A neural model of fronto-parietal mirror neuron system dynamics

额顶叶镜像神经元系统动力学的神经模型

• 批准号: 7980643
• 负责人: Jose Luis Contreras-Vidal
• 金额: $ 22.56万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-10 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7980643
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Age; Age-Months; Algorithms; Area; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Cells; Child; Childhood; Cognition; Cognitive; Companions; Complement; Computer Simulation; Contralateral; Data; Data Reporting; Development; Educational Intervention; Electroencephalogram; Empathy; Functional disorder; Goals; Human; Individual; Infant; Knowledge; Language; Lead; Learning; Limb structure; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Maps; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Mind; Modality; Modeling; Motor; Movement; Neural Network Simulation; Parietal; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Population; Process; Production; Program Research Project Grants; Publishing; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Scalp structure; Series; Services; Simulate; Staging; Surface; System; Systems Theory; clinically relevant; developmental disease; intervention program; kinematics; mathematical model; mirror neuron system; models and simulation; neural model; neurobiological mechanism; neuromechanism; nonhuman primate; novel; programs; research study; sequence learning; social; social communication; theories; tool; visual motor; white matter

The broad, long-term goal of this project is to develop, validate and study a large-scale dynamic neural network model of the human brain areas comprising the human mirror neuron system (MNS). This system is thought to enable an individual's understanding of the meaning of acfions performed by others, and the potential imitation and learning of those actions, and recent studies implicate dysfunction of the MNS system in autism. However, little is known about the development and the plasficity of the MNS in infants and children, how these infants come to understand and acquire their first actions, and the degree of plasticity of the system in adults. To address these gaps, this project will use large-scale computer model simulations of the MNS to deepen our understanding of the basic neurobiological mechanisms and computafional algorithms that underlie the development and plasticity of the MNS. By closely interacting with the Companion Projects, the model will integrate human and non-human primate data from various modalities including single cell recordings, scalp electroencephalogram (EEG), and behavior, and use these data to validate the model at various stages of development. Moreover, by using simulated developmental abnormalities reported in the literature, in a systematic fashion, we will assess the adequacy of the model to account for behavioral and EEG data reported in autism, and to increase our understanding of the funcfions and roles of the MNS in three fundamental abilities central to adaptive human functioning: 1) the ability to deploy actions strategically in service of goals, 2) the ability to infer the goals or acfions of one's social partners, and 3) the ability to learn via imitation. In summary, this research proposes a series of experiments integrating behavioral, electrophysiological, and mathematical modeling methods to investigate the basic neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the emergence of the MNS in infants and its plasticity in adults.

该项目的广泛、长期目标是开发、验证和研究包含人类镜像神经元系统（MNS）的人脑区域的大规模动态神经网络模型。该系统被认为能够使个体理解他人行为的意义，以及对这些行为的潜在模仿和学习，最近的研究表明自闭症患者的 MNS 系统功能障碍。然而，人们对婴儿和儿童 MNS 的发育和可塑性、这些婴儿如何理解和获得他们的第一个动作以及成人该系统的可塑性程度知之甚少。为了解决这些差距，该项目将使用 MNS 的大规模计算机模型模拟来加深我们对 MNS 发展和可塑性基础的基本神经生物学机制和计算算法的理解。通过与配套项目密切互动，该模型将整合来自各种模式的人类和非人类灵长类动物数据，包括单细胞记录、头皮脑电图 (EEG) 和行为，并使用这些数据在各个开发阶段验证模型。此外，通过使用文献中报告的模拟发育异常，我们将系统地评估该模型是否足以解释自闭症中报告的行为和脑电图数据，并增加我们对 MNS 在自闭症中的功能和作用的理解。人类适应性功能的核心是三种基本能力：1）战略性地部署行动以实现目标的能力，2）推断社会伙伴的目标或行动的能力，3）通过模仿学习的能力。总之，本研究提出了一系列整合行为、电生理学和数学建模方法的实验，以研究婴儿 MNS 出现及其在成人中可塑性的基本神经生物学机制。