The interaction between neural activity during encoding and retrieval

编码和检索过程中神经活动之间的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
8266017
负责人：
Jared F Danker
金额：
$ 5.22万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-06-01 至 2014-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The ability to flexibly learn and remember is one of the hallmarks of human cognition and is essential for healthy functioning, as becomes apparent in severe cases of dementia. The proposed work seeks to understand how the brain activity occurring during learning influences the brain activity occurring during remembering. This work focuses on three neural processes: 1) Activity in the hippocampus during learning, which is associated with subsequently remembering the learned material, 2) Activity in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) during remembering, which is associated with how difficult that information is to remember, and 3) Reactivation during remembering of the regions that were active during learning, which is associated with vividly re-experiencing the remembered event. Our theory proposes that specific relationships exist among these activity patterns. Specifically, we predict that those memories associated with high hippocampal activity during learning will be associated with 1) low VLPFC activity during retrieval, because those memories will be learned better and easier to remember, 2) more and faster reactivation during retrieval, because those memories will be learned better and re-experienced more vividly and quickly, and 3) faster reactivation during retrieval, because those memories will be learned better and re-experienced more quickly. In the proposed studies, these predictions will be tested by recording brain activity while participants 1) learn associations between nouns and sounds or pictures and 2) subsequently try to remember the sounds or pictures when given the nouns as cues. In study 1, brain activity will be recorded during learning and remembering using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), a technique ideally suited to determining precisely where brain activity is occurring. Predictions 1 and 2 will be tested by comparing the magnitude of hippocampal activity during learning with 1) the magnitude of VLPFC activity during remembering and 2) the magnitude of reactivation of picture and sound regions during remembering, respectively. In study 2, brain activity will be recorded during learning with fMRI and during remembering with magnetoencephalography (MEG), a technique ideally suited to determining precisely when brain activity is occurring. Prediction 3 will be tested by comparing the magnitude of hippocampal activity during learning with the speed of reactivation during remembering. This research will provide a better understanding of how the different neural processes that occur during learning and remembering influence one another.

描述（由申请人提供）：灵活学习和记住的能力是人类认知的标志之一，对于健康的功能至关重要，这在严重的痴呆症病例中显而易见。拟议的工作试图了解学习过程中的大脑活动如何影响记忆过程中大脑活动的发生。这项工作的重点是三个神经过程：1）学习过程中海马中的活动，这与随后记住学习的材料相关，2）在记忆过程中腹侧前额叶皮层（VLPFC）的活动，这与该信息在学习期间的记忆中有多么困难的记忆，这与该信息的重新持续相关，这与该信息相关，这与事件相关，这是对事件的重新进行的，这是对事件的重新进行的。我们的理论提出这些活动模式之间存在特定关系。具体而言，我们预测，学习过程中与高海马活动相关的那些记忆将与1）检索过程中的较低的VLPFC活动相关，因为这些记忆将在检索过程中更好，更容易记住，2）更多，更快地重新激活，因为这些记忆将更好地学习，并且会更快地学习，并在重新培训中更快地进行了重新培训，因为这些记忆会更快地进行恢复，因为重新恢复了良好的重新启动，因为又可以恢复过良好的恢复性。在拟议的研究中，这些预测将通过记录大脑活动来测试，而参与者1）学习名词与声音或图片之间的关联，以及2）随后在将名词作为提示时尝试记住声音或图片。在研究1中，将在学习和记忆期间使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）记录大脑活性，这是一种理想的技术，适合精确确定脑活动的发生。预测1和2将通过将学习过程中海马活性的幅度与1）记忆期间的VLPFC活性的大小进行测试，并且分别分别在记忆过程中的图像和声音区域的重新激活幅度。在研究2中，将在fMRI学习期间和记忆磁脑电图（MEG）期间记录大脑活动，这是一种理想地确定何时发生脑活动的技术。预测3将通过比较学习过程中海马活动的大小与记忆过程中的重新激活速度进行测试。这项研究将更好地理解学习和记忆期间发生的不同神经过程如何相互影响。