The role of neural variability in production and plasticity of birdsong

神经变异在鸟鸣的产生和可塑性中的作用

• 批准号: 8141344
• 负责人: STEPHEN G LISBERGER
• 金额: $ 18.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8141344
• 关键词: Accounting; Adolescent; Adult; Automobile Driving; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavioral; Birds; Cell Nucleus; Chronic; Code; Data; Development; Feedback; Figs - dietary; Functional disorder; Generations; Hearing; Human; Investigation; Lead; Learning; Left; Lesion; Link; Measures; Monitor; Motor; Motor Pathways; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Noise; Normal Range; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Performance; Play; Process; Production; Prosencephalon; Role; Services; Songbirds; Source; Speech; Structure; Study models; System; Testing; Time; Variant; Work; auditory feedback; base; bird song; computerized tools; disability; experience; insight; motor learning; neural circuit; neuromechanism; novel; prevent; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sound; vocal learning; vocalization

Vocal learning by songbirds provides a model for studying general mechanisms of sensorimotor learning with particular relevance to human speech learning. For both songbirds and humans, hearing the sounds of others, and auditory feedback of oneself, plays a central role in vocal learning. Our previous work suggests that a basal ganglia-forebrain pathway participates in processing auditory feedback and in driving experience-dependent changes to vocalizations. Moreover, these experiments suggest that variability introduced from basal ganglia circuitry to song motor structures and behavior may play a crucial role in enabling song plasticity. Here, we propose to further test this idea by combining behavioral and neural approaches to study contributions of variability to song production and plasticity. We will use chronic recordings from basal ganglia circuitry and song motor structures in singing birds to characterize normal levels of behavioral and neural variation as well as to examine neuron-neuron and neuron-behavior co-variation (Aim 1). We will then use feedback manipulations in adult birds to drive adaptive changes in song and study the relationship between behavioral variability and the capacity for plasticity (Aim 2). Finally, we will monitor and manipulate activity (via chronic recordings and lesions) during conditions of adaptive plasticity to investigate mechanisms underlying the generation of neural variability and their requirement for behavioral change (Aim 3). Songbirds provide a system where the influence of performance-based feedback on a well-defined and quantifiable behavior potentially can be understood at a mechanistic level. Such an understanding will provide basic insight into normal learning processes and contribute to our ability to prevent and correct disabilities that arise from dysfunction of these processes.

鸣禽的声音学习为研究感觉运动的一般机制提供了一个模型 与人类语音学习特别相关的学习。对于鸣禽和人类来说， 听到别人的声音和自己的听觉反馈，在声乐中起着核心作用 学习。我们之前的工作表明基底神经节-前脑通路参与 处理听觉反馈并驱动依赖于经验的发声变化。 此外，这些实验表明从基底神经节电路到歌曲的变异性 运动结构和行为可能在歌曲可塑性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在此，我们建议 通过结合行为和神经方法来研究的贡献来进一步测试这个想法 歌曲制作和可塑性的可变性。我们将使用基底神经节的慢性记录 鸣禽的电路和鸣叫运动结构可表征正常的行为水平和 神经变异以及检查神经元-神经元和神经元-行为共同变异（目标 1）。 然后，我们将使用成年鸟类的反馈操作来驱动歌曲和学习的适应性变化 行为变异性与可塑性能力之间的关系（目标 2）。最后，我们将 在适应性条件下监视和操纵活动（通过慢性记录和损伤） 可塑性来研究神经变异性产生的机制及其 行为改变的要求（目标 3）。鸣禽提供了一个系统，其中 对明确定义和可量化行为的基于绩效的反馈可能是 从机械层面来理解。这样的理解将为正常情况提供基本的洞察力。 学习过程并有助于我们预防和纠正由以下原因引起的残疾的能力： 这些过程的功能障碍。