期不良护理的应对和恢复......

基本信息

批准号：
8041050
负责人：
Philip A Fisher
金额：
$ 29.65万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-03-01 至 2014-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8041050
关键词：
Abate Affect Aftercare Age Animals Area Attention Behavior Behavioral Biological Birth Blinking Brain Cardiac Caregivers Caring Child Child Welfare Chronic Code Cognitive Data Collection Data Set Development Dimensions Disease Down-Regulation Electroencephalography Emotional Emotions Environment Exhibits Exposure to Family Fostering Fright Goals Human Human Development Hydrocortisone Instruction Intervention Investigation Knowledge Lead Life Life Stress Longitudinal Studies Measures Mediating Mental Health Modeling Neurobiology Neurosciences Outcome Parenting behavior Pathology Pear Plastics Principal Investigator Problem behavior Psychophysiology Recording of previous events Records Recovery Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Research Personnel Research Support Risk Salivary Security Severities Shapes Signal Transduction Source Statistical Models Stress Structure Substance abuse problem System Testing Therapeutic Time Toddler Translating Variant Work abstracting adopted child aged base behavior measurement biological adaptation to stress caregiving early experience experience foster care foster child improved improved functioning information gathering maltreatment nonhuman primate outcome forecast psychosocial psychosocial adjustment relating to nervous system response

项目摘要

Seeinstructions): The proposed project focuses on understanding the effects of early life stress (ELS) among toddler-aged foster children. Psychosocial adjustment in toddlerhood has been shown in prior longitudinal studies to be associated with emotional and attentional outcomes later in development, and foster toddlers are known to be at risk for poor psychosocial adjustment. We use ELS as a framework to characterize the early adverse care conditions common to foster children, specifically a history of maltreatment and caregiver transitions. We integrate basic developmental behavioral neuroscience from nonhuman primate and human models to (a) increase our understanding of the neurobiological and behavioral impacts of early adverse care and (b) identify subsequent caregiving experiences that support recovery from early adverse care. The central hypothesis for this project is that ELS in the form of early adverse care results in chronic activation and counter-regulatory down-regulation of the stress-response system, shapes more reactive threat-response system, and impacts the development of emotion- and attention-regulatory systems. Inasmuch as these neural systems are somewhat plastic during early life, improved care might normalize their functioning. However, because young foster children exposed to early adverse care often confront caregivers with disruptive behavior problems and disordered attachment behaviors, therapeutic parenting must involve reducing behavior problems through consistent, nonhostile structure/limit setting and providing nurturance the child needs but may not signal. Even so, children exposed to severe, prolonged early adverse care might sustain neurobiological vulnerabilities that increase risk of pathology long after care conditions improve. In the proposed project, we will recruit 150 foster toddlers (ages 18-30 months) entering a new foster care placement. Three waves of data collection are plannedat 1 month postplacement and at 6 and 12 months after entering the project. Data collection in the first two waves will emphasize the functioning of stress- and threat-response systems and caregiver-child interactions within the foster care environment. Data collection at the third wave will emphasize psychosocial outcomes, specifically emotion- and attention-regulatory problems. The resulting dataset will allow for multivariate statistical modeling to test hypotheses emanating from the Center's overarching conceptual model. RELEVANCE (See instructions): Foster children are at significant risk for emotional and attentional problems. In this project, we will examine the effect of early adverse care experiences, specifically maltreatment and multiple caregiver transitions, and the impact of variations in caregiving within the foster care environment on the brain systems involved in emotion and attention. The knowledge generated by this project will allow us to develop more precise and targeted interventions for foster children and other children exposed to early adverse care.

参见说明）：拟议项目的重点是了解早期生活压力（ELS）对幼儿的影响寄养儿童。先前的纵向研究表明，幼儿期的心理社会调整是与发育后期的情绪和注意力结果相关，众所周知，寄养幼儿面临心理社会适应不良的风险。我们使用 ELS 作为框架来描述早期不良反应寄养儿童常见的照料条件，特别是虐待史和照料者转换。我们整合非人类灵长类动物和人类模型的基本发育行为神经科学 (a) 增加我们对早期不良护理对神经生物学和行为影响的了解；(b) 确定支持从早期不良护理中恢复的后续护理经历。中央该项目的假设是，早期不良护理形式的 ELS 会导致慢性激活和压力反应系统的反监管下调，形成更具反应性的威胁反应系统，并影响情绪和注意力调节系统的发展。由于这些神经系统在生命早期具有一定的可塑性，改善护理可能会使它们的功能正常化。然而，由于年幼的寄养儿童在早期就受到不良照顾，因此照顾者经常面临以下问题：破坏性行为问题和紊乱的依恋行为，治疗性养育必须涉及通过一致的、非敌对的结构/限制设置和提供养育来减少行为问题孩子需要但可能不会发出信号。即便如此，早期长期接受严重不良护理的儿童可能会维持神经生物学脆弱性，在护理条件改善很长时间后，这些脆弱性会增加病理风险。在在拟议的项目中，我们将招募 150 名寄养幼儿（18-30 个月）进入新的寄养机构放置。计划在安置后 1 个月以及 6 个月和 12 个月进行三轮数据收集进入项目后。前两波的数据收集将强调压力和寄养环境中的威胁响应系统以及看护者与儿童的互动。数据收集第三波将强调心理社会结果，特别是情绪和注意力调节问题。生成的数据集将允许进行多元统计建模来测试所产生的假设来自该中心的总体概念模型。相关性（参见说明）：寄养儿童面临情绪和注意力问题的巨大风险。在这个项目中，我们将检查早期不良护理经历的影响，特别是虐待和多次护理人员转换，以及寄养环境中的护理变化对涉及的大脑系统的影响情感和关注。该项目产生的知识将使我们能够开发更精确和对寄养儿童和其他早期受到不良照顾的儿童进行有针对性的干预。