Training executive functions; emotion regulatory and affective consequences

培训执行职能；

• 批准号: 8211749
• 负责人: Anett Gyurak
• 金额: $ 4.92万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8211749
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Affective; Age; Anxiety Disorders; Architecture; Area; Attention; Basic Science; Behavioral; Borderline Personality Disorder; Brain; Brain region; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Control Groups; Development; Emotions; Ensure; Exercise; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Individual; Intervention; Literature; Magnetic Resonance; Mediating; Mental disorders; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Names; Neurosciences; Neurosciences Research; Participant; Pathology; Performance; Plastics; Population; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Research; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Staging; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Translating; blood oxygenation level dependent response; cognitive control; computerized; design; emotion regulation; executive function; flexibility; frontal lobe; improved; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; skills

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of the proposed research is to investigate the effects of executive functions training on emotion regulation. More specifically, this proposal will examine the effects of training in cognitive control, working memory, and task shifting on two fundamental emotion regulatory strategies: attention deployment and cognitive reappraisal. Neuroanatomical models suggest that brain regions implicated in executive functions - a set of abilities that enable flexible behavioral regulation - underlie the ability to employ emotion regulation strategies. Furthermore, theoretical and basic neuroscience research shows that executive functions are plastic and can be improved by training. Taken together, these findings suggest that targeted executive functions training should translate into emotion regulatory improvements. To test this hypothesis, two studies are proposed. Study 1 will examine the effects of executive functions training on executive functions, emotion regulatory improvements (Aim 1) and affective functioning (Aim 2). Participants in Study 1 will be randomly assigned either to a training group and complete 30-days of executive functions exercises, or to a control group that receives no executive functions training. Study 2 will examine the neural correlates of executive functions training (Aim 3) via the use of functional magnetic resonance imagining assessments pre- and post-training. The broad, long-term objective of this research is to integrate executive functions and emotion regulation literatures and develop a training program that will be useful for clinical populations with emotion regulatory difficulties. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Public health relevance: Very little is known about the implications of executive functions to the regulation of emotions, even though emotion regulatory difficulties are central to many psychiatric disorders. The potential benefits of executive function intervention for emotion regulation are substantial for basic science and public health. The proposed research aims to address the fundamental questions of whether and how executive functions training contributes to emotion regulatory improvements. We anticipate that the findings will have translational potential in the form of a training protocol that can be used with groups of individuals with emotion regulatory deficits - such as those with Axis I (e.g., mood and anxiety disorders) and Axis II (e.g., Borderline personality disorder) pathologies. Furthermore, we anticipate the findings to have direct relevance for NIMH's Strategic Objective 3.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的总体目标是调查执行功能培训对情绪调节的影响。更具体地说，该建议将研究认知控制，工作记忆和任务转移对两种基本情绪调节策略的影响：注意力部署和认知重新评估。神经解剖学模型表明，涉及执行功能的大脑区域 - 一组能够灵活的行为调节的能力 - 是采用情绪调节策略的能力。此外，理论和基本神经科学研究表明，执行功能是塑料的，可以通过培训来改善。综上所述，这些发现表明，有针对性的执行职能培训应转化为情绪调节性改进。为了检验这一假设，提出了两项​​研究。研究1将研究执行职能培训对执行功能，情绪调节改进（AIM 1）和情感功能（AIM 2）的影响。研究1的参与者将被随机分配给培训组，并完成30天的执行职能练习，或者将没有接受执行职能培训的对照组。研究2将通过使用功能性磁共振想象评估在训练前和训练后检查执行功能训练的神经相关性（AIM 3）。这项研究的广泛，长期目标是整合行政职能和情绪调节文献，并制定培训计划，该计划对具有情绪调节困难的临床人群有用。 公共卫生相关性：公共卫生相关性：即使情绪调节困难对许多精神疾病至关重要，公共卫生的相关性知之甚少。对于基础科学和公共卫生，执行功能干预对情绪调节的潜在好处是很大的。拟议的研究旨在解决高管职能培训是否有助于情绪调节性改善的基本问题。我们预计，这些发现将以训练方案的形式具有转化潜力，该方案可以与具有情绪调节性缺陷的个体一起使用，例如患有轴I（例如情绪和焦虑症）和Axis II（例如边界人格障碍）病理的人。此外，我们预计这些发现与NIMH的战略目标3具有直接相关性。