The interaction between neural activity during encoding and retrieval

编码和检索过程中神经活动之间的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
8266017
负责人：
Jared F Danker
金额：
$ 5.22万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-06-01 至 2014-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The ability to flexibly learn and remember is one of the hallmarks of human cognition and is essential for healthy functioning, as becomes apparent in severe cases of dementia. The proposed work seeks to understand how the brain activity occurring during learning influences the brain activity occurring during remembering. This work focuses on three neural processes: 1) Activity in the hippocampus during learning, which is associated with subsequently remembering the learned material, 2) Activity in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) during remembering, which is associated with how difficult that information is to remember, and 3) Reactivation during remembering of the regions that were active during learning, which is associated with vividly re-experiencing the remembered event. Our theory proposes that specific relationships exist among these activity patterns. Specifically, we predict that those memories associated with high hippocampal activity during learning will be associated with 1) low VLPFC activity during retrieval, because those memories will be learned better and easier to remember, 2) more and faster reactivation during retrieval, because those memories will be learned better and re-experienced more vividly and quickly, and 3) faster reactivation during retrieval, because those memories will be learned better and re-experienced more quickly. In the proposed studies, these predictions will be tested by recording brain activity while participants 1) learn associations between nouns and sounds or pictures and 2) subsequently try to remember the sounds or pictures when given the nouns as cues. In study 1, brain activity will be recorded during learning and remembering using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), a technique ideally suited to determining precisely where brain activity is occurring. Predictions 1 and 2 will be tested by comparing the magnitude of hippocampal activity during learning with 1) the magnitude of VLPFC activity during remembering and 2) the magnitude of reactivation of picture and sound regions during remembering, respectively. In study 2, brain activity will be recorded during learning with fMRI and during remembering with magnetoencephalography (MEG), a technique ideally suited to determining precisely when brain activity is occurring. Prediction 3 will be tested by comparing the magnitude of hippocampal activity during learning with the speed of reactivation during remembering. This research will provide a better understanding of how the different neural processes that occur during learning and remembering influence one another.

描述（由申请人提供）：灵活学习和记忆的能力是人类认知的标志之一，对于健康功能至关重要，这一点在严重的痴呆症病例中表现得尤为明显。拟议的工作旨在了解学习过程中发生的大脑活动如何影响记忆过程中发生的大脑活动。这项工作重点关注三个神经过程：1）学习过程中海马体的活动，这与随后记住所学材料有关，2）记忆过程中腹外侧前额叶皮层（VLPFC）的活动，这与信息的难度有关3）在记忆过程中重新激活学习过程中活跃的区域，这与生动地重新体验所记忆的事件相关。我们的理论提出这些活动模式之间存在特定的关系。具体来说，我们预测那些在学习过程中与高海马活动相关的记忆将与 1) 在提取过程中低 VLPFC 活动相关，因为这些记忆会学得更好、更容易记住，2) 在提取过程中更多更快的重新激活，因为这些记忆将更好地学习并更生动、更快速地重新体验，3）在检索过程中更快地重新激活，因为这些记忆将更好地学习并更快地重新体验。在拟议的研究中，这些预测将通过记录大脑活动来测试，同时参与者 1）学习名词和声音或图片之间的关联，2）随后在给予名词作为提示时尝试记住声音或图片。在研究 1 中，将使用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 记录学习和记忆过程中的大脑活动，该技术非常适合精确确定大脑活动发生的位置。预测 1 和 2 将通过比较学习期间海马活动的强度与 1）记忆期间 VLPFC 活动的强度和 2）记忆期间图像和声音区域重新激活的强度来测试。在研究 2 中，将使用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 记录学习期间的大脑活动，并使用脑磁图 (MEG) 记录记忆期间的大脑活动，这是一种非常适合精确确定大脑活动何时发生的技术。预测 3 将通过比较学习期间海马活动的强度与记忆期间重新激活的速度来检验。这项研究将有助于更好地理解学习和记忆过程中发生的不同神经过程如何相互影响。